2018年度高-考~英语真题与~模拟类编-专栏08-语法填空(含内容答案~).doc

2018年高考及最新模拟分类汇编之语法填空2018年高考语法填空【2018·全国I】阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式According to a review of evidence in a medical journal, runners live three years ___61___(long) than non-runners. You don't have to run fast or for long___62___(see)the benefit. You may drink, smoke, be overweight and still reduce your risk of ___63___ (die) early by running. While running regularly cann't make you live forever, the review says it ___64___ (be) more effective at lengthening life___65___ walking, cycling or swimming. Two of the authors of the review also made a study published in 2014___66___showed a mere five to 10 minutes A day of running reduced the risk of heart disease and early deaths from all ___67___(cause).The best exercise is one that you enjoy and will do. But otherwise… it's probably running. To avoid knee pain, you can run on soft surfaces, do exercises to___68___(strength)your leg muscles(肌肉),avoid hills and get good running shoes. Running is cheap, easy and it's always___69___(energy).If you are time poor, you need run for only half the time to get the same benefits as other sports, so perhaps we should all give___70___a try.【答案】61. longer 62. to see 63. dying 64. is 65. than 66. that \which 67. causes 68. strength 69. energetic 70. it \running【解析】本文是一篇说明文。

文章讲述了跑步的好处，它可以帮助人们延年益寿61. 考查副词的比较级医学报告显示：经常跑步的人比不跑步的人多活3年根据than可知用比较级，故填longer62. 考查不定式作目的状语你不必跑地太快或时间太长就能看到它的好处此处不定式作目的状语，故填to see63. 考查动名词你也许喝酒、吸烟或超重，但仍然通过跑步会减少早亡的风险此处of是介词，其后用动名词故填dying64. 考查动词的时态医学报告显示：跑步比散步、骑车和游泳更能有效地延长寿命这里叙述的是一个事实，故用一般现在时故填is65. 考查比较句型跑步比散步、骑车和游泳更能有效地延长寿命根据文章中的more effective可知此处填than 点睛：本文比较难的一个题是10题短语give it a try不容易想出来give a try试试Give sb sth； give sth to sb这些短语学生都很清楚但give后加it或sth的形式，比较少见高考复习要尽可能多的复习相关的短语，尤其是用的比较多，而课本中出现较少的短语2018·全国II】阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式Diets have changed in China — and so too has its top crop. Since 2011,the country ___61___（grow）more corn than rice. Corn production has jumped nearly 125 percent over ___62___ past 25 years, while rice has increased only 7 percent.A taste for meat is ___63___ (actual) behind the change: An important part of its corn is used to feed chickens, pigs, and cattle. Another reason for corn's rise: The government encourages farmers to grow corn instead of rice ___64___ (improve) water quality. Corn uses less water ___65___ rice and creates less fertilizer(化肥) runoff. This switch has decreased ___66___ (pollute) in the country's major lakes and reservoirs and made drinking water safer for people.According to the World Bank, China accounts for about 30 percent of total ___67___ (globe)fertilizer consumption. The Chinese Ministry of Agriculture finds that between 2005—when the government ___68___ (start) a soil-testing program ___69___ gives specific fertilizer recommendations to farmers - and 2011, fertilizer use dropped by 7.7 million tons. That prevented the emission(排放) of 51.8 million tons of carbon dioxide. China's approach to protecting its environment while ___70___ (feed) its citizens "offers useful lessons for agriculture and food policymakers worldwide." says the bank's Juergen Voegele.【答案】61. has grown 62. the 63. actually 64. to improve 65. than 66. pollution 67. global 68. started 69. that/which 70. feeding【解析】本文是一篇说明文。

文中讲述了中国为保护环境在农作物种植上做了一些变化并得到了世界上的知名认识的认可61. 考查时态since加时间点，主句要用现在完成时句意：2011年以来，中国种植的玉米比水稻多故填has grown62. 考查冠词句意：玉米产量在过去25年里增长了近125%，而大米只增长了7%故是特指在过去的25年里故填the 67. 考查词性转换句意：中国约占全球化肥总消费量的30%fertilizer consumption是名词短语，故应该用形容词修饰故填global68. 考查谓语动词句意：在2005年政府开始了一项土壤测试项目本句是when引导的定语从句，由于时间是2005年，故用过去时故填started69. 考查定语从句关系词根据空后的谓语动词gives可知，该空缺少主语，指代program并且引导后面的句子指物用that/which，故填that或者which70. 考查省略句句意：中国在养活了中国人民的同时又保护了环境这一做法为全世界的农业和粮食政策制定人提供了很有用的经验空格处表示正在进行的动作，while后面省略掉了China is，省略句的原则：在时间状语从句、条件状语从句、，让步状语从句中，如果从句的主语和主句的主语一致且含有be动词时，那么可以把主语和be动词一块省略。

故填feeding点睛：学会分析句子成分The Chinese Ministry of Agriculture finds that between 2005 - when the government started a soil-testing program which /that gives specific fertilizer recommendations to farmers - and 2011，fertilizer use dropped by 7.7 million tons. 这句话中有两个定语从句一个是关系副词when引导的定语从句，先行词是2005，the government是主语，a soil-testing program是宾语，故此空缺少谓语动词，我们可以看出时态是一般过去时另一个是关系代词指代program引导的定语从句，先行词是program，gives是第三人称谓语动词，可以看出是考查关系词代指物并作主语，关系词要用that/which2018·全国III】阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式I'm not sure _____61_____ is more frightened, me or the female gorilla(大猩猩）that suddenly appears out of nowhere. I'm walking on a path in the forest in the Central African Republic. Unexpectedly, I'm face-to-face with the gorilla, who begins screaming at ____62____ top of her lungs. That makes her baby scream, and then a 400-pound male appears. He screams the___63___(loud)of all. The noise shakes the trees as the male beats his chest and charges toward me. I quickly lower myself, ducking my head to avoid ____64____(look) directly into。