英文字母及组合发音规律.doc

精品文档，仅供学习与交流，如有侵权请联系网站删除常见的字母与字母组合发音规则（I） 元音字母及元音字母组合拼读规则元音字母的发音（一） 元音字母a1. 重读开音节 [ei] paper ; late ; make ; lake ; face2. 重读闭音节 [æ] bag ; fat ; cat ; ladder ; mass（*例外：any一些[e] ;many许多[e]）3. 非重读音节 [ə]或[i] 即：[ə]—— ago ; along ; among ; above ; aloud[i]—— comrade ; village ; manager ； palace ; private ；necklace*连续相同的辅音（字母），一般只发一个音，而且归属后一个音节段如上的ladder,village .4.在字母w或wh后面 ，发[ɔ] was ; wash ; what ; want ; (*例外：water水[ɔ:])5.a在诸如-ance;-ask;-ass;-ast;-ath组合里,重读时均发[a:]即：dance ;France ; chanceask ;mask ;task ;basketclass ;grass ;glass ;pass ;——（*例外：mass[æ]）fast ;cast ;past ;last ;master ;father ;path ;bath ;——(*例外：maths[æ])(二)元音字母e1.重读开音节 [i:] me ;he ;she ;these ;evening2.重读闭音节 [e] hen ;get ; set ;tell ; echo3.非重读音节 [i] useless ;ticket ;basket ;pocket ;before ;below ;（三）元音字母i或y1.重读开音节 [ai] China ; try ; my ; hi ; time ; guide;2.重读闭音节 [i] sit ; hit ; ill ; little ; system ;3.非重读音节 [i] unit ;study(四)元音字母o1.重读开音节 [əu] no ; so ; go ; home ; photo ;2.重读闭音节 [ɔ] not ; hot ; box ; fox ; cock ; cost ;3.非重读音节 [ə] purpose ; concern4.o在字母m,n,v或th之前，均发[ʌ] son ; month ; come ; ton ; (*例外：Tom[ɔ]) love ; dove ; glove ; above ; another mother ; brother ; become ; some 5.两个单词：woman[‘wu-mən]女人（单数） ; women[‘wi-min]女人（复数）（五）元音字母u1.重读开音节 [ju:] pupil ; student ; use ; cube2.重读闭音节 [ʌ]或[u]即：[ʌ]——cut ; luck ; umbrella ; us [u]——put ; full ; pull4. 非重读音节 [ə] autumn ;August ; support●元音字母组合的拼读规则（一）元音字母a的字母组合1.ai或ay在重读音节中 [ei] rain ; train ; brain ; pain day ; may ; play ; stay ; lay*ay在非重读音里[i]或[ei] Sunday ; Monday ; Tuesday ; Thursday ; Friday 2. al+绝大多数辅音字母 [ɔ:] small ; wall ; call ; talk ; walk ；chalk3. 或[ɔ: l] also ; always *al后面是k时，只发[ɔ:]al+f或m时，al发[a:] half ; calm -al在词尾非重读[（ə）l] medal ; metal ; (例外canal运河，重音在后[æl])3.-ance在重读时[a: ns] chance ; dance ; France 在非重读时[əns] importance ；performance ；ambulance4.-ant非重读[ənt] assistant ; important ；peasant5.-ange一般[eindʒ] change ; danger ; strange ;(*但orange [indʒ])6.-age 一般[idʒ] village ; carriage ; marriage7.-ask一般重读时[a: sk] ask ; mask ; task ;basket8.-ass一般重读时[a: s] class ; glass ; grass ; pass ; (*但mass[æ])9.-ast一般重读时[a: st] last ; past ; fast ; cast -aste一般[eist] waste ; paste ; taste10.-ath一般[a: θ] bath ; path ; (*但maths[æθ])或[a: ð] father ; rather ; (*但gather[æð]) 11.-au一般[ɔ:] cause ; autumn ;August ; (*但because[ɔ]) -augh(t) [ɔ: (t)] caught ; taught ; daughter (*例外：laugh[l a: f])12.-aw [ɔ:] draw ; saw ; law ; awful13.a在字母w或wh后面，a发[ɔ] was ; wash ; want ; what ; (*但water[ɔ:])14.-ar 重读音时[a:] party ; car ; farm ; army ; yard ; hard ; star 在字母w或音[w]后面时 [ɔ:] war ; warm ; warn ;towards ; *quarter 在非重读音时[-ə] beggar ; dollar ; solar15.-are一般[-εə] hare ; bare ; dare ; stare ; rare ; care ; parent16.-air一般[-εə] chair ; fair ; hair ; pair ; stair ; repair17.-able 一般[eibl] able ; cable ; table ; stable(二)元音字母e的组合1.-ea重读音节有四个音，分别是下列： -ea[i:] team ; meat ; lead ; teach ; read ; mean ; please ; steal -ea[e] threat ; bread ; meant ; read(过去式和过去分词) ; peasant -ea[iə] real ; really -ea[ei] great ; break 2.-ee[i:] feel ; week ; keep ; three ; steel ; street ; sweep ; see *但是一个例外：coffee[i]3.-eer[iə] deer ; pioneer ; engineer ; volunteer4.-er重读音节[ə:] her ; term ; service ; Germany 非重读[ə] worker ; paper ; western ; teacher 特殊读法[a:] clerk 5.-ere [iə] here ; mere -ere 或者发[εə] there ; where 6.-ear 有三种音，分别是：-ear [iə] ear ; dear ; near ; clear ; tear (n.) ; beard-ear [ə:] early ; earth ; learn ; heard-ear [a:] heart* tear作为动词时，发[εə]7.-ei [ei] eight ; weigh ; weight -ei [ai] height -ei [i:] receive 8.-ey重读[ei] they ; hey ; survey -ey重读[i:] key -ey非重读[i] monkey ; donkey ; valley ; volleyball*-et非重读[it] pocket ; ticket ; rocket9.-ew 一般[ju:] new ; few ; knew -ew 或者发[u:] grew ; threw -ew还可以发[əu] sew10.-ege [idʒ] college11.-est [i s t] biggest ; modest ; happiest; 12.词尾的-ed在浊音后[d] lived ; studied -ed在清音后[t] worked ; finished -ed在字母t或d后[id] wanted ; needed （三）元音字母i或y的组合1.-ie在重读音节中，或在辅音字母前，发[i:] field ; piece ; achieve -ie在词尾[ai] lie ; die ; tie 2.-igh(t)在重读音节[ai(t)] high ; night ; light ; bright3.-ir在重读音节[ə:] girl ; firm ; circle ; first ; third 4.-ire在重读音节[‘aiə] fire ; tired ; hire ; retired ; wire5.-ild [aild] child ; wild6.-ind [aind] find ; kind ; mind ; wind ; (*但window[ind]) 7.-ing [iŋ] king ; wing ; sing ; doing ; making8.-(a)tion [(ei) ʃn] nation ; pronunciation ; information ；composition -stion [tʃn] question -sion [ʃn]或[ʒn] mission使命 ; precision精密 9.-ye在词尾[ai] good-bye ; bye-bye10.-ist[i s t] list ; fist ; (四)元音字母o的组合1.-oa在重音时[əu] boat ; coat ; road ; goat ; toad -oar在重音时[ɔ:] blackboard ; aboard2.-oi，-oy在重音时[ɔi] boiler ; point ; join ; oil boy ; toy ;。