Unit9AreDreamsasVitalaseep英语阅读3.ppt

Unit 9 Are Dreams as Vital as Sleep?Are Dreams as Vital as SleeplIII Text Comprehensionl3.1 Comprehension Questionsl3.2 Text AnalysisNavigation GuideNavigation GuidelI Related Informationl1.1 Dream Historyl1.2 Types of DreamlII Difficult Pointsl2.1 Key Wordsl2.2 Key PointsAre Dreams as Vital as SleepObjectivesêAware some famous theories of dreams.êUnderstanding “Dreams”: its movement.Are Dreams as Vital as SleepDream HistoryDream HistoryvDream interpretations dates back to 3000-4000 B.C. vBack in the Greek and Roman era, dream interpreters accompanied military leaders into battle. Are Dreams as Vital as SleepvDreams were also seen as prophetic. vDreaming can be seen as an actual place that your spirit and soul leaves every night to go and visit. Are Dreams as Vital as SleepTypes of DreamsTypes of Dreams•Daydream•Lucid Dream •Recurring Dream•NightmareAre Dreams as Vital as SleepDaydreamnan average of 70-120 minutes a day.na level of consciousness between sleep and wakefulness nIt occurs during our waking hours when we let our imagination carry us away. nthe meanings to your nightly dream symbols are also applicable to your daydreams. lLucid dreamingl takes place when you are in the middle of a dream and you recognize that it is a dream.lrecurring dream  lDream that has been made for several timesAre Dreams as Vital as SleepII. Difficult Points kKey WordskKey Points Are Dreams as Vital as SleepKey WordsKey WordsPsychiatrist:Specialist in study and treatment of mental illnesslNeuropsychologist:lScientists who studies the relationship between the brain and nervous system and behavior.Are Dreams as Vital as SleepKey PointsKey PointslMuscular ToneAre Dreams as Vital as SleepKey PointsKey PointslSigmund Freud’s Human MindAre Dreams as Vital as Sleep Sigmund Freud n6 May 1856 – 23 September 1939 nan Austrian neurologist who founded the psychoanalytic school of psychiatry. nFreud is best known for his theories of the unconscious mind and the defense mechanism of repression, and for creating the clinical practice of psychoanalysis for treating psychopathology through dialogue between a patient, technically referred to as an "analysand", and a psychoanalyst. nFreud redefined sexual desire as the primary motivational energy of human life Pavlov(1849-1936) nThe Russian scientist nstudying the mechanisms underlying the digestive system in mammals. nawarded the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine in 1904. nturned to studying the laws on the formation of conditioned reflexes, a topic on which he worked until his death in 1936. While-readingnRead the passage within twenty minutesnDo exercises A, B, DIII. Text Comprehension III. Text Comprehension& Comprehension Questions& Structure AnalysisAre Dreams as Vital as SleepComprehension Questionsl1. What are the three basic physiological criteria for dreaming?l2. What are the amount of dream of new-born infants, adults, birds and reptiles and amphibians?l3. what are the two principal characteristics of dreaming activity?l4. When may sleepwalking occur?l5. what do you think the importance of studying dreams is?l6. What is the hypothesis directing our study? Are Dreams as Vital as Sleep•The Three basic physiological criteria for dreaming1vDisappearance of muscular tonevRapid Eye Movement (REM)vCharacteristic brain wavesAre Dreams as Vital as Sleep2•The Amount of DreamNewborn infants: 50%Adult: 20%Birds: 0.5%Reptile and amphibian: 0Are Dreams as Vital as SleepTwo principal characteristics of dreaming activitylFirst, rapid eye movement, which we call phase phenomenonlSecond, the blocking of muscular tone, which is called a tonic phenomenonAre Dreams as Vital as SleepSleepwalkinglNot during dream periods lbut in the half awakeAre Dreams as Vital as SleepThe importance of studying dreamslTo studying dreams is to study one of the brain's most mysterious functions, to know an important physiological role and to define what that role is. Probably, studying dreams can also help us explain certain mental illnesses and many other things. Are Dreams as Vital as SleepThe hypothesislDreaming activity is inseparable from other activities of the nervous system.lThere are no separate states of waking, sleeping, dreaming.Are Dreams as Vital as SleepOutlinelPart I (paras 1-20)lThe exploration to dreams and its findings: (three basic physiological criteria for dreaming and pinpointing the centers responsible for the two principal characteristics of dreaming activity)lPart II (paras 21-26)lCats in a state of hallucinationlPart III (paras 27-36)lDreaming can be regulated at willAre Dreams as Vital as SleepUnit 9Part 2 (22-26)Cat in a state of hallucinationlhallucination 幻觉lblockade 封锁lcosmic 宇宙的lWhat other related respects are referred after the discovery of the centers?1. Sleepwalking2. The influence of weightlessness on astronautsAre Dreams as Vital as SleepUnit 9Part 3 (27-35)dreaming can be regulated at willlprecursor 先质ldeprive…of 剥夺…lmolecule 分子linstantaneous 即时的，瞬间的ldeform 使变形，毁坏形状或外观ltrituration 咀嚼lWhat is the hypothesis Dr. Jouvet has arrived at from the experiments?lWhat is the limitation of this hypothesis?Dreaming activity is inseparable from other activities of the nervous system.It fails to explain why this function suddenly appears in the evolution of species with the bird, to be magnified in a kind of explosion with the mammals.Are Dreams as Vital as SleepUnit 9Part 1 (1-21)lpsychiatrist精神病专家，精神科医生lbiochemist 生物化学家lFreud 弗洛伊德lPavlov 巴甫洛夫（条件反射经典实验）lmuscular tone 肌肉紧张性lelectrode 电极lphysiological 生理学的lneurophysiologist 神经生理学家lwhisker (long stiff hairs growing near the mouth of a cat, rat, etc)lreptile (cold-blooded, egg-laying animals) lamphibian (animals able to live both in land and in water)lphysiological 生理学的lelectroencephalogram (EEG) 脑电图lElectroencephalograph 脑电描记器Are Dreams as Vital as SleepMain IdeanThe article is mainly about the latest breakthrough in the study of dreaming.Answer KeysnText: ExercisesnA. cnB. b c c b cn d b b anD. d c b a bn d a c b a cnFast Reading:nd c b c a b c c b cnb c d d dnHome Reading:nd c d c a b d。