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so和such用法小结.doc

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  • 常见问题
    • so和such用法小结 一,so的常见用法1.当so作副词,修饰形容词或副词时,表示程度,意为"这么","那么".如:Don’ t be so silly.ﻫ别那么傻.ﻫHe ran so fast.ﻫ他跑得那么快2.如果so后无形容词,则so不能与名词连用如:I' ve never seen so tall a child(=such a tall child).ﻫ我从未见过个儿那么高的小孩.切不可以说”He is so a child.”ﻫ但是,so little,so much可与不可数名词连用,so few,so many可与复数名词连用如:Tom ate so much food a meal.汤姆一餐吃了那么多的食物There' re so few people in the hall.大厅里的人很少3.So…that 意为"如此……以至于……”,是一个常见句型,也是中考常考的句型如:Jane' s leg was so painful that she couldn’ t move at all.简的腿那么疼,以至于根本动不了.该句型还可以转换成"So + adj a/an+名词”结构.如:Mike is so clever a boy that all like him。

      ﻫ麦克这么聪明,大家都喜欢他.so that意为"以便",”为的是",引导目的状语从句(该目的状语通常用情态动词作谓语)如:ﻫThey can help you to compare two different products so that you can buy the one you really likeﻫ他们能帮助你比较两种不同的产品,以便你能买到自己真正喜欢的.ﻫso that从句还可表示结果,意为”因此", 如:ﻫHis pen is missing,so that he hasn' t done his homework.ﻫ他的笔不见了,因此他无法完成作业so与动词say,tell,think,believe,suppose等连用,可以替代一个意义完整的宾语从句如:ﻫIs she a top student in her class Yes,I think so.她是她们班最好的学生吗 是的,我想是这样.ﻫso与动词do连用,意为"这样做",以避免重复前面的有关内容.而if so意为"如果是这样".如:He did so in order to help her.ﻫ他这样做是为了帮助她。

      ﻫAre you a student If so(=If you are ),may I have your name,please ﻫ你是学生吗 如果是,请问你叫什么名字 ﻫ5."So + be/其他助动词/情态动词 + 主语"是倒装结构,意为”同样",”也”.这一结构在中考试题中也经常出现.如:ﻫ—I usually go to bed at night.—So do I.ﻫ—我通常晚上睡觉.-我也是.6so作连词,表示结果,意为"所以","因此”.如:ﻫ-How do you like this shirt ﻫ-It’ s beautiful and it fits me well,so (that) I 1ike it very much.ﻫ—你喜欢这件衬衣吗 -它既漂亮又很合身,因此我非常喜欢.7."not so +adj./adv.(原级)+as"是一个常见的比较级句型,也是中考常考的句型,意思是"不如”,"不及".如:ﻫThe man doesn’ t work so hard as me.ﻫ这个人工作不如我努力ﻫ二,such的常见用法1.such是限定词,常和名词连用,意为”如此的","这样的".如:ﻫShe is such a kind woman.ﻫ她是一个如此善良的女人.ﻫGrandpa often told us such funny stories.ﻫ爷爷常给我们讲这么有趣的故事.Don't go out in such bad weather.ﻫ天气这么糟,不要 出去ﻫ区别:so是副词,修饰形容词和副词,在句中充当状语。

      Such为形容词修饰名词,在句中作定语,请看下面几个句子. ① The fish is so long ② Don't drive so fast, it's dangerous. ﻫ③ Fred is so good a manFred is such a good man ﻫ④ It was such interesting meeting.The meeting was so intersting ⑤ There were such a lot of people. There were so many people以上句子中,①,②句比较简单,so为副词,分别修饰形容词long和副词fast.③句中的so修饰good,可用形容词such改为: ﻫFred is such a good man ﻫ这句话和原句的意义不变,但用so要用so+adj+a/an+n.的结构来表达用such需用such+a/an+adj+n.的结构来表达.④句中仍可按③的形式表达,但也可写成: The meeting was so interesting 其句意不变.⑤句中的such也可换为so,但更据习惯搭配,应将a lot of 变为many为宜,如其后所修析的名词为不可数名词,还需将a lot of改为much.如: With such a lot of time,they should have finished their homework ﻫ用so则为: ﻫWith so much time, they so have finished their homework. 因此遇到这种情况,我们可将such+a lot of+n.结构变为so+many/much+n。

