现在完成时与一般过去时的比较.ppt

                 现在完成时与一般过去时的比较                the present perfect tense & the simple past tense 泰安中学初二备课组泰安中学初二备课组概念概念:v一般过去时表示在过去某个时间发生的动词或存在的状态，也表示过去经常或反复发生的动作e.g.   He came here yesterday.v现在完成时表示过去的动作（或状态）对现在产生的影响和结果e.g.   He has broken his bottle.一般过去时和现在完成时的区别：1）构成不同Tom went to London last year.Lily has been to London twice.一般过去时的谓语动词用过去式过去式，现在完成时的谓语用“助动词have /has +过去分词” 一般过去时和现在完成时的区别：一般过去时和现在完成时的区别：现在完成时是表示过去的动作与现在的联系，主要说明的是现在的情况和状态；而一般过去时则强调动作发生在过去某一时间，与现在不发生联系.e.g. ①We haven‘t seen him since last year.    我们自从去年以来一直未见到他。

现在还未见到）②We didn‘t see him last year.                    我们去年没见到他现在不一定未见到）③Who￿has￿opened￿the￿door?￿￿￿￿￿￿￿￿￿￿￿￿￿￿￿￿￿￿谁把门开了？（现在门还开着）￿④Who￿opened￿the￿door?￿￿￿￿￿￿￿￿￿￿谁开的门？￿(指过去，与现在无关现在门是关着还是开着，没有说明)￿⑤—￿Have￿you￿had￿your￿lunch?￿￿￿￿￿￿￿￿￿￿￿￿￿￿￿￿￿￿￿￿￿￿￿￿￿￿你吃过午饭没有？￿（意即你现在不饿吗？）￿￿￿￿￿￿￿￿￿￿￿￿—￿Yes,￿I￿have.￿吃了￿￿￿￿￿￿￿￿￿￿￿￿￿￿￿￿￿￿￿￿￿￿￿￿￿￿￿￿￿￿￿￿￿￿￿￿（意即我现在饱了，不要再吃了￿￿￿￿￿￿￿￿￿￿￿￿—￿When￿did￿you￿have￿it?￿￿￿￿￿￿￿￿￿￿￿￿￿￿￿你什么时候吃的？￿￿（说话人感兴趣的是“吃”这一动作发生在时2）用法不同 I had supper an hour ago．我一小时前吃的晚饭表示过去的动作） I have just had supper．我刚刚吃过晚饭。

强调对现在的影响———我不饿） He was a teacher then．他那时是个教师表示过去的状态） He has been a teacher since then．他从那时起一直当教师他现在还是教师）一般过去时的时间状语：一般过去时的时间状语： yesterday, once, last week, ... ago, in 1980, in October, just now等具体的时间状语具体的时间状语 现在完成时的时间状语：现在完成时的时间状语： for, since, so far, ever, never, just, yet, till, up to now, always等不确定的时间状语不确定的时间状语 一般过去时和现在完成时的区别：3）所用时间状语不同 The children went to the zoo last Sunday．           上星期天，孩子们去了动物园 I haven‘t read the book before．                            我以前没看过这本书 They lived here in 1980．                                       他们一九八○年住在这里。

 一般过去时常与具体的时间状语连用，现在完成时常与模糊的时间状语连用，或无时间状语Make up sentences, please! go last yeareat this morningleave yesterdaygive a moment agoride just nowwrite last nightcatch when I was only 10make a mistake the day before yesterdaypay the next morningsweep after classLast SundayCorrect the passage:Last Sunday, Ted and his father are at home. They movd to a new house. His father wantted to put the books in some boxes, but he can’t find any boxes. Ted telled him the boxes was in the next room. Then he bought these boxes to his father. movedwantedcouldn’ttoldwere broughtwereExercises for the present perfect tense:7. Is Tom doing his homework? No, he ___________his homework already.(finish)8. Do you know Miss King? No, but I ______________ her before .(hear of)9. What about the film? Sorry, I don’t know. I ___________ it yet. (see)10. ________ you ever _________ to the Great Wall? No, never. ( go)11. How does he get on with his classmate? Oh, he ___________ a lot these days. (change)12. Help yourself , please. No, thanks. I’m full. I _____ just _____ three eggs.(eat)alreadyhas finishedbeforehave heared ofyethaven’t seeneverneverHavebeenthese dayshas changedjusthaveeatenChoose the right answer,please! ( ) 1.How long has Mr Turner worked in this school? A.30 years. B. Since it was open. C.5 years. ( ) 2.What month is it now? A. October. B. November. C. December. ( ) 3.Who’s ill in hospital? A. Kate. B. Mr Wu. C. Linda. ( ) 4.How long has the man been here? A. One year. B. half a year. C. Three months. ( ) 5.What is the teacher doing? A. Talking to a parent. B. giving a maths lesson. C. Playing basketball.CBCBA练习1. --I have seen the film "Titanic" already.    --When ____  you ____   it?    A. have, seen       B. will see               C. did, see              D. did, seen2. Mr. Black ____   in China since five years ago.     A. lived               B. has lived              C. lives               D. is going to live3. - -- ______ Uncle Wang ______ (mend) the TV yet?    ---Yes, he______.     ---When _____ he _____ it?    --- Yesterday.4. ---I ________ (see) the film "Chicken Run".    --- Where and when ________ you _______ (see) it?  --- Last week.5. ---____ you _____ (see) the film last night?    ---No, I _____ (see) it for several times.6. ---_______ you _______ (return) the book to the library?    --- Not yet. But I _________ (return) it this afternoon..7. Is Tom doing his homework? No, he ___________his homework already.(finish)8. Do you know Miss King? No, but I ______________ her before .(hear of)9. What about the film? Sorry, I don’t know. I ___________ it yet. (see)10. ________ you ever _________ to the Great Wall? No, never. ( go)11. How does he get on with his classmate? Oh, he ___________ a lot these days. (change)12. Help yourself , please. No, thanks. I’m full. I _____ just _____ three eggs.(eat)练习Further exercises:1.￿I￿am￿busy￿these￿day.￿￿I￿_____￿(not￿go)￿￿to￿the￿cinema￿for￿weeks.2.￿The￿boy￿is￿happy￿because￿he￿_____￿(sell)￿out￿all￿the￿newspapers.3.￿They￿______￿(live)￿in￿Shanghai￿since￿1991.4.￿Great￿changes￿______￿(take￿place)￿in￿our￿country￿￿since￿1949.5.￿Miss￿Jane￿_______￿(teach)￿us￿last￿year.￿￿She￿____(teach)￿in￿our￿school￿for￿4￿years.6.￿￿She￿￿______￿￿already￿______(do)￿her￿homework.￿￿￿￿￿She￿_______(do)￿￿it￿yesterday￿evening.7.￿￿----_________￿you￿ever￿______￿to￿London?￿￿￿￿￿----Yes,￿￿I￿￿have.￿￿￿￿￿----When￿_____￿you￿￿____￿(go)￿there?￿￿￿￿￿￿----Last￿year.8.￿￿Who￿_______￿(take)￿my￿dictionary￿away?￿I￿can’t￿￿find￿it￿everywhere.9.￿￿￿It￿_______￿ten￿years￿since￿I￿______(leave)￿china.10.￿￿A￿lot￿of￿trees￿￿________￿(cut)￿down￿in￿the￿last￿300￿hundred￿years.Use the given words to make a dialogue, please!Shanghai, once , last yearan old man, help , yesterday, many timesJoin the League, last month, for a monthThank you!。