中考被动语态知识点归纳.doc

中考被动语态知识点归纳 一．定义：主语与谓语动词之间存在被动承受关系的语态形式二．用法：1.不明动作执行者时，用被动语态2.没必要指出动作执行者时，用被动语态3.突出或强调动作承受这时，用被动语态三．结构：be+done ❤各种时态中被动语态的句型结构：1. 一般现在时：am/ is/ are done 4.现在进行时：am/ is/ are being done 5.过去进行时：was/ were being done2.一般过去时：was/ were done 6.现在完成时：have/ has been done 7.过去完成时：had been done 3.一般将来时：will be done & am/ is/ are going to be done 8.含情态动词：can/ may/ must/ should be done 四．主动语态变被动语态的方法1.将主动语态中的宾语变为被动语态中的主语2.把谓语动词变成被动语态，时态要和主动语态的时态一致3.主动语态的主语变为介词by的宾语，人称代词主格要变为宾格。

五．主动形式表被动意义的情况1.There be 句型中的不定式用主动表被动意义 eg. There is much work to finish有许多工作要完成2.表感觉或变化的系动词如feel，look，smell，sound，taste, turn, get等用主动表被动意义eg. The cake smells nice. 这个蛋糕闻起来很香3.too…to…结构中的不定式用主动表被动意义 eg. The box is too heavy to carry.这个箱子太重而不能搬动4.be worth doing …值得… ；need doing=need to be done需要… 现在分词用主动表被动意义 eg. The movie is worth watching.这部电影值得看看5.形容词difficult,easy,important,interesting,nice,dangerous等接不定式做状语，不定式用主动表被动意义eg. The problem is easy to work out.这个问题很容易解答出来6.动词sell，write，ride后接well或badly时，主动形式表示被动意义。

eg. The CDs sell well.这些CD卖得很好六．被动语态的几种特殊形式1.一感（feel）二听（listen，hear）三让（make，let，have）四看（look，see， watch，notice）以上动词做谓语动词时，在主动语态中与省略to 的不定时连用，而在被动语态中要与带to的不定时连用，即：主动语态to省略，被动语态to回来eg. I often see him help the old.我经常看到他帮助老人 He is often seen to help the old by me. 他经常被我看到帮助老人2.双宾语变被动语态时，直接或间接宾语均可转化为主语，但直接宾语变主语时，间接宾语前常加上介词for或toeg. Jack bought a gift for me.杰克为我买了一份礼物 A gift was bought for by Jack. 或 I was bought a gift by Jack.3.一些动词短语用于被动语态时，要是为一个整体，不能丢掉其中的介词或副词eg. We must finish the work carefully. 我们必须认真完成这项工作。

The work must be finished carefully by us.4.带有复合宾语的动词变为被动语态时，只变宾语为被动句主语，宾语补足语不变eg. I asked her to go with me.我叫她跟我一起去She was asked to go with me.七．不能用被动语态的情况1.谓语动词为不及物动词或不及物动词短语时，不用被动语态如：happen，take place，take off等2.有些及物动词或短语也无被动语态如：cost，leave，enter，reach，have，wish，belong to，mind等3.宾语为反身代词、相互代词、不定式、现在分词等时，不能变为被动语态5.系动词无被动语态如：be,become,feel,get,look,seem,smell,sound,taste,turn等。