
考研英语改错题常考要点.doc
22页改错题常考要点一、代词代词中主要讲解六个问题(一) 掌握代词的几种格主格、宾格、所有格名词前面用代词来修饰,只能用所有格(my books)(二) 反身代词当主语和宾语表示同一事物时,宾语使用反身代词He killed himself. (他自杀了)He killed him. (他杀了他)例:Researchers at the University of Colorado are investigatingABa series of indicators that could help Cthemselves to predict earthquakes.D分析:D错,应改为them如果用反身代词themselves,指代对象是从句主语that(即名词indicators),这显然是错误的从句意来看,help的宾语应该是主句主语researchers,故应用代词宾格而不是反身代词注意C并没有错,情态动词could 比can语气弱,表示较小的可能性Indicator为征兆,这些征兆帮助他们来预言地震主语是征兆,后面指研究者,不是同一个事物(三) 代词的单复数,代词的性别在考试中如果代词打横线,代词错误的概率是非常高的,因此代词打横线,应该先看代词有没有错。
例:The continental divide refers to an imaginary line in the North American Rockies(落基山脉)that dividesthe watersflowing into the Atlantic Ocean from it flowing into the ABCDPacific.分析:D错,应改为thoseD指代复数名词waters, it是单数,显然是错误的,根据习惯故改为those注意waters一词并没有错,它指江湖河海中的大片水域,可用复数形式Water作为水是不可数名词,waters表示水域,通常使用复数形式,作主语谓语动词用复数Work作为工作是不可数名词,work作为作品,可数不可数都可以,例如: Many of his works= much of his work, work都表示作品例:In 1920 the presidential candidate Warren Harding coinedAthe word“normalcy”(常态)to express social andBeconomic conditions they promised the nation.CD分析:D错,应改为he。
动作promised是由Warren Harding发出来的,故用第三人称单数he来指代例:Many critics believe that Amy Lwell' s most important Awork is not poetry, but his biography, JohnBC Keats, published the year of her death.D分析:C错,应改为herhis指男性,显然是错误的,应改为her与后面的her同指Amy Lowell.(四) Who和which的区别which指代事物或者动物,who指代人who/whom son往往要改为whose son, whose可以指代事物例:The human body contains more than six hundred muscles whoA B account for approximately forty percent of the body weight.CD分析:B错,应改为which或that先行词不是指人,而是指物,关系代词不能用who,故改为which或that人体前面加定冠词the, account for 占有多大的比例,解释说明(五) that和which的区别介词后面使用which, 而不用that,in that除外例:When television was first introduced,the extent to that it AB would affect society could not have been foreseen.CD分析:B错,应改为which。
The extent to which, 介词加which(引导定语从句),影响社会的程度没有被预见(六) 定语从句的特殊省略Reason后面有定语从句,中间往往省略why, Time后面有定语从句,中间往往省略when I do remember the time I heard the sweetest voice in the wild world.way后面有定语从句,中间省略了in which例:Research on pain has been neglected, although the mainlyAB reason people take medicine is torelieve pain.C D分析:B错,应改为mainmainly为副词,不能个饰后面的名词,故改为形容词main句子中people take medicine修饰reason,定语从句引导词被省略例:mercial expansion from city to suburb hasaffected the way people in the United States----. (A) living and working (B) they live and work (C) live and work (D) to live and to work分析:选择C, the way people....影响了人们生活和工作的方式。
二、介词介词是考试中出现的比较多的一个部分,而其中考的最多的就是介词的固定搭配问题由于篇幅问题,我们在这里仅仅举出几个例题,在说明书手册中我们完整的列出了所有的介词搭配,这些列出的搭配在以前的语法题中出现过,只不过有的时候是正确的选项,有的时候重复考一) 介词搭配例:The teeth in the upper jaw functiontogether those A BCin the lower jaw to cut, tear, and grind food.D分析:和…一起,应该为together with,C错例:The Allegheny (阿勒格尼河)Mountain range is rich of coal. A B CD分析:B错改为be rich in例:The rotation of the Earth on its axis is responsible to the ABCalternation of periods of light and darkness.D分析:C错,应改为responsible for形容词responsible后接名词作宾语时要加介词for。
二) 最重要的两个介词1、介词of 多余或者遗漏例:Mosquitoes usually lay eggs, singly or in batches, on top stagnant water.ABCD分析:D错,应改为top of stagnanton top of …是因定表达法,意为“在…上面”例:Christopher Plummer is a Canadian actorwho has ABstarred in stage, television, and film productions onCboth sides theAtlantic Ocean.D分析:D错,应改为sides of the sides为名词,the Atlantic Ocean也是名词,中间明显少了一个介词2、介词by一种情况表示被动,be+过去分词+by另一种表示通过……的方式, by doing例:The ceremony of marriage in the United StatesABcan beperformed from a justice of the peace.C D分析:D错,应改为performed by。
谓语动词是被动式,performed的动作执行者应该由介词by来引导例:Along the east coast ,American Indian women's councils Acould vetoa declaration of war at refusing to B CD supply moccasins and field rations.分析:D错,应改为by refusing通过拒绝提供鞋子和粮食,表示通过某种方式做某事要用介词by,故将at refusing 改为by refusing例:Algebra is the branch of mathematics concerned with Aoperations on sets of numbers or other elementsBCthat are often represented at symbols.D分析:D错,应改为by动作的发出者应该用介词by来引导三、谓语动词(一) 谓语动词的主谓一致①、主谓分割原则例1:To the citizens of the United States, the bald eagle, AAmerica's national bird, symbolizestrength and freedom.BCD分析:C错,应改为symbolizes。
主语谓语用逗号分割开,主语the bald eagle为单数,谓语动词也应该用单数形式②、与后者一致原则not…but, 强调but后面的名词,not only…but also③、与前者一致原则名词+with/together with/as well as/including+复数名词,谓语用is, 中心词在前面,谓语动词应该与前面的名词保持一致例:The athlete, together withhis coach and ABCseveral relatives, are traveling to the Olympic Games.D分析:D错,与谓语动词与the athlete 保持一致,改为is④、就近原则or, either…or, neither…nor,单数名词+or+复数名词+are如果把句子变为一般疑问句,也就是把be动词提到前面,那么变为is所以注意一点:如果是陈述句,靠后面近,用复数如果是疑问句,靠前面近,用单数例:The structure or behavior of many protozoans(原生动物) are ABamazingly plex for single-celled animals. C D分析:A错,应改为and。
从谓语动词是复数形式判断,主语应该为复数。












