专四常考语法点汇总.doc

专四常考语法点汇总语法与词汇专项语法核心考点一：从属分句复合句 = 主句 +从句（ 1 个或 1 个以上）要点 1 从属分句是复合句必不可少的组成部分，以语法功能作为分类标准，从属分句可以分为状语从句、关系从句（即定语从句）和名词性从句其中状语从句可分为时间、地点、原因、结果、程度、目的、条件、让步和方式等；名词性从句可分为主语从句、宾语从句、表语从句、同位语从句要点 2 状语从句的考点集中在方式、条件、让步、方式和时间状语从句上；关系从句的考点集中在关系代词的选择，限制性定语从句和非限制性定语从句的区别；名词性从句的考点集中在宾语从句和同位语从句一 状语从句状语从句真题剖析：1 Nine is to three _____ three is to one. (2008, 53)A. when B. that C. which D. what2 ______ he wanted to go out with his friends at the weekend, he had to staybehind to finish his assignment. (2008, 55)A. Much though B. Much asC. As muchD. Thouth much3Men differ from animals ____ they can think and speak. (2008, 54)A. for whichB. for thatC. in thatD. in which4They stood chatting together as easily and naturally as ____. (2008, 60)A. it could beB. could beC. it wasD. was5The couple had no sooner got to the station ______ the coach left. (2009，60)A. whenB. as C. untilD. than6____ the boss says, it is unreasonable to ask me to work overtime without pay.（ 2010， 55）A. Whatever B. Whenever C. Whichever D. However 7 Fool ____ Jerry is, he could not have done such a thing. A. who B. as C. like D. that8 He asked me to lend him some money, which I agreed to do, ___ that he paid me back the following week. (2005)A. on occasion B. on purpose C. on condition D. only if 9 Which of the following contains an adverbial clause of cause? A. I got a job as soon as I left university.B. As there was on answer, I wrote again.C. You must do the exercise as I show you.D. Wealthy as he is, Mark is not a happy man.状语从句重点总结：（一）条件状语从句：表示条件或假设，通常由以下连词或结构引导：If 如果 unless 如果不；除非as long as 只要 so long as只要on condition that 条件是in the event that如果，在 的情况下provided/providing that 假如suppose/supposing that假如given that 如果assuming (that ) 假如say假如★特别提醒几种不常用的条件状语从句举例：In the event that she can not arrive on time, we will go first.Suppose it snowed, we would still go.Say what he said were true, what would you do about it?（二）让步状语从句：含有“虽然，尽管，即使”之意，主要引导词有：though/although 虽然 even if/even though即使no matter + 疑问词 无论in spite of the fact that 尽管much as 不管 尽管as/though疑问词 +ever 无论while 尽管for all that 尽管granted/granting (that )虽然，尽管★特别提醒1. 几种不常用的让步状语从句举例：In spite of the fact that he was deaf and dumb, he had a genius for music.While the grandparents love the children, they are strict with them.Much as she needed the job, she had to refuse.For all that there were a lot of difficulties, he finally entered the final competition and won.Granted you have made much progress, you should not be conceited.2. 用了 although或 though，就一定不能再后面的从句中同时用 but，但是 though 可以和 yet 连用。

Although they were very tired, but they still working. (true/false )Though they were very tired, yet they still working. (true/false )3. no matter +疑问词不能引导主语从句和宾语从句， 可用疑问词 +ever 来引导主语从句和宾语从句No matter what he says has nothing to do withme. (true/false )Whatever he says has nothing to do withme. (true/false )The old man believes no matter what his son tells him (true/false )The old man believes whatever his son tells him (true/false )4. as/though引导的让步状语从句如果有强调的部分，通常将强调的部分置于句首Young as he was/ Child as he was, he could do some housework for his mother. ＝ Young though he was/ Child though he was, he could do some housework forhis mother.＝ Though he was young/ Though he was a child, he could do some houseworkfor his mother.注意：as 引导的让步状语从句必须倒装， though 引导的可以倒装也可以不倒装。

5. for all (that)表示让步概念，“that”可以省略， 相当于“ in spite of”或“ in spiteof the fact that” ,其后可接短语或从句For all the fine words he may say to your face, he does not like you at heart.For all (that) you say, he will not change his mind.（三）时间状语从句：表示时间关系，引导词主要有以下：表示“当 的时候” when, while, as, just as, nest time, thelast time, each time, every time,whenever表示时间先后before, after表示“一就 ”As soon as, once, hardlywhen/before ,scarecely when/before,nosooner than, directly, immediately,instantly, the moment/second/minute,其他时间By the time (到 的时候 ), it is thefirst/second time , notuntil( 直到 才), ever since （自从）★特别提醒1 几种不常用的时间状语从句They went into action directly/immediately/instantly/the moment they heard the alarm.2 几种需要用完成时态的时间状语从句By the time I got there, they had left for the airport.It is the first time that I have visited China.It was the second time that I had visited China.He had hardly escaped when/before he was captured.I had no sooner reached home than it began to rain.I have been living there all the time since I moved there in 1992.3 否定词置于句首时注意倒装Hard。