生物化学(双语)课程教学大纲.docx

    生物化学(双语)课程教学大纲    《生物化学（双语）》课程教学大纲课程编号：2130053学时：48学分：3.0授课学院：药物科学与技术学院适用专业：药学教材：Lehninger Principles of Biochemistry, Fourth Edition （2005）.作者： David L. Nelson and Michael M. Cox 出版社：W. H. Freeman一．课程的性质、目的及任务生物化学是一门利用化学的理论和方法作为主要手段来研究生命现象，揭示生命的奥秘的学科其主要任务有两个方面：一方面研究构成生物体的基本物质：蛋白质、核酸、糖、脂及对体内的生物化学反应起催化和调节作用的酶、维生素、激素的结构性质和功能，即所谓静态生物化学，另一方面研究构成生物体的基本物质在生命活动过程中进行的化学变化，即新陈代谢过程中的物质和能量转换和调节，即动态生物化学部分二．教学基本要求（一）基础理论和基本知识1、蛋白质的结构和功能掌握蛋白质的化学组成、理化性质、分子结构及其与功能的关系，熟悉蛋白质的提取和纯化方法2、酶掌握酶的基本概念及影响酶活性的因素，酶结构与功能的关系。

掌握酶反应速率的相关理论3、糖化学及其代谢掌握糖的分类及结构，糖酵解、三羧酸循环途径熟悉糖原的合成代谢及分解代谢4、脂类化学及其代谢掌握脂类的组成及结构，熟悉脂肪的合成代谢及磷脂的合成5、核酸化学掌握核苷酸的结构，核酸的结构与功能，熟悉核酸分离纯化的机理了解核酸的医药用途6、基因信息的贮存和表达掌握DNA、RNA 的分子结构和功能、中心法则、DNA的半保留复制熟悉DNA 损伤修复，RNA和蛋白质生物合成、核酸的分子杂交、基因工程及聚合酶链反应二）、基本技能掌握DNA提取及琼脂糖、聚丙烯酰胺凝胶电泳技术，熟悉紫外－可见分光光度计的用法，了解利用HPLC分离鉴定蛋白质的方法三．教学内容糖、脂、蛋白质、酶、核酸化学及基因信息的储存和表达糖、脂、蛋白质的合成与分解代谢具体内容如下：1.Distance, time and energy scales of biochemical systems2.Reversible interactions of biomoleculesA.Electrostatic bonds, ion pairs, salt bridgesDielectric constant of the mediumB.Hydrogen bondsC.Van der Waals interactionsD.Hydrophobic attractions3.Acid-base conceptspH, pKa, buffers, buffering power,4.Amino acid structuresA.Non-polar side chainsB.uncharged polar side chainsC.charged polar side chainsD.structure of each amino acid s5.Peptide bond structure6.The helix structure and its characteristics7.The β pleated sheet structures8.Protein structuresA.Primary structureB.Secondary structure, supersecondary structureC.Tertiary structureD.Quaternary structure9.Identification and purification of proteinsA.ElectrophoresisB.Gel-filtrationC.Ion-exchangeD.Ultra-centrifugation10.Chemical synthesis of peptides11.Edman degradation, protein sequencing+12.Specific peptide cleavage reactions, such as those using trypsin, cynogenbromide and performic acid.13.Transition state concept14.Thermodynamics of the transition state15.Standard free energy and its relation to the equilibrium constant16.Enzyme kinetics, the Michaelis-Menten mechanism17.Michaelis constant, the experimental determination of Michaelis constant18.Steady state approximation19.Turn over number and its meaning petitive inhibition and uncompetitive inhibition21.Main enzyme catalysis mechanisms: acid-base; metal ions; electrostatic; covalent;proximity; preferential binding of transition state complex.22.DNA, RNA bases: structures of purines and pyrimidines23.Nucleosides, nucleotides structures and various conformations24.The puckering sugar conformations.25.Base pairing interactions26.Watson-Crick structures27.B-DNA, A-DNA, Z-DNA structures28.RNA29.UV absorbance of nucleotides30.Hyperchromic effect31.Base stacking and hydrophobic interactions, enthalpy driven.32.Supercoiled DNA, superhelix topology33.Linking, twist and writhing numbers34.Topoisomerases I and II35.DNA polymerase I36.Semiconservative nature of DNA replication parison among DNA polymerase I, II and III38.DNA replication mechanism39.Mutations in DNA and the repairs parison among DNA polymerase I, II and III41.DNA replication mechanism42.Mutations in DNA and the repairs43.Gene rearrangements, Holiday model for homologous recombination44.Retrovirus gene replication mechanism45.RNA polymerase from E. coli., its subunites46.Transcription is initiated at the promoter sites on the DNA template47.Transcription elongation and termination48.Post-transcriptional modifications49.Transcription in eukaryotes50.Transcription regulations51.RNA Splicing52.RNA enzymes (ribozymes)53.Activation of amino acids by synthetases54.Codons and anticodons55.Ribosome56.Translation mechanism四．学时分配3学时/周  -全文完-。