托福经典加试：苏二妹(英文版)全题目.doc

这个大家再不推，就没天良了啦 4 K) e7 [' l! u6 U$ D& d% g3 s- }7 L' |科学家惊奇的发现，两种文明可以在同一时间产生在埃及文化产生时，美索不达米亚文化也同时应运而生埃及土地肥沃，造成它的独立所致美索不达米亚两河流域，地理环境特殊，四周沙漠什么的，老被侵略，所以都是一个城邦一个城邦的，美索不达米亚文化不像埃及文化一样，美索不达米亚文化没有留下很多遗产当初美索不达米亚的居民生活安逸，所以一直没有人提出统一的想法，很久以后才有，可是由于大量的花费在战争上，很快就覆灭了由于当时的环境条件，那里的人们都用泥土/木头盖房子，所以和埃及不一样，现在没找到什么当初留下的建筑物但是挖出了许多陶器石板，上面刻着文字，考古学家只能从挖掘出来的文物中研究其历史后来讲苏美尔人在两河地区建立的文明的特点，特别是他们城邦的宗教神祗制度，影响了他们的经济制度（献纳） 大题目是分类题，比较埃及文明和苏美尔文明 ! x& w6 D" e: H. C& [% h, u8 i3 vSumerian Civilization- j7 A% a. v b+ q6 B( b5 \" y& [1* A6 l6 t; ^" Z. DIt is an astonishing fact that human civilization should have emerged into the light of history in two separate places at just about the same time. Between 3,500 and 3,000 B.C. when Egypt was being united under pharaonic rule, another great civilization arose in Mesopotamia, the “land between the rivers.” And for close to three thousand years, the two rival centers retained their distinct characters, even though they had contact with each other from their earliest beginnings, and their destinies were interwoven in many ways. The pressure that forced the inhabitants of both regions to abandon the pattern of Neolithic village life may well have been the same. But the valley of the Tigris and Euphrates rivers, unlike that of the Nile, is not a narrow fertile strip protected by desert on either side. It resembles a wide, shallow trough with few natural defenses, crisscrossed by two great rivers and their tributaries, and is easily encroached upon from any direction. (摘录自新托福真经班讲义)5 h L5 c0 w% N" n/ A, V: t0 Z- x3 X3 M0 x: s+ P; ^) c! ?! u% |$ {! u8 t& f5 F1.+ d1 R/ f! w( x2 B6 wThe word astonishing in the passage is closest in meaning to8 D# x" Z; y$ G; K$ w(A) important) \' Z( {1 }) c9 V* |(B) unknown(C) amazing(D) interesting: G3 r8 f7 F( V- P2.Which of the sentences below best expresses the essential information in the highlighted sentence in the passage? Incorrect choices change the meaning in important ways or leave out essential information.! |9 i9 X- C8 `(A) A great civilization arose in Mesopotamia, the “land between the rivers” 1 X# G" u+ s& x8 q. Cunder pharaonic rule.(B) Egypt and another great civilization both developed in Mesopotamia 7 b( }1 V7 I2 bbetween 3500 and 3000 B.C.(C) A great civilization arose in Mesopotamia between 3500 and 3000 B.C. at; n# H c" p# X! `5 G7 Rthe same time that ancient Egypt was being united.3 K3 p* r; |+ M. R0 T1 W2 `(D) As Egypt was being united under paranoiac rule, a great civilization arose # q9 B3 N& l4 @" T$ E# o" V& ^, qthere.8 E7 N+ d# Y Y/ V' @; k1 E. ?) ?" s m. A1 Z" f3.+ ~( Y: R4 f) e$ s+ S+ kThe phrase its substance refers to. [; e, g6 @/ |, R' l(A) the political history of ancient Mesopotamia(B) divine kingship(C) Egypt(D) the sudden collapse of military power k2 e- b) A: ?6 O) a% m2 g+ f! H# F" Z T1 _! F# ~4." u- v& n9 E) K n- V( MThe word obscure in the passage is closest in meaning to(A) unclear(B) unique(C) controversial(D) important3 m6 Q1 k4 u3 Y: X) ^1 w$ Z$ V1 ~: l5 e+ T. |! {4 [5 I( f) {5.+ @1 K! x$ J- o- H4 [/ AThe author mentions Nor did they share the Egyptians’ concern with the hereafter, in order to& b2 d1 p; v! R4 t(A) To provide one explanation for the relatively few physical remains of 9 C; u7 t6 v& w0 L9 Z, K4 |2 g5 r3 N3 J" q4 M1 o: _ancient Sumerian society.(B) To explain why ancient Sumerian built with mud brick and wood rather than , \* ~3 @4 Y* H# p `2 J/ d/ {with stone.(C) To help account for the fact that tombs and vaulted chambers have been ( u( [+ I6 ]. b7 H. y! }$ Z5 G& Ufound only at Ur.* e- u8 ^8 }2 c2 d7 E(D) To counter the claim that all ancient societies paid great attention to the ! w' Z4 V ^+ k5 U+ Bafterlife.6.According to the passage, it can be inferred that the City of Ur is located in(A) Egypt(B) Persia( W1 P/ J0 ]* h* r! M3 o" k- A2 D(C) northern Mesopotamia" a; r- Q o( j' N" }5 X: y4 S. V(D) near the confluence of Tigris and Euphrates7.The word vast in the passage is closest in meaning to% X e. P3 h& r" G" L2 w(A) random(B) very large(C) surprising9 B% d. k1 O. o" N. M( Z) L! F(D) relatively small) a, {9 i2 G1 x8 x, e' B7 }; B1 J3 O: e$ B5 R6 W+ [3 d8.$ R9 B V6 ]* ^+ y# w- VAccording to paragraph 2 and 3, the physical characteristics of Mesopotamia affected Sumerian civilization in all of the following ways EXCEPT(A) Foreign invasions were made easy.(B) Creating and maintaining political stability was made difficult.(C) Continuity of cultural and artistic traditions could not be achieved.7 X) O% s4 C3 E# ^: e0 s7 Q& g1 o(D) Sumerian architecture could not produce long-lasting structures." L0 d# Z* P/ b! Q g+ v4 Y# X5 S0 J; Q1 ]8 ^' A9.; V; P1 s$ p* C" DLook at the four[■]that indicate where the following sentence could be added to the passage.Click on a square[■]to add the sentence to the passage., _8 k& ?! Z0 E) xDespite these achievements, scholars know much less about Sumerian life than they would like.Where would the sentence best fit?3 a$ g4 Y1 G; m2 W% x M) z' z8 。