SUPPLYCHAINANDLOGISTICS供应链及物流管理课件.ppt

单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,*,SUPPLYCHAINANDLOGISTICS供应链及物流管理,*,PPT,文档演模板,Office,PPT,SUPPLYCHAINANDLOGISTICS供应链及物流管理,2024/8/23,SUPPLYCHAINANDLOGISTICS供应链及物流管理,SUPPLYCHAINANDLOGISTICS供应链及物流管,1,WAY OF TRANSPORT,By sea,By air,By land,Combination of above,INTERNATIONAL TRADE,SUPPLYCHAINANDLOGISTICS供应链及物流管理,WAY OF TRANSPORTINTERNATIONAL,2,A bill of lading (B/L) involves,Shipped bill of lading,Received-for-shipment bill of lading,Unclean bill of lading,Clean bill of lading,Straight bill of lading,Order bill of lading,Negotiable bill of lading,,INTERNATIONAL TRADE,Non-negotiable bill of lading,Through bill of lading,Stale bill of lading,On deck bill of lading,Transshipment bill of lading,Bill of lading in ship’s bag,,SUPPLYCHAINANDLOGISTICS供应链及物流管理,A bill of lading (B/L) involve,3,When to choose by air,When it is the only way available,When valuable goods are being shipped,When delicate goods are being shipped,When goods are physically perishable, such as food, plants and animals,When urgent products are shipped, such as medicine,When economic perishability may exist and market must be tapped quickly,When marketing implementation is critical,When very small shipments are less costly by air than by water,When total cost is cheaper by air than by sea,INTERNATIONAL TRADE,SUPPLYCHAINANDLOGISTICS供应链及物流管理,When to choose by airINTERNATI,4,2000年版《国际贸易术语解释通则》的13种贸易术语,C组,(主要运费已付),卖方的共同义务：1，办理运输的手续和承担运费，在CIF和CIP术语中，卖方还须办理投保手续和承担保险费;2，提交与货物有关的单据或相等的电子单证;3，办理出口手续。

买方的共同义务：1，在CFR何CPT术语下办理投保并支付保险费;2，办理进口手续CFR贸易术语(Cost and Freight)成本加运费，交货地点：装运港船上运输方式：海运内河风险转移：装运港船舷CIF贸易术语(Cost,Insurance and Freight)成本保险加运费，交货地点：装运港船舷运输方式：海运内河风险转移：装运港船舷CPT贸易术语(Carriage Paid To)运费付至，交货地点：交承运人运输方式：各种运输风险转移：交货时CIP贸易术语(Carriage and Insurance Paid to)运费保险费付至，交货地点：交承运人运输方式：各种运输风险转移：交货时D组,(到达),卖方的共同义务：1，负责把货物运至约定的地点或目的地交货;2，卖方必须承担货物运至目的地前的全部风险和费用;3，由卖方办理出口手续，再DDP的情况下，还要办理进口手续买方的共同义务：1，承担货物在目的地交付后的风险和费用2，除DDP术语外，买方应办理进口手续本组的风险转移全部是在：交货时DAF贸易术语(Delivered at Frontier)边境交货，交货地点：边境指定地点交货。

运输方式：路上运输DES贸易术语(Delivered EX Ship)目的港船上交货，交货地点：目的港船上运输方式：海运内河DEQ贸易术语(Delivered EX Quay)目的港码头交货，交货地点：目的港码头运输方式：海运内河DDU贸易术语(Delivered Duty Upaid)未完税交货，交货地点：制定目的地运输方式：各种运输DDP贸易术语(Delivered Duty Paid)完税交货，交货地点：指定目的地运输方式：各种运输E组,(发货),EXW贸易术语(EX works)工厂交货，卖方义务：交货义务，承担交货前的风险和费用买方义务：必须承担在卖方所在地受领货物的全部费用和风险，办理出口结关手续交货地点：卖方工厂运输方式：各种运输风险转移：交货时F组,(主要运费未付),卖方共同义务：1，履行交货义务;2，办理出口结关手续;3，向买方提交与货物有关的单证或相等的电子单证买方共同义务：1，办理货物的运输和保险;2，办理货物进口手续FCA贸易术语(Free Carrier)货交承运人，交货地点：交承运人运输方式：各种运输风险转移：交货时FAS贸易术语(Free Along Side)船边交货，交货地点：装运港船边。

运输方式：海运内河风险转移：交货时FOB贸易术语(Free On Board)船上交货，交货地点：装运港船上运输方式：海运内河风险转移：装运港船舷,INTERNATIONAL TRADE,SUPPLYCHAINANDLOGISTICS供应链及物流管理,2000年版《国际贸易术语解释通则》的13种贸易术语INTE,5,2010年版《国际贸易术语解释通则》中的两类11个术语,第一类：适用于任何运输方式,CIP - Carriage and Insurance Paid 运费/保险费付至目的地,CPT - Carriage Paid To 运费付至目的地,DAP - Delivered At Place 目的地交货,DAT - Delivered At Terminal 目的地或目的港的集散站交货,DDP - Delivered Duty Paid 完税后交货,EXW - Ex Works 工厂交货,FCA - Free Carrier 货交承运人,,第二类：适用于海运和内河运输,CFR - Cost and Freight 成本加运费,CIF - Cost, Insurance and Freight 成本保险费加运费,FAS - Free Alongside Ship 装运港船边交货,FOB - Free On Board 装运港船上交货,,INTERNATIONAL TRADE,SUPPLYCHAINANDLOGISTICS供应链及物流管理,2010年版《国际贸易术语解释通则》中的两类11个术语INT,6,Finance of export involves,Bill of exchange(汇票）,Collection arrangement（托收）,Letter of credit(L/C)（信用证）,INTERNATIONAL TRADE,SUPPLYCHAINANDLOGISTICS供应链及物流管理,Finance