软硬件协同设计概念与思路..ppt

Hardware-Software Codesign 軟硬體共同設計,,Rapid Prototyping Design Process,Hardware-Software Codesign  Man-Woman Marriage,,,,,,,Course Goals,Introduce the fundamentals of HW/SW codesign and partitioning concepts in designing embedded systems Discuss the current trends in the codesign of embedded systems Provide information on the goals of and methodology for partitioning hardware/software in systems Show benefits of the codesign approach over current design process Provide information on how to incorporate these techniques into a general digital design methodology for embedded systems Illustrate how codesign concepts are being introduced into design methodologies Several example codesign systems are discussed,Outline,Introduction to Hardware-Software Codesign System Modeling, Architectures, Languages Partitioning Methods Design Quality Estimation Specification Refinement Co-synthesis Techniques Function-Architecture Codesign Paradigm Codesign Case Studies ATM Virtual Private Network Digital Camera and JPEG,,Introduction to Embedded Systems and Hardware-Software Codesign,Introduction Unified HW/SW Representations HW/SW Partitioning Techniques Integrated HW/SW Modeling Methodologies HW and SW Synthesis Methodologies Industry Approaches to HW/SW Codesign Hardware/Software Codesign Research Summary,Codesign Definition and Key Concepts,Codesign The meeting of system-level objectives by exploiting the trade-offs between hardware and software in a system through their concurrent design Key concepts Concurrent: hardware and software developed at the same time on parallel paths Integrated: interaction between hardware and software developments to produce designs that meet performance criteria and functional specifications,,Motivations for Codesign,Factors driving codesign (hardware/software systems): Instruction Set Processors (ISPs) available as cores in many design kits (386s, DSPs, microcontrollers,etc.) Systems on Silicon - many transistors available in typical processes ( 10 million transistors available in IBM ASIC process, etc.) Increasing capacity of field programmable devices - some devices even able to be reprogrammed on-the-fly (FPGAs, CPLDs, etc.) Efficient C compilers for embedded processors Hardware synthesis capabilities,Motivations for Codesign (cont.),The importance of codesign in designing hardware/software systems: Improves design quality, design cycle time, and cost Reduces integration and test time Supports growing complexity of embedded systems Takes advantage of advances in tools and technologies Processor cores High-level hardware synthesis capabilities ASIC development,Categorizing Hardware/Software Systems,Application Domain Embedded systems Manufacturing control Consumer electronics Vehicles Telecommunications Defense Systems Instruction Set Architectures Reconfigurable Systems Degree of programmability Access to programming Levels of programming Implementation Features Discrete vs. integrated components Fabrication technologies,Categories of Codesign Problems,Codesign of embedded systems Usually consist of sensors, controller, and actuators Are reactive systems Usually have real-time constraints Usually have dependability constraints Codesign of ISAs Application-specific instruction set processors (ASIPs) Compiler and hardware optimization and trade-offs Codesign of Reconfigurable Systems Systems that can be personalized after manufacture for a specific application Reconfiguration can be accomplished before execution or concurrent with execution (called evolvable systems),Components of the Codesign Problem,Specification of the system Hardware/Software Partitioning Architectural assumptions - type of processor, interface style between hardware and software, etc. Partitioning objectives - maximize speedup, latency requirements, minimize size, cost, etc. Partitioning strategies - high level partitioning by hand, automated partitioning using various techniques, etc. Scheduling Operation scheduling in hardware Instruction scheduling in compilers Process scheduling in operating systems Modeling the hardware/software system during the design process,Embedded Systems,,Embedded Systems Application-specific systems which contain hardware and software tailored for a particular task and are generally part of a larger system (e.g., industrial controllers) Characteristics Are dedicated to a particular application Include processors dedicated to specific functions Represent a subset of reactive (responsive to external inputs) systems Contain real-time constraints Include requirements that span: Performance Reliability Form factor,Embedded Systems: Specific Trends,Use of microprocessors only one or two generations behind state-of-the-art for desktops E.g. N/2 bit width where N is the bit width of current desktop systems Contain limited amount of memory Must satisfy strict real-time and/or performance constraints Must optimize additional design objectives: Cost Reliability Design time Increased use of hardwar。