大学英语综合教程第一册Unit4.ppt
62页
Unit 4Text A American Dream:Everyone can succeed as long as he works hard American DreamnThe belief of Americans that their country offers opportunities for a good and successful life. For minorities and immigrants, the dream also includes freedom and equal rights nBecause Americans rejected the European system of society, they had to find a substitute for judging social status. The quality and quantity of an individual’s material possessions became the accepted measure of success and social status. nHard work has been both necessary and rewarding for most Americans throughout their history. Because of this, they have come to see material possessions as the natural reward for their hard work. In some ways, material possessions are seen not only as apparent evidence of people’s work, but also of their abilities. 1. What is American Dream in your opinion?2. What is the reason why there is American Dream rather than Russian Dream or Korean Dream?3. What is your personal dream? How are you going to make your dream come true? collocations: to mow the garden to weed the yard to sweep the lawn to clean up any little tasks to take care of heavy objects to lift the walks to fix things Text analysisTime words and phrases in the narration:One eveningSummer passed into fall…… Tony worked as a help at Mr. Crawford’s houseTony got a job clearing snow at Mr. Crawford’s factoryTony became a skilled worker through learningTony bought a house with the help of Mr. CrawfordTony bought a farm and sent for his family in ItalySimilarities between the fulfillment of Tony’s and American industrialists’ American dreamDifferences between the fulfillment of Tony’s and American industrialists’ American dream Paragraph 1----10I mow your lawn---4 times: shows Tony’s determination in finding a job and his optimistic view that people would help a man who needed a job determination, persistence, constancy, willpower, perserverance What can you infer?nTo mow the lawn nTo weed the gardennTo sweep the walks nTo clean up the yardnTo take care of any little tasknTo lift heavy objectsnTo fix things hard working, helpful, diligent, industrious, studious How to make inferenceNo statement claiming Tony to be a good worker. you can infer from other people’s compliments”1,my wife said he was very helpful2,the personnel department “said Tony was a very good worker”3,I got a report that he had graduated as a skilled grinder4,the farm green with vegetables ,the little house livable and homey n1.turn awayv.拒绝帮助；不让…进入e.g. turn away a beggar/a salesmanA true and trustworthy friend never turns down a friend in trouble.Decline one’s help, invitation,Refuse 2.assumev.1)假设；认为e.g. His wallet was missing and he assumed that one of his roommates stole it.2)担任；承当assume a difficult task/a leading role Who will assume the next American president? when you are assuming the monitor, you have to be responsible for the whole class Paragraph 11-----16What ‘s Tony’s request? 1,got a full-time job---stable 2,wanted to be apprentice—to get skillEvaluation: 1,the personnel said he was good worker 2,he graduated as a skilled grinder Personality:nGo-aheadismnUpandcomingnAggressivenAmbitousnSelf-motivatednpositivity 3, capacity：the ability to catch or do sth. have the capacity for/to do do sth to one’s full capacity 充分发挥聪明才智Those math problems were beyond my capacityHousewives who do not go out to work often feel they are not working to their full capacity. 我怀疑托尼是否有能力学会看图纸，用千分尺，是否能胜任做精密加工工作。
