人教版七年级英语下册第八单元知识点总结.doc

一．重点单词和短语 post office 邮局police station 警察局pay phone 投币式公用Unit 8 Is there a post office near here？go straight 沿着…. 直走turn right=turn to the right 向右拐 turn left=turn to the left 向左转on the Fifth Avenue在第五大街go along=walk along=go down 沿着……走across from 在….对面next to 紧靠…between…and….在…和…之间 in front of 在…前面on one’s left 在某人的左边on the right 在右边at the first crossing 在第一个十字路口 welcome to…欢迎到…in the neighborhood 在附近 near here 在这附近take a walk=have a walk 散步 take a taxi 乘出租车the way to …去….的路上a house with a beautiful garden enjoy reading 享受阅读 look like 看起来have a good trip 旅途愉快 have fun 玩到开心一个带漂亮花园的二．重点单词和短语1. There be 句型(1)结构：There be+sb 。

/sth. + 地点 表示“在某地有某人或某物 " （there 是引导词，没有词义； be 是谓 语动词；某人/物是主语,地点作状语，多为介词短语）E.g. There is a bank in the neighborhood2)There be 句型的谓语动词 be 在人称和数上应以后面的第一个名词保持一致▲如果后面的名词是可数名词单数或不可数名词,谓语动词用 isg. There is some salad on the table .▲如果后面的名词是可数名词复数，谓语 动词用 areE.g. There are some students in the classroom▲如果 There be 句型中有多个名词，be 动词通常与第一个名词保持人称和数的一致.E.g. There is a boy and two girls in the roomThere are two girls and a boy in the room.(3)There be 句型的一般疑问句：将 be 动词提到句首→Are there any students in the classroom? 肯 定 回 答 ： Yes ， there is /are 。

否 定 回 答 ： No ，there isn’t/aren’t —Is there a bank near here?—Yes， there is /No ,there isn't4）There be 句型的否定句：在 be 后加 notEg. There is a post office near hear. → There isn’t a post office near hear.(5)There be 句型的特殊疑问句：特殊疑问词(组）+be +there +其他 Eg. There are three pens in my schoolbag.(请对划线部分进行提问）.→How many pens are there in your schoolbag?【拓展】there be 和 have 都表示“有..但有所区别： ①含义不同there be 结构表示的是“某地有某物/人"，强调“存在关系”； have 则表示“某人/某物所有”，强调“所属关系”E.g. There is a bus in our factoryOur factory has a bus ②句型不同。

there be 结构的句型为“There be +某物/某人+某地”，否定句是把 not 放在 be 之后，疑问句是把 be 提到句首；have 句型为“某人/某物+ have/ has +某物/某人”，否定句通常是在 have 前加 don’t （ has 前加 doesn’t ）， 疑问句是在句首加 do（第三人称单数加 does） There isn’t a cat under the chairShe doesn't have two brothers③用 there is 或 there are 还是用 have 或 has 均取决于句子的主语但 there be 句型里有两个或多个并列 主语时，be 习惯上和最靠近的那个在数上保持一致 There is a bike under the tree. There are some bikes under the tree There is an apple and two oranges on the table.You have a new book./ You have some new books.He has a new book./ He have some new books.④当表示某物的构成和组成部分时,用 there be 和 have 均可。

E.g Our school has twenty classes. （= There are twenty classes in our school.)2. across from 意为“在……的对面”，后面接表示地点的名词或代词 We live across from the street. There is a bank across from the library 表示“在……的对面”的短语还有：① on the other side of.The bus stop is on the other side of the river.②be opposite to The fruit shop is opposite the post office 3、next to 表示“在 ..旁边；靠近；紧挨着 "，后接表地点的名词或代词 .Eg. The pay phone is next to the libraryThe garden is next to my house辨析】near 也表示“在旁边”，但与 next to 有所区别:从空间上讲，near 只表示“在..。

旁边；在附近”而 next to 有“紧挨着”之意；也就是说 next to 比 near 靠的更近.试比较:E Peter sits next to Mike. Peter sits near Tom.4辨析】between 和 among▲between 表示“在中间”，常与 and 连接，构成短语 between..指在两者之间 E I sit between Lucy and Lily.▲among 也表示“在中间"，指在三者或三者以上的中间 My brother is among those boys5. 【辨析】in front of/ in the front of 都表示“在前面"in front ofin the front of6. cross 动词指在物体外部的前面 指在物体内部的前面 表示“横过；越过”There is a bank in front of the hospitalThe teacher's desk is in the front of the classroom.E.g. He has to cross the river to school。

across 介词 表示“横过；穿过”E.g He has to walk across the river to school Through 介词，表示“（从中间)穿过”E go through the forest/park注:across 表示从一定范围的一边另一边, 动作在物体表面进行.Eg. go/walk across the road/bridge/street7 spend 动词，表示“花（时间、金钱）”①spend …on sth.（名词） “在某事或某物上花费金钱或时间”E.g. I usually spend one hour on my homework. Linda spends ten yuan on this book. ②spend …（in) doing sth “花费金钱或时间做某事 "E.g. I usually spend one hour (in） doing my homeworkShe often spends twenty minutes (in) walking to school pay动词，表示“付钱；付费；付款”（过去式为 paid)①pay for +物 “付钱买某物" E.g. He paid for the books. ②pay +钱+for +物 “付多少钱买某物”E。

g. He paid 200 yuan for the books.③pay sb some money for sth 9. see/watch/hear sb doing sth He paid her 20 dollars for the shoes. 表示“看见 /观看/听见某人正在做某事”E.g I love to watch the monkeys climbing around.I often hear some girls singing in the classroom.10. To get to the park， you just have to cross Center Street.to get to the park 是目的状语前置, just 起增强语气的作用，和此处的 have to 表示“只要, 仅需”g. To get a good grade， we must study hard enjoy动词，表示“享受；喜爱” →enjoyable adj 表示“高兴的”①enjoy sth/sb. “喜欢某物/某人" E g. Do you enjoy this book？②enjoy doing sth。

“喜欢做某事" E He enjoys listening to music③enjoy oneself =have fun =have a good time 表示“玩得高兴”E.g Do you enjoy yourself today？have fun (in) doing sth “做某事很有乐趣”E.g。