考研英语真题长难句解析结构分析含译文名师版全.docx

考研英语真题长难句解析结构分析含译文名师版Journalistic tastes had changed long before his death, and postmodern readers have little use for the richly upholstered Vicwardian prose in which he specialized.词汇突破：upholster [ʌpˈhoʊlstər]vt. 装饰；用（挂毯、家具等）布置；为（沙发等）装上垫子prose [proʊz]n. 散文；单调adj. 散文的；平凡的；乏味的vi. 写散文；乏味地讲话vt. 把…写成散文结构分析：本句的主干结构是 Journalistic tastes had changed and postmodern readers have little uselong before his death 是时间状语in which he specialized 是定语从句，修饰 prose参考译文：早在他去世之前很久，新闻的品味就已经发生了变化，而后现代的读者对他所擅长的修饰华丽的维多利亚时代的散文几乎不感兴趣。

So few authors have brains enough or literary gift enough to keep their own end up in journalism,” Newman wrote, ”that I am tempted to define ‘journalism’ as ‘a term of contempt applied by writers who are not read to writers who are’.”词汇突破:literary [ˈlɪtəreri]adj. 文学的；书面的；精通文学的contempt [kənˈtempt]n. 轻视，蔑视；耻辱结构分析:句子的主干是 Newman wrote，后面引号后 So few authors have brains enough or literary gift enough to keep their own end up in journalism 为直接引语，that 引导的结果状语从句中的过去分词短语作后置定语修饰 a term of contempt，其中有两个定义从句 who are not read 和 who are 分别修饰 writers。

参考译文:纽曼写道:“很少有作家有足够的才智或文学天赋来保证自己在新闻行业的地位，因此我忍不住将‘新闻’定义为‘不受读者欢迎的作家对受读者欢迎的作家所使用的轻蔑用语’Contrary to the deions on record, no systematic evidence was found that levels of productivity were related to changes in lighting.词汇突破：systematic [ˌsɪstəˈmætɪk]adj. 系统的；体系的；有系统的；[图情] 分类的；一贯的，惯常的productivity [ˌproʊdʌkˈtɪvəti]n. 生产力；生产率；生产能力结构分析：本句的主干结构是 no systematic evidence was foundContrary to the deions on record 是介词短语作比较状语that 引导同位语从句，解释说明 evidence参考译文：与记录中的描述相反，没有系统的证据表明生产力水平与照明的变化有关Instead, the studies ended up giving their name to the “Hawthorne effect", the extremely influential idea that the very act of being experimented upon changed subjects' behavior.词汇突破:influential [ˌɪnfluˈenʃl]adj. 有影响的；有势力的n. 有影响力的人物结构分析:本句的主干结构是 the studies ended up giving their name to the “Hawthorne effect”。

Instead 位于句首，表示转折the extremely influential idea 是 Hawthorne effect 的同位语that the very... behavior 是 idea 的同位语从句，解释说明其内容参考译文:取而代之的是，这些研究最终以“霍索恩效应”（Hawthorne effect）为名，这是一种非常有影响力的想法，即对改变的受试者的行为进行实验的行为。