
小学阶段英语复习资料.doc
10页小学阶段英语复习资料 一:学生易错词汇 1. a, an 的选择: 元音字母开头的单词用 an,辅音字母开头的单词用 a. 2. am , is , are 的选择: 单数用 is , 复数用 are. I 用 am , you 用 are. 3. have , has 的选择: 表示某人有某物单数用 has , 复数用 have. I , you 用 have . 4. there is, there are 的选择:表示某地有某物,某人单数用 there is , 复数用 there are. 5. some, any 的选择:肯定句用 some, 疑问句和否定句用 any. 6. 疑问词的选择:what (什么) who (谁) where (哪里) whose (谁的) why(为什么) when(什么时候) which(哪一个)how old (多大) how many (多少)how much(多少钱) 二:形容词比较级详解 当我们需要对事物作出比较时,需要用到比较级比较级的句子结构通常是: 什么 + 动词 be (am , is , are ) + 形容词比较级 + than(比)+ 什么 ,如: I’m taller and heavier than you. (我比你更高和更重。
) An elephant is bigger than a tiger. (一只大象比一只老虎更大 ) 形容词的比较级是在形容词的基础上变化而来的,它的变化规则是: ① 一般的直接在词尾加 er ,如 tall - taller , strong - stronger , ② 以 e 结尾的,直接加 r ,如 fine – finer , ③ 以辅音字母加 y结尾的,先改 y为 i 再加 er,如 funny - funnier ④ 双写最后的字母再加 er,如 big – bigger, thin – thinner ,hot – hotter ☆注意 比较的两者应该是互相对应的可比较的东西 典型错误:My hair is longer than you.(我的头发比你更长 ) 比较的两者是我的头发、你(整个人) ,那么比较的对象就没有可比性 应该改为:My hair is longer than yours. 或 My hair is longer than your hair. 比较级专项练习: 一、从方框中选出合适的单词完成句子 heavy tall long big (1) How is the Yellow River? (2) How is Mr Green? He’s 175cm. (3) How are your feet? I wear size 18. (4)How is the fish? It’s 2kg. 二、根据句意写出所缺的单词 (1) I’m 12 years old. You’re 14. I’m than you. (2) A rabbit’s tail is than a monkey’s tail. (3) An elephant is than a pig.(4) A lake is than a sea. (5) A basketball is than a football. 三、根据中文完成句子. (1) 我比我的弟弟大三岁. I’m than my brother. (2) 这棵树要比那棵树高. This tree than that one. (3) 你比他矮四厘米. You are than he. (4) 谁比你重? than you? 四、根据答句写出问句 (1) I’m 160 cm. (2) I’m 12 years old. (4) Amy’s hair is 30 cm long. 三:动词过去式详解 动词的过去式的构成规则有: A、规则动词 ① 一般直接在动词的后面加 ed:如 worked , learned , cleaned , visited ② 以 e 结尾的动词直接加 d:如 lived , danced , used ③ 以辅音字母加 y结尾的动词要改 y为 i 再加 ed(此类动词较少)如 study – studied carry – carried worry – worried (注意 play、stay 不是辅音字母加 y,所以不属于此类) ④ 双写最后一个字母(此类动词较少)如 stopped B、不规则动词(此类词并无规则,须熟记)小学阶段要记住以下动词的原形和过去式: sing – sang , eat – ate , see – saw , have – had , do – did , go – went , take – took , buy – bought , get – got , read – read ,fly – flew , am/is – was , are – were , say – said , leave – left , swim – swam , tell – told , draw – drew , come – came , lose – lost , find – found , drink – drank , hurt – hurt , feel – felt 四:动词现在分词详解 动词的 ing 形式的构成规则: ① 一般的直接在后面加上 ing , 如 doing , going , working , singing , eating ② 以 e 结尾的动词,要先去 e 再加 ing ,如 having , writing ③ 双写最后一个字母的(此类动词极少)有:running , swimming , sitting , getting 五:人称和数 人称代词 主格 宾格 物主代词单数 I(我) me my(我的) 第一 人称 复数 we(我们) us our(我们的) 单数 you(你) you your(你的) 第二 人称 复数 you(你们) you your(你们的) he(他) him his(他的) she(她) her her(她的) 单数 it(它) it its(它的) 第三 人称 复数 they(他们/她们/它们) them their(他们的/她们的/它们的) 六:句型专项归类 1、肯定句:是指用肯定的语气来陈述的句子,如: I’m a student. She is a doctor. He works in a hospital. There are four fans in our classroom. He will eat lunch at 12:00. I watched TV yesterday evening. 2、否定句:含有否定词或表示否定意义词的句子,如:I’m not a student. She is not (isn’t) a doctor. He does not (doesn’t) work in a hospital. There are not (aren’t) four fans in our classroom. He will not (won’t) eat lunch at 12:00. I did not (didn’t) watch TV yesterday evening. ☆注意 小结:否定句主要是在肯定句的基础上加上了否定词 “not”。
有动词 be 的句子则 “not”加在 be 后面,可缩写成“isn’t,aren’t”,但 am not 一般都分开写没有动词 be 的句子 则要先在主要动词的前面加上一个助动词(do,does,did) ,然后在它后面加上“not”,你也 可以把它们缩写在一起如“don’t , doesn’t , didn’t ) 这三个助动词要根据人称和时态来选择, 其中“does”只用于一般现在时主语是第三人称单数的情况,而“did”只用于一般过去时,不论 主语是什么人称和数,都用“did” 3、一般疑问句:是指询问事实的句子,此类句子必须用“yes”,或“no”来回答 如:Are you a student? Yes, I am / No, I’m not. Is she a doctor? Yes, she is. / No, she isn’t. Does he work in a hospital? Yes, he does. / No, he doesn’t. Are there four fans in our classroom? Yes, there are. / No, there aren’t. Are you going to buy a comic book tonight? Yes, I am. / No, I am not. (Yes, we are. / No, we aren’t.) Will he eat lunch at 12:00? Yes, I will. / No, I will not(won’t). Are they swimming? Yes, they are. / No, they aren’t. Did you watch TV yesterday evening? Yes, I did. / No, I didn’t. ☆注意 小结:一般疑问句是在肯定句的基础上,新课标第一网 ①把动词 be 调到首位,其他照写,末尾标点符号变成问号即可。
②没有动词 be 的句子则要在句首加上一个助动词(do,does,did)再把紧跟在后面的动词 变回原形,末尾标点符号变成问号即可 这三个助动词也要根据人称和时态来选择,其中“does”只用于一般现在时主语是第三人称单 数的情况,而“did”只用于一般过去时,不论主语是什么人称和数,都用“did” 一般疑问句 有个重要的原则就是问和答要一致,即问句里的第一个单词(助动词)和简略答句里的这个 词是一致的 4、特殊疑问句:以特殊疑问词(what , where , who , which , when , whose , why , how 等)开 头引导的句子此类句子应该问什么就答什么,不能用“yes 、no”来回答如: What is this? It’s a computer. What does he do? He’s a doctor. Where are you going? I’m going to Beijing. Who played football with you yesterday afternoon? Mike. Which season do you like best? Summer. When do yo。