Tony took a cut in pay : Tony’s salary was cut into halfGrinder: 研磨工Millionths of an inch:百万分之一寸Hundredths of one meter百分之一米Shape the grinding wheel: make wheel制作砂轮 shape a good character塑造好的性格 events which shape people's lives 决定人一生的大事An instrument set with a diamond: equipped with diamond镶嵌着金刚石的工具 turn downv.1)拒绝；摒斥（提议、建议等）Law should be made to prevent disabled young people from being turned down by colleges and universities.2)转小或扭小（煤气、音响等）Would you please turn down the TV a little? You know I am writing a term paper. instrumentn.工具，器械，仪器musical/lab instruments[辩]instrument/equipment/apparatusinstrument通常指比较精密的器具、器械equipment指为了进行研究、旅行、战争等所需要的装备apparatus一般仅指仪器、成套的工具 Paragraph 17------21Why Tony can buy that house?1, gurantee2, interest3,a man of character—worthy of trust4, a good job5, hard-working Tony wanted to buy a houseedge:刀刃, 刀锋, 锐利,边, , 边缘, 边界, 界线 a knife with a sharp edge 有利刃的刀 the edge of the table 桌子边 the edge of the cliff 崖边 On the edge of town:--suburbedger:磨边机，刨边机edges:优势 nwrecknWreckage 失事,沉船残骸;沉船漂浮物;残货 nWrecked nwrecking ['rekiŋ] nn. 失事,遇难船,营救难船nPlane ,car crashnCar smash Loan money on credit ,real property to get interest利息Loan money on character: loan money according to his good ,reliable personalityLot: 签, 抽签, 运气, 命运,一块地方 draw by lot, draw lots decide by lot 抽签决定 The lot can be planted with eggplants Reluctant：unwilling to do sth. be reluctant to do sth He is reluctant to borrow me the moneyReluctance,Reluctantly Mortgage: to pay the mortgage 偿付抵押 Lending Policies of Mortgage Banks n抵押银行的借贷政策The house was mortgaged to the bank. 住宅抵押给银行。
a mortgage that is subordinate to a first mortgage. 次于第一按揭的抵押Mortgage is ration for first- time buyer. n抵押只限给初次购买者 down payment 首付分期付款： 1，budget plan 2，divided payments 3，Installment Discard: desertnv.（正式）抛弃，丢弃discard one's wife 遗弃妻子discard old beliefs 抛弃旧信念discard prejudices 放弃偏见discard the dross and select the essential 去粗取精discarded Paragraph 22---27Tony sold his house ,and bought a farm------to realize his dreamIn the eye of Tony’s friend, Tony was a millionaire----successful by his step-by-step hard work Abandonn放弃(=desert)遗弃, 丢弃 放肆, 放纵; 沉湎于nabandon one's idea 放弃自己的想法nHe abandoned his wife and child. 他遗弃了他的妻子和孩子。
n. abandon oneself to 沉缅于, 陷入drug, depression, self-accusationSelf-abandoned自暴自弃的nDo not abandon yourself to despair. 自暴自弃，悲观失望nThey abandon themselves to drinkingnAbandon oneself to his fate 自生自灭 abandon 强调“完全、永远地遗弃”, 尤其是指遗弃以前感兴趣或负有责任的人或物, 如: She abandoned her child. 她遗弃了她的孩子discard:强调丢掉“无用的东西”，遗弃desert 强调“违背誓言、命令、责任、义务等”, The soldier deserted his country and helped the enemy. 那个士兵叛国助敌 forsake 指“遗弃某人以前所爱的人或物”, 强调“断绝情感上的依恋”, 如:She pleaded with her husband not to forsake her. 她恳求丈夫不要抛弃她 sponsor:1,n.发起者, 主办者, 倡仪者 资助者, 出资用广播[电视]节目做广播[电视]广告者 【宗】教父, 教母 class sponsor 班主任2,v.为…作保证人；主办，发起 a government-sponsored research project The football game was said to have been sponsored by a famous shirt factory. He grow in stature in my mind他的形象在我心目中越来越高大Stature: 身材; 身长 才干; (身体, 心智或道德)的发展; (思想的)境界, 高度nbe of mean stature 个子矮小nbe small in stature 身材小na scholar of great stature 一位了不起的学者nthe lofty moral stature 崇高的精神境界 1,Vision,determination,selfcontrol,optimism,self-respect,and above all,integrity.远见，执着，自制，乐观，自尊。
以及最重要的，正直2,The balance sheets 资产负债表were exactly the same. The only difference was where you put the decimal point小数点-----how much money you own Tony didn’t owe a cent,he owned his farm and was regarded as successful as industrilist. n1.If you were Tony, with no money and poor English, but in hope of a better life, what would you do?n2.In many people’s eyes, Tony’s dream is too small to mention, why is it chosen here to illustrate（阐述） American Dream?n3.After reading Tony’s story, what is your understanding of success? nSuccess does mean making big business or becoming somebody,it means fullfilling your limited life nPart VIII Text BnPart IX Key words ExercisenPart X Comprehension QuestionsnPart XI Text Structure n1.Thought of having to take the exam again him, since he has failed several times before.nA. depressed B. defeated C. denied D. declinedn2.The scientist firmly that the plan will work properly after close study of it for long.nA. was; convincing B. is; convinced C. is; convincing D. is; a convince n3.The hijacker he would kill the hostages one after another if his demand was not met.nA. required B. beamed C. threatened D. argued n4.The woman felt heartbroken when her husband her after he learned their one-year-old son became disabled. nA. divorced B. divorced with C. divorced to D. divorce by n5.Asian parents know better than American parents as to how to their children to work hard.nA. memorize B. shower C. mention D. motivaten6.In a