FirstandSecondconditionals.ppt

GrammarMixed Conditionals  混合条件句混合条件句 designed and made by Yuenteng Yeung1 虚虚虚虚拟拟拟拟条件句条件句条件句条件句 虚虚虚虚拟拟拟拟条件句，也称条件句，也称条件句，也称条件句，也称非真非真非真非真实实实实条件句，如果表示的条件根条件句，如果表示的条件根条件句，如果表示的条件根条件句，如果表示的条件根 本不可能本不可能本不可能本不可能发发发发生，或生，或生，或生，或实现实现实现实现的可能性很小，要用虚的可能性很小，要用虚的可能性很小，要用虚的可能性很小，要用虚拟拟拟拟条件句1.现现现现在在在在的的的的事事事事实实实实相相相相反反反反: :if if从从从从句句句句用用用用一一一一般般般般过过过过去去去去时时时时（（（（did did / / werewere）））），，，，主主主主句句句句用用用用would would / / could could / / should should / / might might + + dodo，，，，表表表表示示示示现现现现在在在在不可能不可能不可能不可能发发发发生的事情。

生的事情生的事情生的事情 1)If 1)If Princess Princess Diana Diana werewere alive alive today, today, she she wouldwould be be happy happy to see her son, Prince William’s wedding.to see her son, Prince William’s wedding. 如果戴妃如果戴妃如果戴妃如果戴妃还还还还在生，她会很高在生，她会很高在生，她会很高在生，她会很高兴兴兴兴看到自己儿子的婚礼看到自己儿子的婚礼看到自己儿子的婚礼看到自己儿子的婚礼 2)If I 2)If I werewere you, I you, I wouldn’t wouldn’t be so proud.be so proud. 我要是你的我要是你的我要是你的我要是你的话话话话，我不会如此，我不会如此，我不会如此，我不会如此骄骄骄骄傲 3)If she 3)If she knew knew you were there, she you were there, she wouldn’twouldn’t say that. say that. 如果她知道你在那里，就不会如果她知道你在那里，就不会如果她知道你在那里，就不会如果她知道你在那里，就不会这样说这样说这样说这样说。

22. 2.与过去的事实相反与过去的事实相反与过去的事实相反与过去的事实相反: if: if从句用过去完成时（从句用过去完成时（从句用过去完成时（从句用过去完成时（had + donehad + done），），），），主句用主句用主句用主句用would / could / should / might + have + done, would / could / should / might + have + done, 表表表表示过去不可能发生的事情示过去不可能发生的事情示过去不可能发生的事情示过去不可能发生的事情. . 1)If he 1)If he had takenhad taken my advice, he my advice, he would not have madewould not have made such such a mistake.a mistake. 如果他之前听从我的劝告，就不会犯这样的错了如果他之前听从我的劝告，就不会犯这样的错了如果他之前听从我的劝告，就不会犯这样的错了如果他之前听从我的劝告，就不会犯这样的错了。

2) If I 2) If I had gothad got there earlier, I there earlier, I would havewould have met her. met her. 如果我早点到那里，我就能见到她了如果我早点到那里，我就能见到她了如果我早点到那里，我就能见到她了如果我早点到那里，我就能见到她了 3)If I 3)If I hadn’t beenhadn’t been a teacher, I a teacher, I would have beenwould have been a doctor. a doctor. 如果我当时不做老师，就会是个医生了如果我当时不做老师，就会是个医生了如果我当时不做老师，就会是个医生了如果我当时不做老师，就会是个医生了 4)If I 4)If I had knownhad known this computer program, a huge amount this computer program, a huge amount of time and energy of time and energy would have beenwould have been save. save. 如果我早知道这个电脑程序，就能省大量的时间和精力。

