初中英语语法[1].doc

初中英语语法我们的校队经常在我们市踢得很好〔这里的team指整个队，但意义上仍为单数，故谓语动词用plays.二、名词所有格名词：在中考单项选择试题中，除了时态，名词的考察频率也较高一般考察以下几点：名词所有格有两种形式：一是加?s，一种是用of来表示一般情况下，指某人的某物用?s表示，而指一、可数名词与不可数名词某物的什么用of短语来表示另外，要注意但凡以s结尾的名词或规那么名词的复数，不能直接加?s，在可数名词与不可数名词上一般出现这样几类，〔1〕分辨是哪一类名词，并根据结论做选择〔2〕而应该加-?即可例如，boys? clothesgirls? dresses不过，注意例外情况，例如，the boss?s可数名词复数的不规那么变化〔3〕不可数名词的量化表达所以，考生首先要能够明确哪些是可数名handwriting，其中the boss?s的-?s不可省略因为在英语中，如果以-s或-ss结尾的名词不是复数复词，哪些是不可数名词其次，还要知道可数名词的复数的变化规那么可数名词的变化规那么一般是在数形式，那么其名词所有格仍加-,s那么你会说“琼斯的小汽车〞吗？对，Jones?s car。

单词后面加-s或-es，如：下面我们来做一局部习题1：desk---desksbed---bedspiano---pianoshat---hatsbag---bagsphoto---photos1. June 1st is ___ Day.A. Child?sB. Childs?C. Childrens?D. Children?s 2：bus---busesbox---boxeswatch---watchesbrush---brushes2. I need ___ paper, Mum. I want to write ___ letter to my English teacher. 3：tomato---tomatoespotato---potatoeshero---heroesNegro---NegroesA. any, someB. some, aC. a, someD. some,any 4：leaf---leavesknife---knives3. There are two ___ and three ___ on the table. 5：baby---babiesfamily---familiesA. knifes, forksB. knifes, forkC. knives, forkesD. knives, forks 另外，还要记住一些特殊的名词的变化形式，如：4. We have got a lot of___ today. Chinese---ChineseJapanese---JapaneseEnglishman---EnglishmenFrenchman---FrenchmenA. newspaper to readB. homework to doC. homeworks to doD. book to read Russian---RussiansAmerican---AmericansGerman --- Germans5. We could see __ children and hear ___ noise in the park. child---childrenfoot---feetman---menwoman---womenA. many, manyB. much, muchC. many, muchD. much, many tooth---teethgoose --- geesedeer---deersheep---sheep6. Will you pass me ___? 还要掌握不可数名词的量化表达有：a piece of、a bag of、a bottle of、a cup of、a glass ofA. a few pieces of chalkB. a few chalksC. a few of chalksD. some chalks 另外，大家应注意：单数集合名词作主语时谓语动词“数的〞变化：单数集合名词如class, police, family,7. ___ has been invited to the dancing party. school, group, team等。

尽管形式上是单数，意义上都是复数，因此，一般要与复数谓语动词连用，A. A friend of herB. A friend of hersC. Friends of hersD. Friends of her 例如：Class Five have a foreign friend.五班有一位外国朋友〔这里的五班指五班的同学的〕1234567His family are good to me.他的家人对我很好〔很显然，这里的family指家庭成员〕当上述集合DBDBCAB名词着重指“整体〞时，意义上那么是单数，因此，要与单数谓语动词连用例如，Our school team often plays well in our city.--------下面请大家自己练习一下形容词和副词8. September 10th is ___ Day.在中考单项选择中形容词也占一定比例，一般考察有关形容词或副词的一些搭配，但绝大局部考察形A. the TeacherB. Teachers?C. TeacherD. Teacher?s容词与副词的比较级和最高级9. ---Can I help you, sir?一、形容词和副词的比较级和最高级①一般的比较级和最高级在形容词或副词后加-er或-est，如：small --- smaller --- smallest ---I?d like to have 100___. I want the students to draw pictures on them.②以不发音-e结尾的形容词或副词直接加–r或–st，如large --- largest --- largest A. piece of paperB. pieces of paperC. papersD. paper③重读闭音节词尾是一个辅音字母的，需双写该辅音字母，再加-er或-est。

3.---Would you like ___ milk, please?④以辅音字母加y结尾的形容词和副词，把“y变〞“i，〞再加–er或-est. ---No, thank you. I still have some.A. some moreB. anC. a little ofD. allbusy---busier---busiesthappy---happier---happiest但一些双音节及多音节形容词或副词前要加more和most，如： 4.___ the old woman is in!A. What good healthB. How a good healthC. What a good healthD. How good healthslowly --- more slowly --- most slowly5. I?m going to help ___ with ___ English.difficult---more difficult---most difficultA. a friend of Nancy, hersB. a friend of Nancy?s, herbeautiful---more beautiful---most beautifulC. a friend of Nancy?s, hersD. a friend of Nancy, her但还有一些不规那么的变化：6. The two desks here are ___. You may use the desk over there.good / well---better---bestmany---more---mostA. Mary and JaneB. Marys and JanesC. Maryand Jane?sbad / ill / badly ---worse---worstlittle---less---leastD. Mary?s and Jane?sfar --- farther / further --- farther / furthest二、形容词和副词的等比句型123456①as⋯as⋯和⋯⋯一样I?m as tall as you.BBAABD②not as(so)⋯as不和⋯⋯一样〔在否认句中常用so来代替as〕如，I can?t run so fast as you.①What + a(n) +形容词+单数名词+主语+谓语！另外as⋯as possible为固定构造，如，as soon as possible, as quickly as possible等。

②What +形容词+复数名词+主语+谓语！在以上两个句型中形容词或副词一定要用原级③What +形容词+不可数名词+主语+谓语！三、形容词和副词的其它句型还有：④How +形容词/副词+主语+谓语！①形容词/副词比较级+ than句型，在than后面的人称代词用主语和宾语均可⑤How +形容词+ a(n) +名词+主语+谓语！He is older than I / me.⑥How +主语+谓语！--------但是如果人称代词后有动词时，那么只能用主格形式如，A. good enoughB. well enoughC. enough wellD. enough goodTom found more red leaves than I did.5. Mary would like to spend ___ days on her research.②“the+比较级，the +比较级〞构造表示两个变化一起发生如，The more you learn, the moreA. a little moreB. a littleC. a few moreD. much moreyou?ll know.6.Be quiet, class! I have ___ to tell you.③“more and more〞构造〔指两个形容词比较级用and连接〕表示持续不断的变化。

如：I?m gettingA. important anythingB. important somethingthinner and thinner.C. anything importantD. something important四、修饰形容词和副词的比较级的副词要用much, a lot, a little, a bit, far等，very不能和比较级连用7. This picture book is not ___ that one.如：The blouse I bought yesterday is a little less expensive.A. so interesting asB. so interesting thanC. as interesting than昨天我买的衬衣比较廉价D. interesting asTo play basketball is far more enjoyable to the 。