英语单词各种词缀一览表格.doc

word英 语 单 词各 种 词 性一览表词性尾缀其实很多，大家主要记住最常用的1. 名词后缀　　1)-or/er/ess/crat/cis:做某件事情或职业的人或物：worker, debtor　　2)-acy, 表示"性质，状态，境遇" democracy, accuracy, diplomacy　　3)-ance, -ence表示"性质，状况，行为，过程，总量，程度” importance, diligence, difference, obedience　　4)-ancy, -ency, 表示"性质，状态，行为，过程" frequency, urgency, efficiency,　　5)-bility, 表示"动作，性质，状态" possibility, flexibility, feasibility,　　6)-dom, 表示"等级，领域，状态" freedom, kingdom, wisdom　　7)-hood, 表示"资格，身份, 年纪，状态" childhood, manhood, falsehood　　8)-ion, -sion, -tion, -ation, -ition, 表示"行为的过程，结果，状况" action, solution, conclusion, destruction, expression, correction　　9)-ism, 表示"制度，主义，学说，信仰，行为" socialism, criticism, colloquialism, heroism　　10)-ity, 表示"性质，状态，程度” purity, reality, ability, calamity　　11)-ment, 表示"行为，状态，过程，手段及其结果 treatment, movement, judgment, punishment, argument　　12)-ness, 表示"性质，状态，程度" goodness, kindness, tiredness, friendliness　　13)-ship, 表示"情况，性质，技巧，技能及身份，职业” hardship, membership, friendship　　14)-th, 表示"动作，性质，过程，状态" depth, wealth, truth, length, growth　　15)-tude, 表示"性质，状态，程度" latitude, altitude(海拔)　　16)-ure, 表示"行为，结果" exposure, pressure, failure, procedure(手续)，　　17-grapy, 表示"……学，写法” biography, calligraphy, geography　　18)-ic, ics, 表示"……学……法" logic, mechanics, electronics, linguistics　　19)-ology, 表示"……学……论”biology, zoology, technology(工艺学)　　20)-nomy, 表示"……学……术" astronomy, economy, bionomy(生态学)　　2. 形容词后缀　　(1)带有“属性，倾向，相关”的含义　　1)-able, -ible, visible, flexible　　2)名词-ish, foolish, bookish, selfish(注意acplish, vanish)　　3)-ive, active, sensitive, productive　　4)-like, manlike, childlike　　5)名词-ly, manly, fatherly, scholarly, motherly　　6)-some, troublesome, handsome　　7)-ful, beautiful, wonderful, helpful, truthful　　8)-ous, dangerous, generous, courageous, various　　9)-ent, violent　　10)-most, foremost, topmost　　11)less, 表示否定，countless, stainless, wireless3. 动词后缀　　1)-ize, ise, 表示"做成，变成，……化“modernize, mechanize, democratize, organize　　2)-en, 表示"使成为，引起，使有” quicken, weaken, soften, harden　　3)-fy, 表示"使……化, 使成”beautify, purify, intensify, signify, simplify　　4)-ish, 表示"使，令” finish, abolish, diminish, establish　　5)-ate, 表示“成为……，处理，作用” separate, operate, indicate　　4. 副词后缀　　(形容词)-ly：bad→badly坏地/恶劣地，careful→carefully小心地　　-wise(OE)：clock→clockwise(a./adv.)顺时针方向的(地);like→likewise同样地-wards：out→outwards向外面地，north→northwards向北方地常见词缀一览表词缀含义例词-er人或工具cooker teacher-or人doctor actor-ist……者；……家artist novelist-man人postman chairman-(i)an人；……国人musician Asian-eer……者；……家engineer mountaineer-ee受……者employee interviewee-ese……地方人；……国人Chinese Japanese-mate有……关系人roommate classmate-ance性质，状况，行动，过程，总量appearance performance-encedifference independence-ing动作，职业，东西，器物feeling sightseeing-tioneducation information-siondecision television-ment行为的结果或方式development equipment-age活动，身份，状态，费用，集合marriage shortage-dom状态，领域freedom kingdom-ness性质，状态happiness illness-graph文字，书写autograph paragraph-hood身份，地位，生活状况childhood neighborhood-ics学科或某种活动politics physics-phone声音的工具telephone microphone-ship状态，身份，职务friendship leadership-ism……主义socialism pessimism-ery性质，行为，习惯discovery slavery-al动作，过程arrival denial-ability能力capability availability-ibility能力possibility responsibility-tyloyalty safety-urefailure pleasure-ydifficulty discovery-ology学科biology ecology词缀含义例词-able显示……性质或特点的，可被……的，适于……的fortable suitable-ible（同上）terrible horrible-al属于…的national musical-antimportant pleasant-entdifferent intellight-arynecessary ordinary-ive有……倾向/性质的active attractive-ywindy dirty-edexcited interested-ingexciting interesting-ese……地方或国家的Chinese Japanese-ful充满……的， 具有……性质的careful colorful-ian……地方或国家人的Asian American-ish像或有点……一样的childish selfish-less没有……的careless hopeless-like像……的childlike-ly具有……性质或特点的某……一次的lovely yearly-ous具有……性质的famous serious-en用……做成的woolen wooden-some易于……的，会引起……的troublesome tiresome-icalclassical economical-icclassic economic-freecarefree tax-free-mindedopen-minded absent-minded-ological学科的biological ecological3.动词后缀 词缀含义例词-en使变成widen brighten-ise/ize使成为apologize criticize-(i)fy使成为purify simplify词缀含义例词-ly……地quickly suddenly-ward(s)朝……方向westward backward词缀含义例词dis-不,相反dislike disagree。