2022年考博英语-上海交通大学考试内容及全真模拟冲刺卷（附带答案与详解）第49期.docx

2022年考博英语-上海交通大学考试内容及全真模拟冲刺卷（附带答案与详解）1. 单选题Like most other American companies with a rigid （ ） , workers and managers have strictly defined duties.问题1选项A.vitalityB.jurisdictionC.hierarchyD.bureaucracy【答案】C【解析】名词辨析题vitality生机，活力；jurisdiction司法权，管辖权；hierarchy层次，层级，等级制度；bureaucracy官僚主义句意：和大多数等级森严的美国公司一样，工人和经理们也有严格定义的职责选项C符合句意    2. 单选题Watching news program at night has become an （ ） part of the lives of most people in big cities.问题1选项A.automotiveB.instructiveC.unconventionalD.integral【答案】D【解析】形容词辨析题。

automotive自动的；instructive有教育意义的；unconventional不按照惯例的；integral完整的，不可或缺的句意：晚上看新闻节目已经成为大多数城市人生活中不可或缺的一部分选项D符合句意    3. 单选题When a Scottish research team startled the world by revealing three months ago that it had cloned an adult sheep, President Clinton moved swiftly. Declaring that he was opposed to using this unusual animal husbandry technique to clone humans, he ordered that federal funds not be used for such an experiment although no one had proposed to do so — and asked an independent panel of experts chaired by Princeton President Harold Shapiro to report back to the White House in 90 days with recommendations for a national policy on human cloning. That group - the national Bioethics Advisory Commission - has been working feverishly to put its wisdom on paper, and at a meeting on 17 May, members agreed on a near-final draft of the recommendations.NBAC will ask that Clinton's 90-day ban on federal funds for human cloning be extended indefinitely, and possibly that it be made law. But NBAC members are planning to word the recommendation narrowly to avoid new restrictions on research that involves the cloning of human DNA or cells -- routine in molecular biology. The panel has not yet reached agreement on a crucial question, however, whether to recommend legislation that would make it a crime for private funding to be used for human cloning.In a draft preface to the recommendations, discussed at the 17 May meeting, Shapiro suggested that the panel had found a broad consensus that it would be "morally unacceptable to attempt to create a human child by adult nuclear cloning." Shapiro explained during the meeting that the moral doubt stems mainly from fears about the risk to the health of the chilD.The panel then informally accepted several general conclusions, although some details have not been settled.NBAC members also indicated that they will appeal to privately funded researchers and clinics not to try to clone humans by body cell nuclear transfer. But they were divided on whether to go further by calling for a federal law that would impose a complete ban on human cloning. Shapiro and most members favored an appeal for such legislation. But in a phone interview, he said this issue was still "up in the air."1.We can learn from the first paragraph that（ ） .2.The meaning of the word "consensus" in Paragraph 3 is closest to （ ） .3.The panel agreed on all of the following except that （ ） .4.Which of the following statements can be inferred from Paragraph 2?5.It can be inferred from the last paragraph that （ ） .问题1选项A.the White House responded strongly to the news of cloningB.federal funds have been used in a project to clone humansC.NBAC was empowered to control the misuse of cloning techniqueD.the White House has got the panel's recommendations on cloning问题2选项A.requirementB.contentC.agreementD.distinction问题3选项A.the ban on federal funds for human cloning should be made a lawB.the privately funded researchers and clinics should be forbidden to clone humansC.it would be against ethical values to clone a human beingD.it would be against the law to use private funding for human cloning问题4选项A.The recommendation should be expressed narrowly to avoid the cloning of human DNAB.The recommendation should be confined to the cloning of human DNAC.The cloning of human DNA should not be put under more control.D.The cloning of human DNA should be restricted narrowly.问题5选项A.the issue of human cloning will soon be settledB.some NBAC members hesitate to ban human cloning completelyC.privately founded researchers will respond positively to NBAC's appealD.a law banning human cloning is to be passed immediately【答案】第1题:D第2题:C第3题:D第4题:C第5题:B【解析】1.根据第一段的内容可知，反对克隆的是克林顿总统，而白宫对此的态度作者没有提及，所以选项A错误；克林顿总统下令联邦基金不能用于克隆实验，所以 选项B也错误；NBAC只是被授权写出有关克隆人的国家政策的建议，而不是被授权控制克隆技术的滥用，选项C表述有误；根据第一段的最后一句可知，该草案的最终建议已经达成了一致，所以选项D正确。

2.根据原文的“a broad consensus”以及句意可知，原文指达成广泛的共识所以选项C更符合原文3.根据第二段的最后一句“The panel has not ... to be used for human cloning.”然而，有一个关键问题专家组尚未达成一致意见，即将私人资金用于克隆人属于犯罪这一条例是否应该立法所以选项D是错误的4.根据第二段的第二句“But NBAC members ... routine in molecular biology.”但是，NBAC 的成员会注意控制其内容的措辞, 以免出现新的条令禁止克隆人类 DNA 和细胞的试验——这类试验在分子生物学中是常见的也就是说，克隆人类DNA不应该受到更多的控制选项C符合原文5.根据最后一段的第二句“But they were divided on wheth。