of export involvesINTE,7,INTERNATIONAL TRADE,SUPPLYCHAINANDLOGISTICS供应链及物流管理,INTERNATIONAL TRADESUPPLYCHAIN,8,INTERNATIONAL TRADE,Kinds of letters of credit,Clean credit,Documentary credit,Revocable credit,Irrevocable credit,Confirmed credit,Unconfirmed credit,Sight credit,Usance credit,Payment credit,Deferred payment L/C,Acceptance credit,Negotiation credit,Revolving credit,Transferable credit,Non-transferable credit,Red clause credit,Back-to-back credit,Reciprocal credit,SUPPLYCHAINANDLOGISTICS供应链及物流管理,INTERNATIONAL TRADEKinds of le,9,Arbitration of international trade,UNCITRAL-United Nations Commission on International Trade Law联合国国际贸易法委员会,The ICC Court of Arbitration-International Chamber of Commerce国际商会仲裁院,The London Court of International Arbitration,The International Center for the Settlement of Investment Disputes,INTERNATIONAL TRADE,SUPPLYCHAINANDLOGISTICS供应链及物流管理,Arbitration of international t,10,Decisions of SCM,Strategic-long time, company strategy, guide supply chain policies from a design perspective,Operational-short time , day-to-day operations,Effort should be efficient and effective,SUPPLY CHAIN MANAGEMENT,SUPPLYCHAINANDLOGISTICS供应链及物流管理,Decisions of SCMSUPPLY CHAIN M,11,Major decision areas in SCM,Location,Production(products, which plants to produce, allocation of suppliers to plants, plants to DC’s, DC’s to customer markets.,Inventory, buffer against uncertainty,Transportation(distribution),There are both strategic and operational elements in each of these decision areas,SUPPLY CHAIN MANAGEMENT,SUPPLYCHAINANDLOGISTICS供应链及物流管理,Major decision areas in SCMSUP,12,SCM and Technology,To take the customer as the center,To emphasize the core business and competition of the business enterprise,The double that helps to make wins the principle mutually,To turn excellent the information,Wireless and location technologies as well as FRID are most innovative technologies situated to transform the business of moving products around the globe.,SUPPLY CHAIN MANAGEMENT,SUPPLYCHAINANDLOGISTICS供应链及物流管理,SCM and TechnologySUPPLY CHAIN,13,Logistics management is that part of supply chain management that plans, implements, and controls the efficient, effective forward and reverse flow and storage of goods, services and related information between the point of origin and the point of the consumption in order to meet customers’ requirements,,Logistics Management,SUPPLYCHAINANDLOGISTICS供应链及物流管理,Logistics management is that p,14,Four features:,Customer satisfaction as the most important goal.,Focusing on the whole optimization of the company,Centering on information,Emphasizing outcome as well as efficiency,Logistics Management,SUPPLYCHAINANDLOGISTICS供应链及物流管理,Four features:Logistics Manage,15,Modern logistics is the combination of the flow of product, information, funds and laborers. Logistics management includes three main aspects,The management of logistics activities such as transport and storage.,The management of elements in the logistics system; i.e. laborers, funds, matter and information.,The management of concrete functions in logistics including planning, quality, technology and finance.,Logistics Management,SUPPLYCHAINANDLOGISTICS供应链及物流管理,Modern logistics is the combin,16,The management of Elements in the Logistics System,Laborers. Laborers are the most important element in logistics