高考英语写作专题-如何写好简单句.doc

高考英语写作专题 如何写好简单句 英语5种基本句型1.S(主） + Vi.（不及物动词）（谓） 常见的不及物动词有：appear, apologize, arrive, come, die, disappear, exist, fall, happen, rise, laugh, smile, live, study, arrive, cry, 1isten, walk.S(主语)Vi.（不及物动词）其它1.2.3.4.5.TimeSheHeWeIflies.singswentstoppedwill gobeautifully. Adverbial(副词)on holiday. Prep Phrase（介词短语）to have a rest. Infinitive (不定式）swimming. Participle (分词）注: “There + be(Vi.) + S …” 也是属于第一种基本句型2. S (主）+ V.（谓）（lv.)( 系动词）+ P（表）S (主）lv.( 系动词）P（表）1．2．3．4．5．6．WeThisThe flowersClassKidMy friendareissmellislooksbecomesChinese. N.(名词）mine. Pron. (代词)sweet. Adj.（形容词）over. Adv. (副词）like his father. Prep. Phrase excited. Participle(分词）除了be 系动词外，还有一些动词也可以用作系动词，1)表感官的动词，feel, smell, taste, sound, look, appear, seem 等。

2)表转变变化的动词，become, get, grow, turn, go,等 3)表延续的动词 remain, keep, seem, hold, stay, rest等4)表瞬时的动词 come, fall, set, cut, occur等 5)其他动词lie, prove, ring, run, shine, sit, stand, continue, hang等 注：下列常见“It…”句式也是属于第二句型1）It + be +adj./n. + to do…(不定式) It is your duty to take care of your mother.2）It + be +adj. + for/of +sb. + to do… It is easy for us to finish the project in two days.3. S (主）+ Vt.（及物动词）（谓）+ O（宾）S (主）Vt.（及物动词）（谓）O（宾）1．2．3．4．5．6．ISheHelenThe kidThe thiefIam studyingloveswantsdoesn’t knowadmittedbelieveEnglish. N.(名词)him. Pron.(代词)to go there. Infinitive（不定式）where to go. Wh-Word + Infinitivestealing the money. Gerund（动名词）that there is nothing wrong.. That-clause（that从句）注：1) S + Vt. + infinitive(不定式） I want to help him. 常用于这句型的动词有：attempt, dare, decide, desire, expect, hope, intend, learn, need, offer, pretend, promise, propose, purpose, refuse, want, wish等。

2) S + Vt. + Wh-Word + Infinitive I don't know what to do. 常用于这句型的动词有：ask, consider, decide, discover, explain, find out, forget, guess, inquire, know, learn, observe, remember, see, settle, tell, think, understand, wonder等3) S + Vt. + Gerund I enjoy living here. 常用于这句型的动词有：admit, advise, avoid, consider, defend, enjoy, excuse, finish, forbid, mind, miss, practise, risk, suggest, give up, can't help，look forward to, stick to等4) S + Vt. + That-clause I don't think (that) he is right. 常用于这句型的动词有：Admit, believe, command, confess, declare, demand, deny, doubt, expect, explain, feel(觉得）, hear（听说）, hope, imagine, intend, know, mean, mind（当心）, notice, propose, request, report, say, see（看出），show, suggest, suppose, think, understand, wish, wonder(觉得奇怪）。

4. S (主）+ Vt.（谓）+ I.O.（间接 宾） + D.O.（直接 宾）S (主）Vt.（谓）I.O.（间接 宾）D.O.（直接 宾）1.2.3.4.5.IMotherMy fatherMy uncleHesentgaveboughtbroughtcan informhim (N.名词)Mary (Pron.代词)me (Pron.代词)my brother (N.名词)you (Pron.代词)a book.a nice gift yesterday.a story book.a new watch.where the teacher lives. (从句)本句型的谓语动词所发出的动作有两个对象，一为“人或动物等”，称为间接宾语；另一为“物或事”，称为直接宾语本句型也可以把“D.O.”置于 “I.O.”之前，应注意用介词to或for，句型为： S + Vt. + N./Pron. + To/for-phrase. 如：1）He sent me a book.→He sent a book to me.2）He bought me a coat.→He bought a coat for me. 间接宾语前需要加to 的常用动词有： bring, deny, give, grant, hand, leave, lend, offer, owe, pass, pay, permit, promise, read, render, restore, sell, send, show, teach, tell wish, write等。

间接宾语前需要加for 的常用动词有：bring, buy, cash, choose, fetch, get, leave, make, order, paint, play(演奏），save, sing, spare等5. S (主）+ Vt.（谓）+ O.（宾）+ O.C.（宾补）S (主）Vt.（谓）O.（宾）O.C.（宾补）1.2.3.4.5.6.7.8.WeHeSheIIHeHeHe namedmadekeepsaskcaughttaughttoldadvisedour daughter (N./Pron).our garden (N./Pron.)everything (N./Pron.)him (N./Pron).him (N./Pron.)me (N./Pron.)me (N./Pron.)me (N./Pron.)Mary. (N.)very beautiful. (Adj.)in good order. (Pren. Phrase)to help me. (Infinitive)cheating in exam. (Participle)how to learn English. (Wh-word + Infinitive)that he passed the exam. (That clause)when we should start. (Wh-clause)此句型中的动词叫做可以跟复合宾语的动词，后面的宾语补足语是说明宾语的情况的，宾语和宾语补足语一起被称做复合宾语。

注：1) S + Vt. + N./Pron. + N 常用于这句型的动词有：appoint, call, choose, elect, entitle, find, make, name, nominate(命名） 2) S + Vt. + N./Pron. + Adj 常用于这句型的动词有：beat, boil, cut, drive, find, get, hold, keep, leave, like, make, paint, see, set, turn, want, wash, wipe, wish等 3) S + Vt. + N./Pron. + Prep Phrase She always keeps everything in good order. 4) S + Vt. + N./Pron. + Infinitive 常用于这句型的动词有：a)不定式带to的词：advice, allow, ask, beg, cause, choose, command, decide, encourage, expect, force, get, hate, invite, know, leave, like, love, order, permit, persuade, prefer, remain, request, teach, tell, want, warn, wish等。

b)不定式不带to的词：feel, have, hear, know, let, listen to, look at, make, notice, see, watch等 5) S + Vt. + N./Pron. + Participle (分词） 常用于这句型的动词有：catch, feel, find, get, have, hear, imagine, keep, leave, listen to, look at, notice, ob。