如果我早知道这个电脑程序，就能省大量的时间和精力如果我早知道这个电脑程序，就能省大量的时间和精力如果我早知道这个电脑程序，就能省大量的时间和精力33. 3.与将来事实相反与将来事实相反与将来事实相反与将来事实相反: if: if从句用从句用从句用从句用were to do/should+ do/did ,were to do/should+ do/did , 主句用主句用主句用主句用would / could / should / might + dowould / could / should / might + do1)If you should succeed, everything would be all right.1)If you should succeed, everything would be all right. 如果你将来成功了，一切都会好的如果你将来成功了，一切都会好的如果你将来成功了，一切都会好的如果你将来成功了，一切都会好的 2)If the school were to have many foreign teachers, 2)If the school were to have many foreign teachers, students could improve their English more easily.students could improve their English more easily. 如果学校将来有更多的外籍教师，学生更容易改善自如果学校将来有更多的外籍教师，学生更容易改善自如果学校将来有更多的外籍教师，学生更容易改善自如果学校将来有更多的外籍教师，学生更容易改善自己的英语水平。

己的英语水平己的英语水平己的英语水平                                                            从句从句从句从句                      主句谓语主句谓语主句谓语主句谓语与与与与现在现在现在现在事实相反：事实相反：事实相反：事实相反：                    should                    should                               did           would    +                               did           would    +动词原形动词原形动词原形动词原形                                                could                                                could                                                might                                                 might 4 从句从句          主句主句          ：：had+过去分词过去分词  should                                                    would                                        could  + have+过去分词过去分词                                        might 与与过过去去事事实相实相反反 从句从句                          主句主句      ：：should  +动词原形动词原形      should          were to                        would          did                              could   +动词原形动词原形                                             might与与将将来来事事实相实相反反5虚拟条件句的倒装虚拟条件句的倒装虚拟条件句的倒装部分如果含有虚拟条件句的倒装部分如果含有虚拟条件句的倒装部分如果含有虚拟条件句的倒装部分如果含有were, should, were, should, 或或或或had, had, 可将可将可将可将if if 省略，再把省略，再把省略，再把省略，再把were, should, hadwere, should, had移到从句句首，移到从句句首，移到从句句首，移到从句句首，成为倒装。

成为倒装成为倒装成为倒装1. If it had rained last night, it would be very cold 1. If it had rained last night, it would be very cold today.=today.=Had it rained last night, it would be very cold today.Had it rained last night, it would be very cold today.2. If I were to have a baby, I would be a great 2. If I were to have a baby, I would be a great mommy.=mommy.=Were I to have a baby, I would be a great mommy.Were I to have a baby, I would be a great mommy.3. If you should have any questions, you would feel free 3. If you should have any questions, you would feel free to ask me.=to ask me.=Should you have any questions, you would feel free to Should you have any questions, you would feel free to ask me.ask me.6隐含条件的虚拟条件句：隐含条件的虚拟条件句：隐含条件的虚拟条件句：隐含条件的虚拟条件句：1.用用用用with, without, but forwith, without, but for 等介词引导的短语。

等介词引导的短语等介词引导的短语等介词引导的短语 But for your help, I would not arrive here on time.But for your help, I would not arrive here on time. Without water, there would be no life no earth. Without water, there would be no life no earth.2. 2. 用连词用连词用连词用连词otherwise, or, but, though, onceotherwise, or, but, though, once等 I would have attended the party, but I have been so I would have attended the party, but I have been so busy doing my work.busy doing my work.3. 3. 通过上下文表示条件通过上下文表示条件通过上下文表示条件通过上下文表示条件。

You could have done it better.You could have done it better.4. 4. 用于某些动词后的宾语从句用于某些动词后的宾语从句用于某些动词后的宾语从句用于某些动词后的宾语从句, ,谓语用谓语用谓语用谓语用should+Vshould+V- -原形：原形：原形：原形： insist, order, command, advise, suggest, propose, insist, order, command, advise, suggest, propose, demand, require, askdemand, require, ask等He suggested that we (should) hold a meeting tonight.He suggested that we (should) hold a meeting tonight.I insist that you (should) go and get a new dress.I insist that you (should) go and get a new dress.7二：虚拟语气特殊句型：1.wish 2.的宾语从句现在：过去：将来：过去时（were）过去完成时would/could/might+V. should1.I wish I were a bird.（（现在）现在）2.I wish I hadn’t made such a mistake.（（过去）过去）3.We wish our parents wouldn’t punish us. （将来）（将来）As if/though和wish用法相同She loves the baby as if he were her own son.82 . If only …要是就好了，用法和要是就好了，用法和wish类似类似 If only I knew his name! （现在）（现在） If only we had followed your advice！！(过去过去) If only I could see him again!( 将来将来)要是父母将来能和我们住在一起就好了。