management,Fund. Funds act as the media of logistics service,Matter. It refers to the objects that the logistics system works on, i.e. products and labor instruments and means such as logistics facilities, tools and expendable material.,Information. Plan, forecast and dynamic intelligence compose the contents of information.,Logistics Management,SUPPLYCHAINANDLOGISTICS供应链及物流管理,The management of Elements in,17,Warehouse management,Basic components of a warehouse,Space,Equipment,people,Warehouse functionality,Consolidation,Break bulk and cross dock,Processing and postponement,stockpiling,SUPPLYCHAINANDLOGISTICS供应链及物流管理,Warehouse managementBasic comp,18,Warehouse management,WMS directs the operations that feed components and raw materials to production,Functional area,WMS characteristics,Receiving,Basic receiving(Routines for processing unplanned inbound orders),-Conventional(operater/Lift truck),Advanced ship notice(ASNs) or Purchase order receiving,-Conventional (Operator/lift truck),-Automatic (Scanners/Conveyors),Storage/ putaway (上架）,Dedicated, random or hybrid storage,System or operator location selection,Crossdocking,Put confirmation via Radio Terminal,SUPPLYCHAINANDLOGISTICS供应链及物流管理,Warehouse managementWMS direct,19,Functional area,WMS characteristics,Inventory Management,Routine & Exception-Driven Cycle counting,Rules-based stock rotation (FIFO, LIFO),Order processing/picking,Order Grouping &release Prioritization,Order, wave or batch picking,Pick confirmation via Radio terminal,Shipping,Order Consolidation & Staging(阶段）,Trailer Load Sequence Management,Shipping Check Lists,Manifests, Bills of Lading,Warehouse management,SUPPLYCHAINANDLOGISTICS供应链及物流管理,Functional areaWMS characteris,20,Advanced WMS’ support,QC Sampling & Movement to inspection,Inventory Relocation/Consolidation,Forward Pick Area Replenishment,Task interleaving(交叉，交错）,Shelf Life Monitoring,Lot and serial number tracking(追溯性）,Automated material handling equipment interface,Inventory quarantine, allocation, release,Carrier scheduling/yard management(停车场管理）,Manifesting /freight rating subsystems,Compliance labeling,Labor standards performance monitoring,Order planning & scheduling,Kitting(备件上线，备货） /Pick & Pack,Order/shipment planning & scheduling,,,,Warehouse management,SUPPLYCHAINANDLOGISTICS供应链及物流管理,Advanced WMS’ supportWarehouse,21,Trend in warehousing management,RFID-frequency identification,Transport management system,Pick-to-light technology,Voice-activated receiving and packaging,3PL providers try to cut costs and management issues by outsourcing their warehouse and distribution functions.,Warehouse management,SUPPLYCHAINANDLOGISTICS供应链及物流管理,Trend in warehousing managemen,22,Types of inventory(stock),Everything you use to make your products, provide your services and to run your business is part of your inventory.,,Inventory control,Items,Description,remarks,Raw materials and components,Ready to use in production,Work in process,Inventory of unfinished goods,Finished goods ready for sale,consumables,For example, fuel and stationary,SUPPLYCHAINANDLOGISTICS供应链及物流管理,Types of inventory(stock)Inven,23,Keeping a little and no inventory,,Inventory control,Advantages,Disadvantages,Efficient and flexible,Meeting inventory needs can become complicated and expensive,Lower inventory and storage costs,You might run out of inventory if there is a