job interview, what matters is to your employers your ability to do the required job.nA. assure; with B. ensure; of C. assure; of D. insure; with n7.His parents were greatly by the news that he failed the driving test for which he had been preparing for at least three months. nA. astonished B. assigned C. addressed D. scaredn8.Before a test, an effective way to nervousness is to take a deep breath.nA. snap B. proceed C. severe D. conquer n9.As a nurse, she has many duties to in caring for a sick.nA. figure out B. fulfill C. come up with D. surviven10.Up to now the police sufficient evidence to prove the suspect guilty no matter how hard he tried to deny it.nA. have obtained B. has retained C. has obtained D. have contained n11.Since the young man was CEO of the multinational company, he has less time to stay with his family.nA. appreciated B. appointed C. afforded D. approvedn12.Usually one doesn’t understand what his parents have for him until one has his own children.nA. sampled B. scheduled C. sacrificed D. offered n13.Years of civil war in that country calls for the international peace-keeping troops to n peace and order .nA. reconstruct B. release C. recall D. restoren14.It is quite normal that a teenager sometimes can’t the good from the bad.nA. distinguish B. depart C. drain D. beam n15.The two old friends who hadn’t seen each other for ages embraced in great excitement when they came across on a train.nA. eased B. engaged C. embrace D. estimated n1.Why was the delicate brain-separation operation Ben Carson once performed talked about in great detail?n2.Was the dream of being a successful surgeon sought or created by Ben Carson?n (Para.1-3)A surprising beginning of Ben Carson’s speech to a graduating class(Para.4-18)Stories of Ben Carson’s road to success(Para.19-23)Further encouragement to the class n21.createnv.创造，创作（尤其是新东西）ncreate a piece of music创作以首乐曲nGod created the world.nIt is said that the new project will created up to 90 jobs in the small town.n Thank You! n12.spotnn.地点；斑点nmake on- the-spot observations/recordsnv.（从很多人或物中）察出；认出；看见（某人或某物）nThe thieves were spotted by the police as they were entering the bank.nHe is a very tall man, easy to spot in a crowd. n13.amazenv.使惊愕，使诧异nAll the people present were amazed at the excellent performances given by the disabled children. n14.dietnn.1)日常饮食nNow an increasing number of people are aware that a balanced diet and regular exercise are both for health.n2)某人（因医疗的理由等）被限制食用的食物na low-fat diet低脂肪饮食nThe doctor advised the fat girl to go on a diet to lose weight. n19.handlenv.管理，处理；操纵nhandle a machine/motorcar/childrennOnly an experienced pilot can handle a plane in critical situations. nIt is a difficult situation, but everyone believes that he is able to handle it very well. n20.routenn.路线，路程nWhat is the shortest route from Beijing to Guangzhou?nThe apartment they are going to buy is on the bus route. n1,wreck 2,balance 3, approaching 4,handle 5,discard 6,have worked out7,above all 8, passed away 9, diet10, do with 11, confidence 12, cleaned up 13, property 14, weekly 15, amuse euphemism:1---5: dehcg 6—8:abfStructure :1,everyday ,the kids came from school dusty and hungry2,the newly-appointed director walked to his office cheerful and confident3,ben hurried home ,anxious to watch the football league game on TV4,jenny opened the door quietly ,afraid of waking the baby up A:1,create 2,sponsored 3,amazed 4,determination 5,away 6,capacity 7,loan 8,character 9,hunting 10,send forB: 1,with 2,until 3,in 4,or 5,kids 6, up7,dream 8,more 9,for 10, open 11,house 12,don’t 13,and 14,you nAfter graduating from college ,Tony decided to start his own business. At the beginning , many a bank turned down his request for a loan. But he was not a bit discouraged ,and continued to call on one banker after another seeking help. Impressed by his determination and optimism ,one banker finally agreed to loan him the money. Now he has become a wealthy businessman. Talking about his amazing achievement, tony puts great emphasis on the importance of creating ,rather than waiting for opportunities 。
