四级选词填空及阅读解题技巧.doc

长篇阅读一、题型概览（一） 背景和考试综合快速阅读有两个变化：一是位置发生了变化，由原來的Part IT调至Part TIT里的 Section B,即由原來的单独部分，变成了与其他的阅读理解放在一起；另一个变化就是题 目形式的变化，市原来的多项选择题变成了段落信息匹配题这一变化更挑战考生对于文章 的理解程度和信息定位的能力，应该说是加大了难度四级考试中快速阅读调整为长篇阅读顺应了吋代发展的要求该题型主要考查段落信息 兀配在筛选信息的过程中，要求考牛在把握文章整体的基础上，対文章的一些细节进行整 理、归纳以及同义转换这意味着考生不仅要读懂文章，还耍对所掌握的信息进行加工处理二） 文章特点通过试卷可知，长篇阅读的文章长度、难度、体裁、题材、题目数量、考试时间、所占 分值等都不变三） 试题特点1•题干中的细节信息往往反映文章的主旨和段落主题通过快速地阅读题干中的若干细 节信息，考生可以迅速了解原文的主旨大意2. 题干提供的细节信息中往往暗含一些说明文或议论文所必需的逻辑关系，考生可以利 用这种关系预先对一些表达进行排序，这对于解答信息匹配题有着非常重要的意义3. 提干提供的信息表达中通常包括如下三类：能够指示开头段的词，如overview, introduction, initiation, main idea, definition 等；能够指示结尾段的词，如 future, solution, conclusion, suggestion, summary等；能够帮助考生回原文定位的特殊词，如 rate, ration, proportion, percentage, number, figure, statistical demographics 等。

4. 有些试题题干中的细节信息往往会和原文的其他某-题目联系密切，考牛.可通过先解 答原文的其他题目來获得解答题目的线索和提示性信息答题技巧1. 整体把握文章的脉络至关重要段落信息匹配题的题目的顺序与文章的行文顺序完全不符，这就要求考生在阅读文章时 整体把握文章的结构和脉络，熟悉文章的写作思路，基本能做到理解每题的中心思想后，能 大体定位到文章的相应部分，而不是漫无目的地在全文的每个段落里搜寻如样题中的文章: 首先引出话题；中间部分主要谈论两方面的内容一大学在全球网罗人才和开展工作，同时大 学也在重塑研究方法；最后是大学全球化的影响和作用把文章这样分成四个部分以后，根 据每个题目的内容，就可以找到大体的位置2. 准确理解题目的内容是前提每一道题都是原文信息的再现或转述，只有理解了题目所述内容，才能做好后面的段落 信息定位理解题目内容的关键是：抓句子的主干冗长的句子，只要抓住了其主干，就不 难理解句子的主要含义了3. 找准题目中的定位关键词是关键每一道题都是原文信息的再现或转述，只要找准关键词才能准确定位到原文的段落中 关键词多为：a.名词或名词短语，这类词是题目和文章谈论的对象，同义替换的可能性较 小，是比较可靠的定位关键词,如样题中第46题中的American universities, global careers, internship都可以在原文中直接找到；b.数字，如数量、年份等，这类词同义替 换的可能性非常小，是较理想的定位关键词，如样题中第47题小的3. 9 percent,是原文 信息的再现；c.专有名词，如人名、地名、机构名、特殊物质等，这类词几乎没有同义替 换或转述的可能性，是非常理想的定位关键词，如样题中第55题中的Danah Boyd就是一个 专有名词，可以在原文中直接找到。

长篇阅读样题Section BDirections: Tn this section, you are going to read a passage with ten statements attached to it. Each statement contains in information given in one of the paragraphs. Idcnti fy the paragraph from which the informat ion is derived・ You may choose a paragraph more than once・ Each paragraph is marked with a letter. Answer the questions by marking the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 2.文章大意：本文主要讲述大学在增强国家实力和促进国际化交流等方面的巨大作用A 段总插全文，指出当代大学对国家强盛和世界和平起着至关重要的作用B-E段讲述各个大 学自觉走上全球化道路F-1段讲研究型人学促成了美国的腾飞，但仍有诸多因素制约这种 大学的发展。

46. American universities prepare their undergraduates for global careers by giving them chances for international study or internship.解析：定位到 D 段第 3、4 句：And in the United States, institutions are helping place studonts in summer intornships（实习）abroad to prepare them for global careers. Yale and Harvard have led the way, offering every undergraduate at least one international study or internship opportunity—and providing the financial resources to make it possible.47. Since the mid-1970s, the enrollinent of overseas students has increased at an annual rate of 3・ 9 percent.解析：定位到 C 段第 2 句：Over the past three decades the number of students leaving home each year to study abroad has grown at an annual rate of 3・ 9 percent, from 800, 000 in 1975 to 2. 5 mi Ilion in 2004.48. The enrollment of international students will have a positive impact on America rather than throatcn its competitivenoss・解析： 定位到 I 段第 1 句：Most Americans recognize that universities contribute to the nation，s wel1-being through their scientific research, but many fear that foreign students threaten American competitiveness by taking their knowledge and skills back home. They fail to grasp that welcoming foreign students to the United States has two important positive effects: first, the very best of them stay in the States and一like immigrants throughout history一strengthen the nat ion;49. The way research is carried out in universities has changed as a result of globalization.解析： 定位至ijE 段：Globalization is also reshaping the way research is done・ 50・ the newly hired professors in scienee and cngincering in the Uni ted States,twenty percent come from foreign countries.解析：定位到 C 段末句：In the United States, 20 percent of the newly hired professors in scie nee and eng in eering are foreign-born, and in China many n ewly hired faculty members at the top research universities received their graduate education abroad・51. The number of foreign students applying to U.S. universities decreased sharply after September 11 due to changes in the visa process.解析:定位到 H 段第 3 句：In the wake of September 11, changes in the visa process caused a dramatic decl inc in the number of forcign studoms seeking admission to U・ S・ uni versities, and a corresp on ding surge in en rollme nts in Australia, Sin gapore and the U. K.52. The U. S. federal funding for research has been unsteady for years.解析：定位到 G 段第 2 句：Most politicians recognize the link between investment in scieneo and national oconomic sirenglh，but support for research funding has been unsteady.53. Around the world, governments encourage the model of 1 inking university-based scienee and industrial application.解析：定位到 F 段第 2^ 3 句：The link between university-based science and industrial application is often indirect but sometimes highly visible: •••・ Around the world, governments have encouraged copying of this model, perhap。