英语专业四级TEM4 50组近义词辨析.pdf

在学习英语词汇中 有时同义词的辨析是很不容易的 我们一般从三方面进行区分 即 语法 语义和文体 语法主要是词性 搭配 句式等的区分 语义主要是词义的本义 引申义 比喻义和内涵和外延等的区分 文体主 要是正式和非正式 褒义和贬义等的区分 1 路 way Wherever there is room for an object to proceed there is a way road A road is a prepared way for traveling with horses or vehicles path A way suitable to be traveled only by foot passengers or by animals route A route is a line of travel and may be over many roads street A street is in some centre of habitation as a city town or village when it passes between houses of dwellings avenue A avenue is a long broad and imposing 庄严 or principal street 2 时代 期 时期 period It indicates any passage of time great or small an extent of time of any length 时代 time s It refers to a period in history in ancient times in Victoria time 新时代 epoch It indicates a long period of time marked by events or development of a particular kind The first flight into space marked a new epoch in the history of mankind 纪元 era It refers to a very long period of time marked by a particular feature in a great new era of world revolution 时期 age It shows a particular a fairly definite period in history the Bronze Age Iron Age 3 战斗 打仗 fight It is a bodily struggle 奋斗 斗争 struggle An effort of any kind to overcome difficulty 战斗 battle A fight between armed forces 战役 campaign A series of related military operations in a war 战争 war A period of fight between countries or states when weapons are used and many people are killed 对抗 combat A fight conflict controversy 4 牧师 教士 牧师 priest A person esp a man specially trained for various religious duties and ceremonies in the Christian church esp in the Roman Catholic church 牧师 minister A member of clergy esp Protestant churches 牧师 clergy pl The officially appointed leader of the religious activities of a particular church or temple clergyman clergymen pl a member of clergy 牧师 pastor A Christian religious leader in charge of a church and its members esp in a Protestant church 教区牧师 vicar A priest in charge of an area parish in the church of England father A little of respect for a priest esp in the Roman Catholic 5 服装 clothing collect fml General term of clothes clothes no single Coverings of the body such as coats dresses suits shoes hats garment fl A suit of clothes used by actors a single article of clothing costume 1 The fashion of dress peculiar to a people nation class period etc 2 A dress worn by actors in a play uniform worn by all members of the community dress 1 A kind of outer garment worn by women 连衣裙 2 worn on special occasions 礼服 evening dress morning dress suit A set of outer clothes to be worn together evening suit swimming suit coat A garment with sleeves worn on top of other clothes from rain heat etc overcoat A warn coat worn in the street 6 哭 cry The most general one 哭泣 weep To let flow tears 抽泣 抽嗒 sob To weep or sigh with short quick breaths 哭天抹泪 涕泪交流 snivel To sniffle and cry in a irritating manner 哭嚎 又哭又闹 blubber To cry loudly noisily 发出低声报怨声 whine To make a low complaining cry 嚎哭 bawl To utter loud cries always in bad sense 痛哭 wail To cry aloud from pain or sorrow 呻吟 moan To make a low miserable sound in pain or sorrow 呻吟 grown To make a low sound of pain unhappiness or disapproval 哀悼 mourn To feel or show sadness or sorrow for someone who has died 哀悼 lament To express great sorrow or regret 7 美丽 漂亮 good looking Having an attractive appearance in a strong healthy way used for men and women not things beautiful a woman or a thing Suggesting symmetry of features or perfection of proportion elegance and mobility beautiful flowers a beautiful girl voice city face beautiful weather handsome Of attractive appearance applies to men a handsome fellow actor horse buildings young man pretty a girl or a small thing Suggesting liveliness and sweetness pleasing or nice to look at a pretty little woman garden a pretty girl picture piece of music lovely something So beautiful that it makes you feel good to look at it or even to think about it The garden looks lovely fair Beautiful of woman in poet light in color esp skin hair gorgeous persons or things inf Extremely beautiful or handsome 8 拉 拖 pull The most general one draw It implies a smoother steadier motion and generally a lighter force than pull drag It usually refers to horizontal motion or motion up an incline slope and it suggests laborious efforts over rough ground or against friction resistance or gravity The escaped prisoner was dragged out of his hiding place haul It implies continuous pulling or dragging of heavy or bulky objects The fisherman is hauling a net tug It applies to hard often sudden violent effort to pull He tugged at my sleeve to ask directions jerk To pull suddenly He jerked out the knife that was stuck in the wound tow To pull by a rope or chain We towed the car to the nearest garage wrench To pull hard with a twisting or turning movement 9 旋转旋转 turn The most general one 自转自转 spin To turn quickly around a central point It emphasizes the continuity of the action and usually the narrow extent of the ci。