初三英语12讲形容词副词外研版.doc
6页
第十二讲 形容词和副词形容词： 放在Be 和系动词后， 或用来修饰一个名词或代词，说明这个人或物是什么样子的 “…的”Eg. The ball is big. Eg. I feel good. Eg. I’ve a red book. 写出反义词big_________ ；tall_________ ； long _________ ； difficult_________ ；new ________; young_______; good_______; clean _________ ；heavy_________ 形容词的构成：1 . 一些形容词以-y结尾: health____________; wind _________; sun___________; rain___________2 . 一些形容词以--ed 或—ing 结尾: interesting ________ ; interested ________令人疲惫的_________ ； 感到疲惫的_________令人厌倦的_________ ； 感到厌倦的_________3、一些形容词以-ful, -less 等careful_________; 非常有帮助的_________ ; 非常成功的_________careless_________；没有颜色的_________ ; 没有尽头的_________ 形容词的位置：前置：通常放在Be 和系动词后，或所修饰的名词前特例： 后置1. 修饰由some,any, no, every 和thing,body,one 所构成的复合不定代词时,放在代词后面： something easy, nothing difficult, nothing important2. 和数词连接时，说明数词单位： The bridge is 15 meters long, and 5 meters wide.提高题：1. Dolphins are very _______ (friend) to people.2. I exercise a lot to keep ________ (health) every day.3. She is _________ (surprise) that he left Shanghai.4. It’s a beautiful ______ (sun) day. Why not go out for a walk?5. He doesn’t want to be a police officer, because the job is very _________ (danger) 形容词副词的比较级和最高级 big__________ ; expensive_______________ ; popular__________________；wide __________ ;high ____________ ; thin ___________ ; beautiful ______________ many _____________ ; badly___________ 比较级和最高级不规则的词1. big, hot, sad, thin 2.Careful, dangerous, expensive, comfortable, exciting, popular, difficult, beautiful3. 多多少少，好好坏坏，远many/much--more--mostlittle--less—leastgood/well--better--bestbad/badly--worse--worstfar--farther/further--farthest/furthest感官动词： look, sound, smell, taste, feel Eg. They smell bad. Eg. He looks angry.Eg. The shirt feels soft. Eg. It tastes delicious.难点： 1. 形容词最高级前必须有 the, 而副词最高级前有没有the 均可。
2. 范围：one of + 最高级+ 名词复数 eg. Tom is one of the tallest boys in my class. of all eg. Tom is the tallest boy of all. in… eg. Tom is the tallest boy in my class. 3. 比较级 + than any other + 名词单数 Eg. Spanish is more popular than any other language in America. 4. become/ be/grow 比较级+ 比较级 become/ be/ grow more and more + 形容词Eg. It grows hotter and hotter.I am more and more puzzled/ beautiful. 5. the 比较级+ 主语+ 谓语，the 比较级+ 主语+ 谓语： Eg. The more we give, the better they will be.Eg. 我们学得越多就越快乐Eg. 她们越近看上去就越奇怪。
Eg. 她吃得越多， 就越放松6. so… that 和too…to 的转换Eg. I am __excited ____ I can’t say a word.Eg. I am___ excited ___ say a word. Eg. He runs ___ fast ____ be caught.Eg. He runs ___ fast ___ no one can catch him.7. 多个形容词修饰一个名词的顺序思考题：They live in _____________________houses.A. four those grey wooden beautiful B. those four beautiful grey wooden C. those beautiful grey four wooden D. four those beautiful wooden grey口诀： 植树苗，大新颜，（成）国才“美小圆旧黄，中国木书房”注：“美”代表“描述或性质类”形容词；“小”代表“大小、长短、高低、胖瘦类” 形容词；“圆”代表“形状类” 形容词；“旧”代表“新旧、年龄类” 形容词；“黄”代表“颜色类” 形容词；“中国”代表“来源、国籍、地区、出处类” 形容词；“木”代表“物质、材料、质地类” 形容词；“书”代表“用途、类别、功能、作用类” 形容词；“房”代表“中心名词”。
考点： 1.以--ed 或—ing 结尾形容词的差别 2. 形容词要在不定代词后 3. 一些形容词变成比较级最高级的不规则形式 4. 认清范围（用比较级或最高级） 5. 感官动词后接形容词 6．多个形容词修饰一个名词的顺序 副词 ： 用来修饰形容词，动词等， 用来说明时间，方式，程度的Eg. He did the job successfully. Eg. This is a very important day. 构成： 大多数副词，都在形容词后加-ly构成: clearly, loudly, quickly, quietly, finally难点与考点：1.close, fast, enough 形容词和副词同型Eg. I like fast music. Eg. He runs fast.Eg. He is my close friend. Eg. Come close to me. 2. 副词enough要放在形容词的后面 Eg. The room is big enough. 3. good 和 well区别： good 只用作形容词well 既可用作副词，也可用作形容词。
用作形容词时，只表示“健康的 Eg. He speaks good English. Eg. He speaks English well. 他的英语说得好Eg.She is very well. 她身体很好4. very, much, 和very much区别：Very只能修饰形容词和副词的原级，而much只能修饰形容词和副词的比较级，very much 用于修饰动词Eg. Black cat means a bad day. Eg. Thirteen and black cat mean a worse day.Eg. People hate them 5. much too, too much区别：Eg. There are too much immigrants.(移民)Eg. Meat is much too expensive. 6. too, also, eithertoo, also 用于肯定句中，too 在句尾， also 在句中；either用于否定句的句尾too 和either在句尾，用逗号和前句隔开。
7. 人口用large, small 来形容；雨雪的大 用 heavy 来形容 eg. It rained heavily. Eg. It’s a heavy snow.及时练习1. — Are you feeling ____？ — Yes，I’m fine now.A. any well B. any better C. quite good D. quite better2.The math problem was____ easier than we had thought.A. more B. much more C. much D. more much3. Xi’an is one of ______ capital ________ in China.A. older; city B. the older; city C. oldest; cities D. the oldest; cities4. ---Hi, David! Do you think you can learn English well? ---I think I can. But it’s ________ of all the subjects.A. difficult B. the most difficult C. most difficult D. the difficult。