要是父母将来能和我们住在一起就好了要是我没错过火车就好了！要是我没错过火车就好了！If only our parents could live with us!If only I hadn’t missed the train!93. would rather (that)现在：现在：过去：过去：将来：将来：I would rather you paid me now. (与现在相反与现在相反) I would rather you had gone, too.(与过去相反与过去相反)Don’t come. I would rather you came tomorrow.（与将来相反）（与将来相反）过去时过去时过去完成时104. It’s necessary /strange/ natural/ important + that-Clause 从句中的动词要用虚拟，即从句中的动词要用虚拟，即（（should））+动词原形动词原形It is strange that she (should)refuse to come to the party.It’s necessary that we (should) study hard.It is important that we ( should ) master a foreign language.115.It’s (about/high) time +(that)…should +V.过去时你该走了。

我们该去睡觉了It’s high time that you went.It’s high time that you should go.It’s time that we went to bed.It’s time that we should go to bed. (Should不可省不可省略略)是该做是该做……的时候了的时候了 12虚拟语气虚拟语气1.1.Alan ___ the party if he had gone to London.Alan ___ the party if he had gone to London. A. would have missed B. had missed A. would have missed B. had missed C. would miss D. missed C. would miss D. missed2.—2.—It was the drugIt was the drug，，not the diseasenot the disease，，that killed that killed the boy.the boy.—He —He would would be be still still alive alive today today if if he he ________ ________ that that drug.drug.A.notA.not take       B. hadn’t taken take       B. hadn’t takenC. didn’t take  D. shouldn’t have takenC. didn’t take  D. shouldn’t have takenExercises13虚拟语气虚拟语气3. If only I ___ to my parents! (But I didn’t.)3. If only I ___ to my parents! (But I didn’t.) A. listened B. had listened A. listened B. had listened C. should listen D. would listen C. should listen D. would listen4. Tom suggested that Ann ___ the house.4. Tom suggested that Ann ___ the house. A. sell B. sold A. sell B. sold C. shall sell D. would sell C. shall sell D. would sell5. I wish this bus ___ to the university now.5. I wish this bus ___ to the university now.A. go B. went C. has gone D. had goneA. go B. went C. has gone D. had gone14虚拟语气虚拟语气6. Simon looks as though he never ___ a square meal(吃得饱吃得饱), though his parents feed him very well.   A. get    B. getting   C. got   D. should get7. He is talking so much about America as if he ___ there.   A. had been   B. were   C. was   D. been8. I ___ you some money, but I hadn’t got any then.    A. would lend        B. would have lent    C. could lend         D. may have lent15虚拟语气虚拟语气9. – Have you ever been to Beijing?    -- No, but I wish I ___.   A. have    B. will    C. do    D. had10. I don’t think it is the right time that you __.    A. will go    B. went   C. go   D. must go11. 11. When a pencil is placed in a glass of water, it looks as if it ＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿. A. breaks            B. has broken     C. were broken       D. had been broken16虚拟语气虚拟语气•12.(2003上上 海海 春春 季季 高高 考考 题题 )Look at the trouble I am in! If only I ________ your advice.•A.followed　　　　　　　　　　　　B.would follow•C.had followed　　            D.should follow•13.(2002上上海海高高考考题题)It is hard for me to imagine what I would be doing today if I ________ in love，，at the age of seven，，with the Melinda Cox Library in my hometown.•A.wouldn’t have fallen       B.had not fallen•C.should fall                          D.were to fall17。