
初三复习-动词短语-及练习.doc
19页中考英语—--动词及动词短语一、 重点、难点:动词是用来描述主语的动作、行为或状态的词, 在句子中作谓语,是句子不可缺少的部分,用来阐明主语是什么、处在什么状态或做什么英语中的动词有不同的形式,这些形式体现出动作发生的时间(时态)、积极发出动作还是被动接受动作(语态)和说话者的口气、情感等(语调)1. 动词的分类 2. 动词短语构成的基本知识构造由两个或两个以上的词一起构成一种短语,相称于一种动词,称为短语动词短语动词重要有如下:(1) 动词+介词(+宾语)ﻫ 此类构造相称于一种及物动词,可用于被动语态常用的有look for (寻找),look after (照顾),ask for (祈求),laugh at (讥笑),hear of (据说),care for (喜欢),stand for (代表),wait for (等待)等此类短语动词的宾语只能放在介词后,其中的介词一般不重读,重音一般都落在动词上例如:ﻫ The hunter aimed at the lion and fired, but missed. 猎人对准狮子开了枪,但是没有打中ﻫ I suggest that you attend to the most urgent matters and let the rest wait. ﻫ 我建议你先去解决最紧急的事情,别的事可以等一等。
I think of you all the time. 我总是想起你ﻫ All the new words were looked up. 所有的生词都查过了2) 动词+副词(+宾语)ﻫ 此类短语动词中的副词一般要重读常用的有give up (放弃),pick up (拾起;接某人),think over (仔细考虑),find out (查明;查出),hand in (上交)等有的短语动词可用作不及物动词,有的可用作及物动词用作及物动词的状况比较多,当宾语是名词时,它可以置于短语动词之后,也可以置于短语动词之中但宾语为代词时,则只能置于短语动词之中例如:ﻫ Don’t talk back when I’m speaking to you. 我和你说话的时候不要还嘴 He brought up his children strictly. 她管教孩子很严格 He called the man up. (He called up the man.) 她给那人打了 He called her up. 她给她打了3) 动词+副词+介词(+宾语)ﻫ 常用的有 get along with (进展), catch up with (追上)等。
此类短语动词的宾语只能放在介词后边此类短语动词只能用作及物动词,也称为“三词动词”,中间的副词要重读例如: The money their son spent in French added up to 5,000 dollars. ﻫ 她们的儿子在法国总共花了5,000美元 We have run out of all the money. 我们的钱都花光了ﻫ All my freinds are looking forward to seeing you in Beijing now. ﻫ 所有我的朋友都期待着在北京见到你4) 动词+名词+介词(+宾语) 常用的有take care of (照顾), make use of (运用), pay attention to (注意), make fun of (取笑)等此类短语动词的宾语只能放在介词后边此类短语动词只能用作及物动词,短语动词中的名词前可以有形容词作定语例如: ﻫ Please pay much attention to what the teacher says. 请特别注意教师说的话 ﻫ He takes good care of his elderly mother. 她悉心照顾年迈的妈妈。
She always keeps an eye on her baby when she is doing the housework. 她做家务的时候,总是留意着她的孩子 ﻫ We must make full use of our time. 我们必须充足运用时间5) 动词+名词 常用的有take place (发生), make friends (交朋友)等此类短语动词用作不及物动词例如:ﻫ This story took place three years ago. 这个故事发生在三年前 I like making friends with a lot of people. 我喜欢和许多人交朋友6) 动词+介词+名词ﻫ 常用的有keep…in mind (牢记), learn …by heart (背熟),set…on fire (点火烧),get in touch (获得联系),go to bed (上床睡觉),put on weight (长胖)等例如:ﻫ We have kept in touch with each other since we became friends in . ﻫ 自从我们成为朋友后就始终保持联系。
ﻫ Please learn all these by heart after class. 请课后把这些都背熟7) 动词+形容词ﻫ 常用的有leave…open (让……开着), set…free (释放), cut…open (切开)等此类短语动词中的形容词是宾语的补足语,宾语如果是名词,则宾语可放在形容词的前边,也可放在后边;宾语如果是人称代词或反身代词,则必须放在形容词前边例如: The prisoners were set free. 犯人获得自由 He cut it open. 她把它切开ﻫ典型例题1. -Your kite looks very nice. -It is _______ silk, and it is _______ Weifang.ﻫ A. made from;made of B. made of;made from C. made of;made in D. made in;made fromﻫ 【答案与解析】 答案是C第一种空用短语动词be made of表达“风筝是由丝绸做的”,看得出原材料因此用介词of;第二个空用短语动词be made in和表达地点的名词连用表达在某地制作的。
因此本题选择C2. -When will Han Han’s new book _____? ﻫ -Sorry, I don’t know. I am looking forward to his new book, too.ﻫ A. come on B. come out C. come in D. come overﻫ 【答案与解析】ﻫ 答案是B本题是考察短语动词的用法,从句子的意思理解要用短语动词come out表达“出版”的意思ﻫ(8) 课堂练习1. She hurriedly _______ the child and took him downstairs.A. put on B. wore C. dressed D. had on2. Here is the book. First _______ it and then tell me what you think of it.A. look into B. look through C. look up D. look after3. --- Would you please see the film Iron Man 3 with me tonight, Kate?---- I'd love to, but I've _______ Linda's invitation to dinner.A suffered B. earned C. received D. accepted4. -- Can I _______ your bike?---- With pleasure. But you mustn't _______ it to others.A lend; borrow B. borrow; lend C. lend; lend D. borrow; borrow5. ---- I don't know where to go this summer vacation----- Why not _______ visiting Huanggang? There are many places of interest there.A. suggest B. wonder C. consider D. regard6. His family are worried about him because they haven't _______ letters from him for a long time.A. accepted B. received C. written D. collected7. --- Would you mind _______ the music a little? Don't you think it's too loud?---- Sorry! I'll do it in a minute.A. turning on B. turning off C. turning up D. turning down8. ---- Do you know why he didn't _______ a word when he _______ to?----- Because he was too nervous.A. speak; speaks B. say; was spokenC. say; spoke D. speak; is spoken9. ----- How much is the ticket to Cen tral Park?----- A one-way ticket _______ $40, and you can _______ another $ 2 0 for a round-trip.A. costs; pay B. cost; spend C. pay; spend D. spends; pay10. Scientists are trying their best to _______ ways to treat the terrible disease called H7N9.A. come up with B. look forward toC. talk about D. give up11. ---- What doe。












