小学英语语法知识讲解及专项强化练习3.doc

小学英语语法知识讲解及专项强化练习（数词与冠词）数词和冠词一、数词表示数目和顺序的词叫数词数词又分基数词和序数词，基数词表示数量，序数词表示顺序1． 最基本的基数词如下表所示：1~1011~1920~1001 one11 eleven2 two12 twelve20 twenty3 three13 thirteen30 thirty4 four14 fourteen40 forty5 five15 fifteen50 fifty6 six16 sixteen60 sixty7 seven17 seventeen70 seventy8 eight18 eighteen80 eighty9 nine19 nineteen90 ninety10 ten100 one hundred*基数词的写法 ：21~99的两位数，十位与个位之间用连字符“-”例：21 twenty - one 32 thirty - two 99 ninety – nine百位数：个位数基数词形式加“hundred”，表示几百，在几十几与百位间加上and。

例：101 a hundred and one. 320 three hundred and twenty 648six hundred and forty-eight2．序数词的构成1）一般来说，是由相应的基数词加词尾th构成例， four+ th--- fourth six + th --- sixth seven + th --- seventh ten + th --- tenth2）下面这些基数词在变为序数词时，有特殊的变化例， one --- first two --- second three --- third five--- fifth eight --- eighth nine --- ninth twelve --- twelfth3）十位整数序数词的构成方法是将基数词的词y 变成i，然后在加eth.例， twenty --- twentieth thirty --- thirtieth forty --- fortieth ninety --- ninetieth1） 两位或两位以上的基数词变为序数词时，仅将个位数变成序数词。

例，twenty –one ------ twenty- first thirty-five ------thirty-fiftha hundred and fifty-three ------- a hundred and fifty- third *基数词变序数词的口诀：基变序，有规律；词尾加上th（fourth, sixth）一、二、三，单独记；结尾字母t, d, d；（first，second，third）八去t,九去e,（eighth，ninth）；ve要用f替；（fifth，twelfth）整十基数变序数，ty将y变成i ; th 前面有个e；要是遇到几十几，前用基来后用序二、冠词 冠词分不定冠词和定冠词两种 a或an是不定冠词，the是定冠词a用在辅音音素之前，如 a desk, a tree ; an 用在元音因素之前，如 an apple, an hour, an English book.*定冠词the的用法记忆口诀：特指、重提和唯一，岛屿、海峡和海湾；海洋、党派、最高级，沙漠、河流与群山；方位、顺序和乐器，年代、团体与机关；船名、建筑和组织，会议、条约与报刊；姓氏复数、国全名，记住定冠the加在前。

零冠词用法口诀：月份、星期、节假洲，呼语、头衔职务前；三餐、球类、惯用语，学科、棋类名词前冠词和数词专项练习一、在空白处填上适当的冠词，不需要的填“/”1) at ____home 2) go to_____ bed 3) go to _____school 4) catch ______ bad cold 5) have _____ good time 6) ______red apple 7)_____ English book 8) ______ spoon 9)_____ orange 10) ______melon 11) _______ eraser二、选择填空1.There is _____ “m” in the word “primary”A. an B.a C.the D./2.This is ____ orange bike .A.a B.an C.the D/3.It always takes us half _____ hour to have ____ long walk after supper .A.a,a B,a ,the C.an , a D.an , the 4.English is ____ useful language in ____ world .A.an , the B.a , the C.the , / D./ , the 5.We are going to _____ cinema this evening .A.the B./ C/a D.an 6.He’s standing on _____ other side of _____ river .A.a , a B.the , the C.the , a D.a , the 7._____ potato is a vegetable , not ____ fruit .A.The , an B.The , a C.A, the D.An, / 8.He was _____ first to come .A.The B.a C.the D./9.Do you see ____ book on _____ table ?A.the , a B.a, an C.an , an D.a , the 10.Where’s _____ desk ? It’s in ____ middle of the room .A./ , / B./ , a C.a , / D.the , the 11.He is _____ friend of mine .A.an B./ C.the D.a 12.There is ____ university near the farm .A.a B.an C.the D./13.He died in ____ autumn of 1989 .A./ B.the C.a D.an 14.I have ____ book . I t’ s _____ interesting one . I like reading ____ books very much .A.a, an ,/ B.a , / , the C.an , an , the D./ , an , / 15.Today is _____ Children’s Day .A.a B.an C.the D/ 16.This is _____ bag . That is ____ eraser .A.a, a B.a , an C.an , a D. an , an 四、用代词填空:1._____ , _____ and ____ are all good friends .A.We , you , they B.You , they , we C.We , they , you D.They , you , we 2.____ classroom is big , but ____ is much bigger than _____ .A.We , they , us B.Our , their , our C.Our , theirs , ours D.Our , theirs , we 3.She lost ____ pen . Will you lend her ____ ?A.her , yours B.his , your C.hers , you D.their , yourself 4. “What are you doing ?” “I am looking at _____ in the mirror ?”A.me B.myself C.itself D.himself 5.____ , ____ and _____ all enjoy music .A.She , you , I B.I , she , you C.You , she , I D.I , you , she 能力测试卷（冠词和数词）一、 写出相邻的数词1. twenty 2. five 3. twelve 4. fifty-eight 5. ninety 6. seventy 7. thirty-eight 8. one hundred 9. one thousand 10. one 二、选择正确答案1.There are days in a year.A. three hundreds sixty-five B. three hundreds and sixty-fiveC. three hundred and sixty-five D. three hundred and sixty five2.There are students in this school.A. eight hundreds and forty-six B. eight hundred and forty sixC. eight hundred and forty-six D. eight hundred forty-six3.My brother is in .A. Three Class, One Grade B. Class Three, Grade OneC. Grade One, Class Three D. c。