GMAT曼哈顿语法- 精华汇总.docx

GMAT曼哈顿语法- 精华汇总 曼哈顿 SC 总结Chapter 1 Sentence Correction Basics1. 一道例题Although William Pereira first gained national recognition for his movie set designs, including those for the 1942 film \for the Transamerica Tower, the Malibu campus of Pepperdine University and the city of Irvine.A:including those for the 1942 film \B: like that for the 1942 film \C:like those for the 1942 film \D: including that for the 1942 film \E:including those for the 1942 film \这道题用两点split1.1 GMAT规定，Like不能用于举例；留意，在之后的说明中，曼哈顿说The GMAT used toclaim that ‘like’ simply meant ‘similar to’ and could not introduce examples. However, the exam writers have moderated this hardline duty in published explanations. As a result, either ‘including’ or ‘likelihood would technically work in the sentence.1.2 GMAT规定，进展指代时，假如有单复数转换，不能用代词指代，而应换作相对应的名词。

2. 做题时间一般不多于90秒钟，志向状况下，花费60-75秒 3. 做题步骤3.1 细读原文理解原文中作者本意，顺带看是否有错误出现 如发觉错误，静默登记，以备之后作为解除依据；如未发觉错误，不要留恋，只要保证理解了文字的字面意思和作者本意即可 3.2 纵向扫描，找split不要读选项，只是纵向找寻不同点〔split〕看句首和句尾，此两处必有split，不然画线不会画到它们 快速找到多个split，找最简单区分的 3.3 选取最简洁split进展筛选所谓简洁，就是简单找/简单比拟/简单确定语法语义两个角度来分析 3.4 选定第一个split3.5 用同一个split，去检查其他选项是否也犯了同样的错误3.6 如此反复，始终剩下唯一一个选项 3.7 把选项带回原文，重读，确定和原文匹配 Chapter 2 Grammar & Meaning1. 关于“简洁”考生此时此刻太过重视简洁问题，导致GMAT很情愿把错误选项弄得最毒所以，一般来说，不到万不得已〔比方，剩下两个选项，没有别的split可用了〕，就不要用“简洁”来做split 2. 句义2.1 分三局部：选对词；放在正确的位置；和周边搭配(make sense together)。

2.2 选对词此处给出了一些类似的词组Economic (monetary) vs. economical (thrifty节省的, effectual) Aggravate (worsen) vs. aggravating (irritating使人愤怒的) Known as (named) vs. known to be (acknowledged as)Loss of (no longer in possession of) vs. loss in (decline in value)Mandate (command) vs. have a mandate (have authority from voters) Native of (person from) vs. native to (species that originated in) Range of (variety of) vs. ranging (varying)Rate of (speed or frequency of) vs. rates for (prices for)Rise (general increase) vs. raise (a bet or a salary increase in American English) Try to do (seek to accomplish) vs. try doing (experiment with)2.3 GMAT中，’should’ 表示’moral obligation’应当，而非’likelihood’可能。

In everydayspeech, you can say ‘The train should arrive now’ to mean that the train is likely to arrive now, but the GMAT doesn’t agree with this usage.2.4 放在正确的位置同一个词放在句子的不同位置上，表示的意思会很不一样2.5 关于倒装：在可以顺叙说话的时候，就幸免运用倒装Check the overall order forunnecessary inversions. For instance, English normally puts subjects in front of verbs. Try to preserve that order, which is natural to the language.2.6 关于Redundancy：GMAT正确答案里，没有一个词是冗余重复的，每一个词必定有其存在的必要性 2.7 关于Concision：Quite frequently, the right answer will be a longer choice that is grammatically correct and that clearly reflects the author’s intended meaning.If you have run out of grammar or meaning issues to apply and you are down to two choices, then choose the more concise option. Otherwise, do not think about concision.Chapter 3 Subject-Verb Agreement1. Additive Phrases:以下短语作为修饰语，不会变更助于的单复数Along with / in addition to / as well as / accompanied by / together with / including 只有‘and’跟主语时，会把主语变成复数；而修饰语跟主语，不会变更单复数。

2. Mathematics是单数名词, 即使它跟了 –s; 同样适用于其他学校课程/一些运动工程 (e.g.,aerobics有氧运动) /疾病 (e.g., diabetes). 3. Or, either…or, neither…nor连接的两个主语一单数一复数时，谓语的单复数形式采纳就近原那么4. 集合名词People: agency, army, audience, class, committee, crowd, orchestra, team Items: baggage, citrus橘类植物, equipment, fleet, fruit, furnitureGMAT中，集合名词多被认为是单数，所以多采纳单数动词来搭配 在英式英语中，许多集合名词一般会被看作复数，但不是在GMAT中5. 不定代词5.1. Some, Any, None, All, Most/More – SANAM以上五个不定代词要依据上下文确定单复数5.2. ‘Not one’始终用单数形式：Not one of my friends IS here this weekend. 6. Each and Every在Each或Every修饰主语时，此主语应当认作单数。

Each dog and cat HAS paws.但是，跟在主语后面的each不会影响动词格式 They each ARE great tennis players. 7. Majority, minority and plurality诸多据不同上下文，可能是单数，也可能是复数 8. 在不能确定单复数时，倾向于单数Chapter 4 Parallelism1. 平行构造中，尽量做到准确平行，至少关键词要平行E.g.：The employees were upset by the company’s low pay, poor working conditions, and shortage of outlets for employees’ creativity.2. 想强调一下，在做平行构造时，假如句子可以做到准确匹配，必须要做到WRONG – The experiences we have when children influence our behavior in adulthood. RIGHT – The experiences in childhood influence our behavior in adulthood.WRONG – Tobacco companies, shaken by a string of legal setbacks in the United States, but which retain strong growth prospects in the developing world, face an uncertain future.3. 4. 5.6. 7.8.RIGHT – Tobacco companies, which have been shaken by a string of legal setbacks in the United States, but which retain strong growth prospects in the developing world, face an uncertain future.WRONG – Dr. Crock’s claims have been not corroborated by other scientists or published in a prestigious journal but have nonetheless garnered a great deal of attention from the public. RIGHT – Dr. Crock’s claims have not been corroborated…两个从句中,经常打都要带上主从连词,但是两个主从连词不必须一样. There are many people WHO speak English BUT WHOSE parents do not. 不要过于紧缩任何元素.要保证每一个元素都是完整的.Ralph likes B。