      结构 ﻫ再看这样一个句子: The enemy scattered in such a hurry ﻫ可改为:The enemy scattered so hurriedly又如: The plane flies at such a speed 则可写成:The plane flies so fast. ﻫ这样的句子为such+a/an+n结构,改为so+adv结构其义不变. 在so……that—clause中和such……that---clause中,我们也可参照以上的结构来进行转换. 1、so + 形容词/副词 + that + 从句,如: This story is so interesting that I want to read it again. (这个故事如此有趣以至我想再读一次) He spoke so quickly that I couldn't follow him. (他说得如此快以至我不能跟上他 2、so+形容词/副词+(a/an)+(单数)复数可数名词/不可数名词+that+从句,如果句中的名词是单数可数名词,其前就要用不定冠词a或an,如果是复数可数名词或者不可数名词,前面就不用冠词,如: She is so lovely a girl that everyone loves he(这个故事如此有趣以至我想再读一次。

      r (她是如此可爱的一个女孩,以至每个人都喜欢她) Those are so beautiful flowers that the girl wants to pick them.(那些花是如此漂亮以至那个女孩想要摘下它们.) 3、such+a/an+形容词+单数可数名词+that+从句,如: She is such a lovely girl that everyone loves her.(她是如此可爱的一个女孩,以至每个人都喜欢她) It is such an interesting story that I want to read it again (这是一个如此有趣的故事以至我想再读一次 4、such+复数可数名词/不可数名词+that+从句,如: He showed such concern that people took him to be a relative.(他表现得如此关心以致于人们都把他当作亲戚了)such 后面需要加名词词组,nice people 作为一个词组用,所以要用such 不用so .adj+N 前面用such  adv+N 前面用so so 与such的区别: ①so是副词,修饰形容词或副词,作状语(如so good,so fast);such是形容词,用来修饰名词,作定语.②当名词之前有另外的形容词时,则在此形容词之前一般既可以用such,也可以用so。

      但要注意不定冠词a /an的位置. 比较so和 such 其规律由so与such的不同词性决定such 是形容词,修饰名词或名词词组,so是副词,只能修饰形容词或副 词so 还可与表示数量的形容词many,few,much, little连用,形成固定搭配 so + adj        such + a(n) + n. so + adj. + a(n) + n.   such + n. (pl.) so + adj. + n. (pl.)    such +n. (pl.) so + adj. + n. [不可数]   such +n [不可数] so foolish          such a fool so nice a flower       such a nice flower so many/ few flowers     such nice flowers so much/little money.   such rapid progress so many people         such a lot of people so many 已成固定搭配,a lot of 虽相当于 many,但 a lot of 为名词性的,只能用such搭配。

      so…that与such…that之间的转换既为 so与such之间的转换. 简单说so 是副词,所以用来形容形容词和其他副词,如so cute, 甚至so-sosuch 是代词,那就只能修饰名词.如,such weather, such good weather.这个地方最容易混,对吧?你可以替换其他代词来感受这个用法,比如such beautiful fish——--this beautiful fishso和such用法及区别such和so两个单词意思相近,使用时很容易混淆.其实,这两个单词的用法并不相同,首先要注意的是,它们的词性不同;such为形容词,意为“这(那)样的;这(那)种;如此的",主要修饰名词;如:ﻫNo such thing has ever happened I have never seen such a beautiful place before.ﻫ而so是副词,意为“这(那)么;这(那)样;如此地”,主要修饰形容词、副词和分词如:Last time I saw him he was so fat! He was not so much angry as disappointed.但是,such和so都可以用于名词词组。

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