计算机专业英语的第四版课后习题翻译讲课教案.pdf

精品文档中译英参考答案中译英参考答案Unit 1Unit 1A computer system consists of hardware system and software system. The hardware of thecomputer is usually divided into three major parts or three primary subsystems: the CPU, thememory subsystem, and the I/O subsystem.The CPU performs many operations and controls computer. The memory subsystem is usedto store program being executed by the CPU, along with the program s data. The I/O subsystemallows the CPU to interact with input and output devices such as the keyboard and monitor of apersonal computer. The components of the computer are connected to the buses.The part of the computer that performs the bulk of data processing operations is called thecentral processing unit and is referred to as the CPU. In microcomputer, it is often called themicroprocessor. The CPU is made up of three major parts: control unit, ALU, and register set.Memory is also known as internal memory or main memory.It refers to the circuits in thecomputer that hold whatever programs and data are available for immediate use by the CPU.I/O subsystem includes I/O devices and interface. There are a wide variety ofI/O devices,such as mouse, printer, sensor, disk, and so on. Input-output interface provides a method fortransferring information between internal storage and external I/O devices. Peripherals connectedto a computer need special communication links for interfacing them with the CPU. The purposeof the communication link is to resolve the differences that exist between the central computer andeach peripheral.Unit 2Unit 2Storage hardware provides permanent storage of informationand programs for retrieval bythe computer. Hard disk drives store information in magnetic particles embedded in a disk.Usually a permanent part of the computer, hard disk drives can store large amounts of informationand retrieve that information very quickly.Although fixed hard drive systems offer faster access and have a higher storage capacity thanoptical discs, optical disc systems use removable media a distinct benefit. Optical discs primary CDs and DVDs are much more widely used than removable hard drive systems. Theyare the standard today for software delivery, as well as commonly used for storing high-capacitymusic and video files. There are also versions of both CD and DVD drives available for homeaudio and home theater use. Optical discs are commonly referred to as compact discs.CD and DVD discs are read by CD and DVD drives.The speed of a CD or DVD drive israted as 24x, 32x, 36x, and so on. These labels describe how fast the drive is compared to the firstversion of that drive. For example, a 36x drive is 36 times the speed of the baseline unit that wasoriginally manufactured. Most optical discs have a title and other text printed only on one side andthey are inserted into the drive with the printed side facing up. When inserting such a CD or DVD,be careful not to get dirt, fingerprints, scratches, or anything else that might hinder lightreflectivity on the discs surface.Unit 3Unit 3(a) A program is a list of instructions or statements for directing the computer to perform a精品文档精品文档required data processing task.Programming is a multistep process for creating that list ofinstructions.(b) It is important to understand the difference between a class and an object of that class.Aclass is simply a specification for creating objects. Thus, a single class may create multipleobjects.(c) Java is an object-oriented, network-friendly high-lever programming language that allowsprogrammers to build applications that can run on almost any operating system.(d) ActiveX is a set of controls, or reusable components that enables programs or content ofalmost any type to be embedded within a Web page.Whereas a Java must be downloaded eachtime you visit a Web site, with ActiveX the component is downloaded only once, then stored onyour hard disk for later, repeated use.(e) Programming involves a great deal of creativity. The design is guide to the function orpurpose of each component, but the programmer has great flexibility in implementing the designas code. No matter what language is used, each program component involves at least three majoraspects: control structures, algorithms, and data structures.Unit 4Unit 4The software system can be divided into two broad categories: application software andsystem software. Application software consists of the program for performing tasks particular tothe machines utilization. In contrast to application software, system software comprises a largenumber of programs. These programs start up the computer and function as the principlecoordinator of all hardware components and application software. Without system software loadedinto RAM of your computer, your hardware and application software are useless.System software can be grouped into three basic parts: operating system, utility software, andlanguage translators. The majority of an installations utility software consists of programs forperforming activit。