经典商务英语教程unit 1（bec剑桥商务英语不可缺少的材料）.ppt

International Business Translation商务英语翻译 1,,本课程教学目的,一、提升译者的理论素养 翻译技巧、句法特点、文本特点、翻译原则、翻译理念（翻译普遍原理与商务英语翻译的个性特征）,翻译理论举隅,严复的“信”、“达”、“雅 Faithfulness, Fluency\Expressiveness, Elegance,,翻译作品内容忠实于原文谓信，文辞畅达谓达，有文采谓雅语出严复《译例言》 何谓“信”“达”“雅”？它是有由我过清末新兴资产阶级启蒙思想家严复提出的，他说：“译事三难，即信，达，雅求其信，已大难也！顾信也，不达，虽译，犹不译也，则达尚焉信”指意义不背原文；“达”指不拘泥于原文形式‘“雅”则指追求文章本身的古雅The theory of dynamic equivalence,1964, Toward a Science of Translation《译学初论》 美国当代著名的翻译理论家尤金·奈达( Eugene ·A · Nida ) 的动态对等翻译观：,,动态等值理论重视语言信息接受者的感受,强调语言信息在交际转换中的动态等值,而不是简单的、静态的对等,认为源出语的语义和风格应同目的语的语义和风格尽可能达到信息的动态等值交换,主张用最自然、最妥帖的对等语再现原文传递的信息,求得两者在内容和格调上最大程度的接近。

首先是意义上的对等，其次是风格的对等”奈达主张译文读者对译文的反应应与源文读者对源文的反应一致德国的功能派翻译理论Functionalism,功能派认为翻译活动中,译者以翻译要求为指导,从特殊的翻译任务中总结出译文的交际目的,此目的也可以是发起者直接给出,交际目的使译者决定如何完成翻译任务,翻译的关联理论( Peter Newmark),Relevance Theory,,翻译活动实际上是一种原文作者、译者和译文读者的三元关系,译者在翻译中,既要正确认知原文作者的意图,又要考虑译文读者的认知接收能力和习惯,为了再现原作的内容和意图,实现原文作者的交际目的,可以按照译入语的语言、文化习惯,按照译文读者的阅读习惯,对原文所包含的信息和表达形式进行调整,甚至删改,或提出相应的关联信息,这样方能获得对原作的最有效的忠实二、翻译能力和译者能力的培养,成功翻译所必须具备的知识和能力？？？,,知识：源语语言知识目的语语言知识源语与目的语之间的对比知识现实世界的知识源语与目的语所代表的两种文化 能力：理解能力扎实的英语语言基本功（写作） 【商务的知识和能力】,三、译文鉴赏能力的培养,能够鉴赏不同译文的水平高下,四、注重以句为单位的基本功的培养,引用大量例证，了解句子翻译过程的操作机制,I. Translation Examples,,Example 1:,The credit which evidences shipment of 2 ,000 tons of steels may be used against presentation of the shipping documents.,,该信用证证明装二千吨钢材凭提交装船单据使用。

Which translation is better?,The credit which evidences shipment of 2 ,000tons of steels may be used against presentation of the shipping documents. 改译:①该信用证证明装运二千吨钢材,可凭提交装船单据加以议付②本信用证证明二千吨钢材已装船,凭装运单证议付 (商务语境的意识),II. International Business,?,Business?,A.[U] the activity of making, buying, selling or supplying goods or services for money ( a synonym for commerce or trade) B. the activity of providing goods and services involving financial and commercial and industrial aspects C. the volume of commercial activity,,商务即商业（贸）实务，指商业（贸）经济活动中的一切事务,International business?,,1.A Briefing of International Business,It consists of transactions that are devised and carried out across national borders to satisfy the objectives of individuals and organizations.,2.Primary Types o f International business,Procter & Gamble,,What is management contract?,Contract management or contract administration is the management of contracts made with customers, vendors厂商, partners, or employees. Contract management includes negotiating the terms and conditions in contracts and ensuring compliance with the terms and conditions, as well as documenting and agreeing any changes that may arise during its implementation or execution.,,It can be summarized as the process of systematically and efficiently managing contract creating, execution, and analysis for the purpose of maximizing financial and operational performance and minimizing risk. Please translate this paragraph.,Reference translation:,企业合同管理是涉及客户、厂商、合作伙伴或者雇员的合同管理行为。

内容包括就合同条款进行谈判、确保遵守合同条款，以及制定并确立合同履行或执行过程中引发的任何合同条款的变更合同管理行为）可以概括为对合同的制定、执行及分析进行系统而有效予以管理的一个过程，其目的是使财政业绩和运筹能力最大化，（与此同时）使合同风险最小化3. International business is usually related to the following:,(1) The international circulation(流通) of goods, capital, services, employees and technology;（2）Importing and exporting(3) Cross-border transactions in intellectual property, by means of licensing and franchising: a. patents; b. trade marks; c. know-how; d. copyright materials;,,(4) Investment in physical and financial assets in foreign countries;(5) Contract manufacturing or assembly of goods abroad for local sale or for export to other countries;(6) (7) The establishment of foreign warehousing and distribution systems;,,In other words, international business involves commercial activities that cross national frontiers.In a word, the transactions involved in international business chiefly include sales, investment, and logistics.,4. The International Trade flow,出口货物流程主要包括： 报价quotation、订货order、付款方式payment method、备货goods supply、包装packing、通关手续Customs、装船shipment、运输保险insurance、提单bill of lading、结汇bank’s settlement。

外箱唛头,集卡装箱,国际海运,国际空运,国际铁路运输,公路运输,散货船运输,B/L,Dry containers,Tank container,冷藏箱运输reefer container,Two Basic Requirements for a Qualified International Business Translator,Be skilled in English language skills Be an expert in the international business,。