hitch(故障） in the system,You can keep up-to-date and develop new products without wasting inventory,You might dependent on the efficiency of your suppliers,SUPPLYCHAINANDLOGISTICS供应链及物流管理,Keeping a little and no invent,24,Keeping lots of inventory also has both advantages and disadvantages,Inventory control,Advantages,Disadvantages,Easy to manage,Higher inventory, storage and insurance costs,Low manage costs,Certain goods might perish,You never run out,Inventory may become obsolete before it is used,Buffer the uncertainty,Your capital is tied up,SUPPLYCHAINANDLOGISTICS供应链及物流管理,Keeping lots of inventory also,25,Inventory levels depend on type of inventory.,,Inventory control,Raw materials and components,Work in process,Finished goods,ready for sale,Comsumables,How reliable is the supply?,Demand is certain,Reliability of supply,Are the components produced or delivered in batches,Goods are produced in batches,Expectations of price rises,Can you predict demand?,You are completing a larger order,How steady demand is,Is the price steady?,Discounts for buying in bulk,Are there discounts if you buy in bulk?,SUPPLYCHAINANDLOGISTICS供应链及物流管理,Inventory levels depend on typ,26,Inventory control methods-decide what, when and how much to order,Minimum inventory level – you identify a minimum inventory level, and re-order when inventory reaches that level. This is known as Re-order Level (ROL),Inventory review-you have regular reviews of inventory. At every review you place an order to return inventory to a predetermined level,Just in Time(JIT)-There is a risk of running out of stock, and quality may have problem.,,Inventory control,SUPPLYCHAINANDLOGISTICS供应链及物流管理,Inventory control methods-deci,27,Re-order lead time,Economic Order Quantity(EOQ),Batch Control,First in, first out,Checking inventory-rolling (cycle) stocktaking-annual and mid-year stocktaking,Increase inventory turns增加库存周转,Stock Turnover库存周转,TOR = turnover rate周转率,Inventory control,SUPPLYCHAINANDLOGISTICS供应链及物流管理,Re-order lead timeInventory co,28,Inventory and pricing data integrating with accounting and invoicing systems,Automatic inventory monitoring, triggering orders when the re-order level is reached,Automatic batch control if you produce goods in batches,Identifying the cheapest and fastest suppliers,Bar-coding systems which speed up processing and recording.,Inventory control,Inventory control system,SUPPLYCHAINANDLOGISTICS供应链及物流管理,Inventory and pricing data int,29,Multiple prices for items,Prices in different currencies,Automatic updating, selecting groups of items to update, single-item updating,Using more than one warehouse,Ability to adapt to your changing needs,Quality control and batch tracking,Integration with other packages,Multiple users at the same time,Inventory control,Selecting a system,SUPPLYCHAINANDLOGISTICS供应链及物流管理,Multiple prices for itemsInven,30,Inventory control administration,Delivery and supplier notes for incoming goods,Purchase orders, receipts and credit notes,Return notes,Requisitions and issue notes for outgoing goods,Inventory can tie up a large slice of your business capital. So accurate information about inventory levels and values is essential for your company accounting.,Inventory control,SUPPLYCHAINANDLOGISTICS供应链及物流管理,Inventory control administrati,31,Large, jet-powered airplanes require long run-way for takeoffs and