高中英语词汇记忆法和练习.doc

词汇记忆法教学目标：熟悉各种记词法并学会综合运用记忆单词的方法：读音规则法 分类对比记忆法 联想记忆法 构词记忆法一、读音规则法记单词：我们知道 英语总共有26个字母,48个音标,其实每个字母或字母组合都发固定的音；反过来,每个音标都是由固定的字母或字母组合来发音的比如,a 一般发 /eɪ/, /æ/, /ə/ , /ɒ/, /ɑ:/ Late, hand, about, what, fastO 一般发 /əʊ/, /u:/, /ʌ/, /ə/, /ɒ/Note, who, love, today, hotU /ju:/, /ʊ/ /ʌ/, /ə/ Refuse, put, but, support 请看这些单词：Mango buddinghoard /’festɪv/ /’hɔmini/ congratulation优点：记得快,多,朗朗就上口缺点：记形不义,语音要相对比较标准才可以二、分类对比记忆法：其实这是一种大家自不自觉都在使用的一种方法大家从初中开始肯定就发现了See-sea, right-write, meet-meat, too-two, study-learn, see-look-watch, good-well-nice之间的区别与联系吧？只有这样将知识归类对比,我们记得才会深刻,那到底要怎样分类对比呢？1、同义词 2、反义词 3、同音词 4、同类词 5、同源词 6、同形词同义词choose / select seize / catch / grab / grasp show / display/ exhibitcontain/include be able to / be capable of 反义词Optimistic/pessimistic Success/failure Former/latterEntrance/exit Increase/decrease同类词：Vegetable: tomato; potato; carrot; cabbage, mushroom, cucumber …Fruits: apple; pear; peach; grape; water-melon; lemon, mango…transportation: bicycle; car; bus; truck; ship; plane; train; spacecraft…同源词：Present 现在；出席；呈现 Presentation 呈现方式Represent v,代表 Representation n,表现,代表Representative 有代表性的Succeed v 成功 Success n. Successful adj. Successfully adv.Employ v 雇佣 Employer n 雇佣者,雇主Employee n 雇员 Employment n 雇佣同形词：effect/affect/effort/offer/offend experience/experimentappear/appeal 〔呼吁,恳求,上诉Explore/explode/exploration/explosion Attitude/altitude三、联想记忆法Candidate n 候选人 能做能吃的人是候选人Ambulance n 救护车 俺们不 能死赶快去叫救护车Hesitate v 犹豫 他坐下来吃饭 时犹豫了下Assassinate v 暗杀 两只驴在里面吃 东西时被暗杀了Costume n 服饰 花费你我的钱去买服饰Do you want to have a try by yourselves?Leisure n 休闲,休息 累了就一定要休息、休闲Chaos n 混乱,嘈杂 喧嚣、混杂的场面吵死了Attendance n 参加 at+ten+dance 十点跳舞,别忘了参加Smother v 窒息 一根绳子把妈妈肋得快窒息了Mendacity n 撒谎,虚伪 大城市的男人是虚伪,爱撒谎的优点：记得快,牢,对记意思特别有帮助缺点：容易造成读音错误四、构词记忆法Derivation派生法常见的四种否定前缀：Un-, in/im/il/ir-, dis-, mis-前缀意义用法例词un-不,未<=not> 加在形容词或副词前unnecessary, unexpected, unusual相反动作加在动词前Uncover, unlock, undressin-,il-,im-,ir-不,非, 无加在形容词或其派生的名词或副词前incomplete, impossible. impolite, irregular,illegal前缀意义用法例词dis-表示否定加在名词或形容词、动词前dishonour, diseasedislike, disbelievemis-表示错误加在名词、动词或及其派生词前mistake, misread, misunderstanding,misapplymishandle其他前缀：前缀意义用法例词re-表示：再一次,重新用于动词及派生名词名词、形容词及其它名词前<= again>renew, reborn, rebuild, reappear, retellfore-表示：时间或位置的"在前面"加在动词或名词前<= before>foresee, foreleg, forehead, forewordpre-表示：在前、事先、预先加在名词或形容词前<=before, in front, in advance>prepay, prewar, preschool, prehistory前缀意义用法例词post-表示：时间和顺序的"在后边"加在名词或形容词前<= after, behind>post-war,postmodernpostgraduateinter-表示: "互相""在…间"加在名词、形容词前构成动词<= between, among>interchange, international, interactinterdependentsuper-表示：高级、在之上,"超"加在名词前<= above, over, upon>supermarket,supernatural前缀意义例词ex-"前任"ex-president; ex-wife"向外"=outexclude; express; exit; exportmini-"短的""小的"Minibus; miniskirt; minicomputeranti-"防,防止；抗"antibody; antifreeze; Anti-Japanese后 缀1.表示人和物的名词后缀-er, -or, -eer, -ess, -ician, -ist2. 抽象名词和集体名词后缀 -age, -ure, -ity, -ment, -ion, -ism, -y, -al, -ness, -ship, -hood, -ance, -th, -dom3.形容词后缀-able, -al, -ant, -ent, -ic, -ical, -ish, -ive, -ful, -less, -ous, -y, -ed, -en, -ern, -ly4. 副词后缀-ly, -ward, -wards5动词后缀-ate, -en, -fy, -ish, -izeCompound 合成法把两个或两个以上的词合成一个新词, 这种构词的方法叫做合成法. 1. 直接写在一起。