
六年级英语下册知识讲义-小升初综合复习(四)——语法乐园2-冀教版.doc
11页年级六年级学科英语版本冀教版课程标题小升初综合复习(四)——语法乐园2一、学习目标1. 知识目标复习并巩固以下小学阶段所学重点语法:形容词的用法,副词的用法,常用介词的用法和动词的用法2. 能力目标能够灵活运用以上所学语法二、重点、难点重点:以上重点语法的掌握和理解难点:如何在实际中灵活运用以上重点语法一、形容词的用法1. 形容词在句子中的位置:形容词修饰名词时放在名词之前作名词的定语如:He is a clever boy. 形容词作系动词的表语时放在系动词的后面如:The boy is clever. 如果有几个形容词同时修饰一个名词,把关系最密切的放在最靠近名词的位置,通常按大小、形状、颜色的顺序排列如:a little red dragon 一条小红龙 a big red apple 一个大的红苹果 2. 在两者(人或物)之间进行比较时用形容词的比较级,标志词:than如:This apple is bigger than that one. Li Tao is taller than Li Lei.3. 在三者或三者以上的人或物之间比较时,用形容词的最高级,形容词的最高级前必须加the, 标志词:of/in…。
如:Li Tao is the tallest boy in our class.He is the youngest of the three(boys). 4. 形容词的比较级和最高级的构成:形容词有三级,即原级、比较级和最高级形容词的比较级和最高级的变化规则如下:a. 规则变化构成法原级比较级最高级1. 单音节的形容词,在词尾加-er和-estsmalltallsmallertallersmallesttallest2. 以e结尾的单音节的形容词, 直接加-r和-stnicefinenicerfinernicestfinest3. 重读闭音节的形容词,末尾只有一个辅音字母时,先双写最后的这个辅音字母,再加-er和-estbighotbiggerhotterbiggesthottest4. 以辅音字母加y结尾的形容词,变y为i,再加-er和-esthappyhungryhappierhungrierhappiesthungriest5. 多音节的形容词,在其前加more和mostinterestingmoreinterestingmostinterestingb. 不规则变化原级 比较级 最高级good better bestbad worse worstmany/much more mostlittle less leastfar farther/further farthest/furthestold older/elder oldest/eldest二、副词的用法1. 副词在句子中的位置:副词修饰动词时,放在动词的后面。
如:Jenny walks slowly. Li Ming walks quickly. 副词修饰形容词和其他副词时,放在其前如:The box is too heavy.The car runs very fast. 2. 在两者(人或物)之间进行比较时,用副词的比较级,标志词:than如:The car runs faster than that one. I like spring better than summer.(better是副词well的比较级)3. 在三者或三者以上的人或物之间比较时,用副词的最高级,副词最高级前可不用the如:He runs fastest in our class. I like spring best.4. 副词的比较级和最高级的构成:规则变化同形容词比较级和最高级的构成,其它需要注意的变化如下: a. 在单音节的形容词后加ly构成的副词,分别在其前加more和most如:slow→ more slowly→ most slowlyb. well → better → best badly → worse →worst【考题链接】一、将下列形容词变成副词:bad→_______ quiet→_______ loud→_______ quick→_______slow→_______ easy→_______ happy→_______ good→_______二、写出下列形容词或副词的比较级:tall→_______ short→_______ long→_______ cold→_______interesting→_______ good/well→_______ bad/badly→_______三、选择正确的形容词或副词填空:1. I feel very ___________(happy, happily).2. I’m _______________. I want to eat something.(hungry, thirsty)3. It’s _______________outside. I want to put on my coat.(hot, cold)4. They walk _______________.(slow, slowly)答案:一、badly quietly loudly quickly slowly easily happily well二、taller shorter longer colder more interesting better worse 三、1. happy 2. hungry 3. cold 4. slowly思路分析:请参考上述语法讲解内容。
三、常用介词的用法1. at: (1)表示地点,指“在较小的地点”如:at home at school at the airport(2)表示时刻at seven/seven o’clock at seven thirty2. in: (1)表示位置,指“在……里面”如:in the desk in the classroom(2)表示地点,指“在较大的地方”如:in Beijing in Shanghai in China in Canada(3)表示时间,指“在一段时间里”如:in the morning/afternoon in January in spring/summer/fall/winter in 2009 (4)表示穿戴着……(服饰)如:Do you know the girl in pink?(5)表示用某种语言如:Can you speak it in English? 3. on: (1)表示位置,指“在……的表面上”如:on the desk on the wall on the floor(2)表示在星期几、在某个节日、在具体的某一天或某一天的上午、下午、晚上。
如:on Sunday on New Year’s Day on May 12th on Monday morning 4. of: 表示所属关系,意为“……的”如:This is a picture of Danny.5. by: 表示使用某种交通工具如:by bus by bike by train by plane6. to: 表示“去……; 到……; 向……”如:go to the park from Monday to Friday 7. for: 表示“给……; 为……; 到……的时间了”如: Please buy a new pen for me. It’s time for school. 8. with: 表示“和……一起; 用……(工具)”如: Please write with your pen. Would you like to go shopping with me this afternoon?9. from: 表示“来自……; 从……”如:—Where are you from? —I’m from China. I go to school from Monday to Friday.10. before: 表示“在……之前”。
如:I often brush my teeth before breakfast.11. after: 表示“在……之后”如: Do you often watch TV after supper?12. above: 表示“在……以上”如:There is a picture above the bed.13. below: 表示“在……以下”如:The temperature is blew zero.14. under: 表示“在……的下面”如:There is a ball under the bed.15. in front of: 表示“在……的前面”如:There is a dog in front of the door. 16. behind: 表示“在……的后面”如:There is an umbrella behind the door.17. beside: 表示“在……的旁边”如:Please sit down beside me.18. near: 表示“在……的附近”如:My school is near my home.19. between: 表示“在……和……之间”。
如:Danny is between Li Ming and Jenny.20. along: 表示“沿着……”如:They are walking along the street.21. like: 表示“像……”如:He looks like his father.【考题链接】一、用合适的介词填空:1. Jenny and I live ____ Canada.2. Li Ming’s plane arrived ____ 5:00. 3. We wash dishes ___ the sink.二、根据提示完成句子:1. There are many apples __ __ __ .(在树上)2. Let’s put our gifts。