landings,AWB-Air Waybill, non-negotiable,The AWB is issued usually in a set of twelve copies. Copies 1, 2 and 3 of AWB are originals and have the same validity.,Copy 1-Original for Carrier,Copy 2-Original for Consignee,Copy 3-Original for Shipper,COD-cash on delivery 货到付款,In air freight, the exporter (the consignor) often engages a freight forwarder or consolidator to handle the forwarding of goods.,Air transportation,SUPPLYCHAINANDLOGISTICS供应链及物流管理,Large, jet-powered airplanes r,32,Transshipment indicated in Air Waybill,if the AWB indicates transshipment will or may take place, then the transshipment is allowed even if the L/C prohibits transshipment, provided that the entire carriage is covered by one and the same air waybill.,Split Shipment,the split shipment means that portions of a shipment covered by one air waybill enter the country at different times.,Air transportation,SUPPLYCHAINANDLOGISTICS供应链及物流管理,Transshipment indicated in Air,33,Types of Air Waybill,Master and House Air Waybill,Clean versus Foul Air Waybill,Foul Air waybill-unclean air waybill, dirty air waybill or claused air waybill is the opposite of the clean air waybill.,COD-货到付款 house air waybill(HAWB) 航空分提单,Master air waybill(MAWB) 航空主提单,General cargo rates(GCR) 普通货物费率,Special cargo rates(SCR) 特殊货物费率,Class rate(CR) 分类费率,International Air Transport Association; IATA国际航空运输协会,Air transportation,SUPPLYCHAINANDLOGISTICS供应链及物流管理,Types of Air WaybillAir transp,34,Chargeable weight,weight of some light things depends on the volume. Volume/6000 or 5000(depends on the airline companies) = kg , forwarder will choose the heavier one to calculate the freight.,Minimum charge,for any consignment no charge less than this minimum charge shall be paid to the carrier. Theoretically speaking, it represents the level below which it would be uneconomical to transport a consignment, taking into account the fixed costs involved in handling even a small package. Therefore, no chargeable weight needs to be indicated on an air waybill when the minimum charge is entered in the rate charge column.,Air transportation,SUPPLYCHAINANDLOGISTICS供应链及物流管理,Chargeable weightAir transport,35,Maritime transportation,Cargo refers to the goods carried aboard the ship for hire, while freight refers to the compensation the ship or charterer receives for carrying the cargo. Nowadays freight has more general meaning which refers to money paid to carrier or shipment,Maritime freight is conventionally considered in two categories, bulk cargo and break-bulk cargo,Trump n. 王牌，将牌 vt. 出王牌,Trump up捏造，编造,Come up trump （出人意料地）令人满意，格外地慷慨大方或帮忙=turn up trump,Take the moment and make it perfect 抓住当前，活在当下,To be is to do. 活着就是奋斗,SUPPLYCHAINANDLOGISTICS供应链及物流管理,Maritime transportationCargo r,36,Maritime transportation,Deadweight, maritime traffic is commonly measured in deadweight tons(dwt), which refers to the amount of cargo that can be loaded on an empty ship, without exceeding its operational design limits. This limit is often identified as a loadline, which is the maximal draft of the ship,Slot, bay, tier 列，行，层,Pool vessel on the main commercial route, 在主要路径上拼车,Trade-off 交换，协定，交易，平衡,Mitigate 减轻,Conversely 相反地,Copycat 盲目模仿者，无主见的人,SUPPLYCHAINANDLOGISTICS供应链及物流管理,Maritime transportationDeadwei,37,演讲完毕，谢谢听讲,!,再见，see you again,2024/8/23,SUPPLYCHAINANDLOGISTICS供应链及物流管理,演讲完毕，谢谢听讲!再见，see you again2023,38,。