中职基础模块上册Unit8语法.ppt

中职基础模块上册中职基础模块上册Unit8Unit8语法语法句子种类 Categories of Sentences•1.陈述句 Declarative Sentences•2.疑问句 Interrogative Sentences•3.祈使句 Imperative Sentences•4.感叹句 Exclamatory Sentences陈述句 Declarative Sentences•指用来说明事实或说话人的看法•eg.I go to school by bike every day.• They are having an English class now.• She doesn't like playing basketball.陈述句的否定形式•(1)凡陈述句中，谓语部分有助动词be、have\has或情态动词can、may、must、will、shall等，其否定式只需在后面+not即可•eg.Tom can speak English.• Tom cannot speak English.•(2)如陈述句中谓语动词只是行为动词，而没有助动词或情态动词时，其否定式要在行为动词前+do not，后面谓语动词用原形。

•eg.They went to school by bike yesterday.• They did not go to school by bike yesterday.• She studies very hard.• She does not study very hard.•疑问句 Interrogative Sentences•(1)一般疑问句•eg.Does she like music?•(2)特殊疑问句•eg.How much is the T-shirt?•(3)选择疑问句•eg.Is your pen friend a boy or a girl?•(4)反意疑问句•eg.You are in Class 2,aren't you?•(1)一般疑问句 General Questions•指以情态动词、助动词或系动词be开头的疑问句，一般疑问句需以Yes或者No回答• eg.Does she like music?• Yes,she does.• Is there a map on the wall?• No,there isn't.• Did you go to school yesterday?• Yes,I did.•*一般疑问句的回答有时可用Certainly，of course，Sure等回答。

•eg.May I use your pen?• Certainly.•(2)特殊疑问句 Special Questions•指以疑问句开始的问句•常用疑问词：who\whom,whose,what,which,when\what time,where,why,how,how much\many等•特殊疑问句由“疑问词+一般疑问句”构成，对主语提问时，语序与陈述句相同•特殊疑问句不用Yes或No回答•eg.Who is the man over there?• He is our English teacher.•(3)选择疑问句 Altermative Questions•提出两种或多种情况，要求对方选择一种•结构：一般是“一般疑问词+or+省略的一般疑问词”，或者用疑问词which，whose等提问•回答时须选择一种情况回答，不能用Yes或No回答•eg.Is this a basketball or a football?• It's a basketball.• Which is your bag,the blue one or the yellow one?• The blue one.•（4）反意疑问句 Disjunctive Questions•表提问者有一定主见，但没把握，希望对方来证实。

•反意疑问句由两部分构成：前一部分是对事物的陈述，后一部分是省略型的简单句•前肯后否或者是前否后肯，两部分时态要一致•*对反意疑问句的回答：不管问题的提法如何，事实是肯定的，要用Yes，事实是否定的，要用No•eg.You are from Australia,aren't you?• No,I'm not.I'm from Canada.• She didn't visit her aunt yesterday,did she?• Yes,she did.•3.祈使句 Imperative Sentences•用来表命令、劝告等•说话对象是第二人称时，you常被省略•句末用句号或是感叹号•（1）祈使句的开头用动词原形• eg.Sit down,please.• Close the door,please.• (2)祈使句的否定式在句首用Don't，有时用Never• eg.Don't put the flowers on the table,please.• Never do it again.•4.感叹句 Exclamatory Sentences•多用how或what引起，来表达强烈的感情。

•（1）“How+adj.或adv.+主语+谓语！”• eg.How nice the flowers are!•（2）“What+a（an）+adj.+单数可数名词+主语+谓语！”• eg.What a big apple it is!•（3）“What+adj.+复数名词或不可数名词+主语+谓语！”• eg.What good students they are!•（4）在口语中，有时主语、谓语都省略，有时只用一个词或短语，有时省略副词和形容词• eg.What a heavy bag!• How nice!• Cool!• How they work!。