水平井防砂管理理念.ppt
14页
SandManagementinOpenHoleHorizontalWells水平井防砂管理理念 Sand Management Techniques防砂技术§ Stand Alone Screens优质筛管防砂优质筛管防砂§ Open Hole Gravel Packing裸眼砾石充填防砂裸眼砾石充填防砂§ Cased Hole Gravel Packing套管井砾石充填防砂套管井砾石充填防砂§– Acid Pre-Packing酸预处理充填工艺酸预处理充填工艺§– High Rate Water Pack (HRWP)高速水充填防砂高速水充填防砂§ Frac Packing压裂充填防砂压裂充填防砂 Criteria in Choosing a Sand Control Technique选择防砂方式的标准§ § Borehole Stability§井眼稳定性井眼稳定性§ Formation Permeability§地层渗透率地层渗透率§ Clay & Fines Content§粘土矿物组分粘土矿物组分§ Grain Sorting & Uniformity§颗粒分布及均一性颗粒分布及均一性§ Number of Silt and Clay intervals exposed to Open Hole Sections§裸眼段泥岩段和粉砂段的长度裸眼段泥岩段和粉砂段的长度 Stand Alone Screen – Types 5%.裸眼筛管防砂裸眼筛管防砂 Stand Alone Screen - SAS光筛管防砂光筛管防砂SAS should be used in:适用范围：适用范围：§ Clean (low fines content) homogeneous sands with high net to gross pay and uniformly sorted large grains with D50 greater than 200 μm.§油层厚度较厚，且颗粒分选好（油层厚度较厚，且颗粒分选好（ D50大于大于200 μm）的单一）的单一均质砂岩均质砂岩§SAS should NOT be used :§ For D50 less than 200 μm grain size uniformity and fines content must be considered. If grains are poor sorted and non-uniform and the fines content is greater than 5%. D50 小于小于200 μm的均质油层要考虑细粉砂的含量的均质油层要考虑细粉砂的含量 。
如果颗如果颗粒筛选性差或非均质性或细粉砂的含量粒筛选性差或非均质性或细粉砂的含量 大于大于5%的地层不适的地层不适合用光筛管防砂合用光筛管防砂. Stand Alone Screen - SAS光筛管防砂光筛管防砂§SAS should NOT be used on:§ Wells in weakly consolidated sandstones with small§grains and a high percentage of dispersed fines and§clays – particles less than 44 μm. 直径小于直径小于44 μm的细颗粒和分散的粉砂岩和泥岩颗粒含量较高的细颗粒和分散的粉砂岩和泥岩颗粒含量较高的弱胶结砂岩的井的弱胶结砂岩的井§SAS should NOT be used on:§Wells in dirty (high fines content) or non-homogeneous§unconsolidated formations with low permeability and§poorly sorted, small grains - D50 about 80 μm. 渗透率低、分选差且颗粒直径较小（渗透率低、分选差且颗粒直径较小（D50 在在 80 μm以下）的粉以下）的粉砂含量高或非均质的疏松地层砂含量高或非均质的疏松地层 Stand Alone Screen - SAS光筛管防砂光筛管防砂§ § Initial production is usually high However, productivity drops as formation solids plug the screens.最初的产能一般会比较高，但是，最初的产能一般会比较高，但是，随着地层砂堵塞筛管，产能就会降低随着地层砂堵塞筛管，产能就会降低§ The SAS is not cushioned by sand – Hence it is exposed to a higher flow rate per unit length – This results in high velocity erosion of the screen surface and eventual screen rupture SAS没有缓冲层，因此单位长度的流动速率较高，这会加速筛管表面的没有缓冲层，因此单位长度的流动速率较高，这会加速筛管表面的冲蚀速率，最终导致筛管破裂冲蚀速率，最终导致筛管破裂§ Most SAS in the GOM last only 3 years**** 大部分的大部分的SAS在在GOM地区只有地区只有3年的使用寿命年的使用寿命§ Most SAS in the North Sea last only 3-4 years**** 大部分的大部分的SAS在北海地区只有在北海地区只有3～～4年的使用寿命年的使用寿命§**** Petroleum Engineer International (June 1996 & November 1997)§***** Oil & Gas Journal (August 11, 1997) HOHGP – 水平井裸眼砾石充填水平井裸眼砾石充填 HOHGP – 水平井裸眼砾石充填水平井裸眼砾石充填§Easiest type of GP to place because of the large annular space between the screen and the formation. Since the gravel does not have to be carried through perforations, this technique presents minimal gravel transport problems. 最容易的充填位置：筛管与井眼的环空较大，因为砾石不用进入射孔炮眼，最容易的充填位置：筛管与井眼的环空较大，因为砾石不用进入射孔炮眼，解决了砾石运移问题。
解决了砾石运移问题§ Highest theoretical productivity because there are no perforation tunnels filled with gravel, sand or dirt to restrict flow. 最大的理论产能：没有充满砾石、砂子及泥质的炮眼通道阻碍流体的流动最大的理论产能：没有充满砾石、砂子及泥质的炮眼通道阻碍流体的流动§ Lowest possible velocity for produced fluids flowing throughthe GP. 最低的冲蚀速率：渗流面积较大最低的冲蚀速率：渗流面积较大§ Usually less expensive because it eliminates casing and cementing costs. 低成本：节省了套管及固井的费用低成本：节省了套管及固井的费用 HOHGP – 水平井裸眼砾石充填水平井裸眼砾石充填§ § In formations with kh/μ greater than 40,000 mD-ft/cp流动系数要求流动系数要求§ Dirty formations with poorly sorted grains 分选性差的地层分选性差的地层 HOHGP – 水平井裸眼砾石充填水平井裸眼砾石充填§ § Horizontal GP Simulator§水平井裸眼砾石充填模拟系统水平井裸眼砾石充填模拟系统§ SHGPSS - Single Trip Horizontal GP & Selective Stimulation§水平井裸眼砾石充填及选择性增产措施水平井裸眼砾石充填及选择性增产措施§ Effectively places GP and removes carrier fluid damage in one trip (saving rig time)§一趟管柱进行有效的充填，避免充填液的污染（节省了钻机时间一趟管柱进行有效的充填，避免充填液的污染（节省了钻机时间））§ Uses LiteProp (ULW) proppant for good suspension in brines (no settling) as well as excellent post GP hydrocarbon flow conductivity.§低比重支撑剂具有良好的悬浮性能以及 较好的导流能力。
HOHGP – 水平井裸眼砾石充填水平井裸眼砾石充填 HOHGP – 水平井裸眼砾石充填水平井裸眼砾石充填 。
