各国客运驾驶人驾驶时间标准.pdf

IOSH94-M318 各國長途客運駕駛工時管理制度之研究 各國長途客運駕駛工時管理制度之研究 Hours of Service Rules for the Long- Distance Bus Drivers in the other Countries 研究主持人：張光億研究主持人：張光億 計畫主辦單位：行政院勞工委員會勞工安全衛生研究所計畫主辦單位：行政院勞工委員會勞工安全衛生研究所 研究期間研究期間：中華民國中華民國 94 年年 4 月至月至 94 年年 12 月月 行政院勞工委員會勞工安全衛生研究所 中華民國行政院勞工委員會勞工安全衛生研究所 中華民國 95 年年 1 月 月 i 摘摘 要要 運輸業中工作時間問題是一項重要的職業安全與衛生的議題，司機超時工作不僅是道路意外發生的主要原因之一，更是攸關交通道路的安全本研究主要目的是瞭解各國長途客運駕駛工時管理制度之研究，包括各國相關長途客運司機工時管理制度以及法規，進而作為我國將來規劃並研擬駕駛勞工工時管理的制度之參考，來達到改善目前駕駛勞工之工時條件，並促進駕駛勞工健康良好之工作環境及狀況 研究結果指出美國、加拿大、歐盟及澳洲地區等國家職業駕駛工時限制規定皆由其國家之交通單位進行完整的管理規範，其中都細分出開車時間及工作時間限制，和休息時間規定。

依照一般駕駛開車及工作時間規定，美國分別規定為 10 及 15小時限制，加拿大則是 13 及 16 小時限制，澳洲地區約是 12 及 14 小時限制，歐盟及英國則是以每週平均工作 48 小時以及單週最多工作時數 60 小時來執行而在亞洲國家方面，無論是日本、韓國、新加坡、香港甚至台灣等國家針對職業駕駛工時部份皆是各國之勞工單位以勞動基準法及勞動條件等事項來規範工時問題，因此多為工作時間為 8 小時 儘管各國細節規定不同，但無論哪個國家皆相當關注駕駛勞工健康及福利問題，尤其特別重視司機在長時間開車工作環境下產生之疲勞問題因此如何在開車時減少疲勞發生保持清醒，則是職業駕駛另要關切的課題，簡單來說擁有足夠的睡眠是最基本的固定生活及工作作息習慣，減少輪班次數，儘量在最清醒的時間開車，並且遵守工作時間規定，不要任意超時工作 關鍵詞：長途客運駕駛、工作時間 ii Abstract The Hours of service among commercial motor-vehicle (CMV) and long-distance bus drivers is a major occupational safety and health issue in the transportation industry. Driver overtime work is not only a major cause of road accidents but also has implications for road safety. This study was conducted to find out the hours of service rules for long-distance bus drivers in the other countries. The contents included information on work time management and hours of service rules for long-distance drivers. With appropriate survey and analysis the results will then be promoting while health and safety workplace for drivers. The hours of service rules can be more improvement in the future in Taiwan. This group of The United State, Canada, Australian, Britain and European Union of specific hours of driving time and duty time were regulated by the Ministry of Transportation. These regulations consist of driving time and duty time limit, and rest period and break time. The revised maximum hours of service regulations were apply to passenger and property carrier drivers of 10 and 15 hours in The United Stated. In Canada the maximum driving hours were 13 and 16 hours. In Australian the maximum driving hours were 12 and 14 hours. Britain and European Union the average working time of one week was 48 hours and the maximum working hours per week was 60 hours. In Asia, regardless of Japan, Korean, Singapore, Hong Kong and Taiwan, the hours of service rules legislate for labor relations and working conditions, and occupational safety and health, and inspection. Then the working time was 8 hours almost. In spite of the hours of service rules for drivers is different in these countries. But the healthy and welfare is the foundation, especially the effect of fatigue-inducing factors in long-distance bus driving worker. Therefore reduce the factors associated with falling asleep at the wheel among long-distance bus drivers is important. It is clear that the best way to manage fatigue is simply to get enough sleep. Plan to drive during times of the day when you're normally awake, and stay overnight rather than travelling straight through and overtime driving. Keywords: Long-distance bus drivers, Hours of service iii 目 錄目 錄 摘要........................................................................................................................................i Abstract .................................................................................................................................ii 目錄......................................................................................................................................iii 表目錄..................................................................................................................................iv 第一章 緒論.......................................................................................................................1 第一節 研究背景...........................................................................................................1 第二節 研究目的...........................................................................................................2 第二章 文獻探討...............................................................................................................3 第三章 研究方法...............................................................................................................7 第四章 結果.......................................................................................................................8 第一節 美國...................................................................................................................8 第二節 歐盟.................................................................................................................11 第三節 英國.................................................................................................................20 第四節 加拿大.............................................................................................................21 第五節 澳大利亞...............。