成高专升本英语课件 句法.ppt

句法,,Chapter 15 基本句型和句子成分,基本句型： 1）SV（主+动） e.g. Fools seldom differ. 2 ) SVC (主+联系动词+表语) e.g. They are newcomers. 3 ) SVO ( 主+动+宾 ) e.g. Thinking requires practice. 4 ) SVOiOd ( 主+动+间宾+直宾) e.g. The nurse gave him a penicillin shot. 5 ) SVOCo (主+动+宾+宾补) e.g. The parents consider the child a genius.,,Exercise: 1 The early bird catches the worm. 2 He assigned Jack the toughest job. 3 Policemen are the guardians of the law. 4 We found John a loyal friend. 5 The children spent much of their time on reading practice.,,英语句子的基本成分 可分为主语（subject）和谓语(predicate)两部分。

其中谓语部分包括谓语动词、表语、宾语（直宾和间宾）、宾补、状语、定语、同位语、呼语 e.g. To be of some help to you would be a great pleasure. My favorite sport is skating. Jimmy, a singer, made a speech on the square. Tailor, my husband prefers his trousers shorter. The first prize was two notebooks.,,练习，指出下列句子各个划线部分是句子的什么成分 1 In fact, her father used to drink and smoke in his youth. But he doesn’t now. 2 The lazy young man looked quite a different person after the labor on the farm. 3 Reading is learning, and applying is also learning. 4 I don’t remember where I put my key to the door after opening it.,Chapter 16 基本句式,句子按用途来分类分成：陈述句、疑问句、祈使句、感叹句。

陈述事实或看法的句子称为陈述句陈述句可分为肯定句和否定句 e.g. Scientists of that day considered his experiments to be without merit. He doesn’t mean to hurt your feeling. We never expected you to be here at this time. There’s nothing like a holiday to make one feel rested.,,疑问句可以分为一般疑问句、特殊疑问句、反意疑问句和选择疑问句 一般疑问句是指用yes 或no来回答的句子 e.g. Have you noticed anything else strange? Did she invite any other guests to her party? Can you remember any advice he gave to you?,,特殊疑问句是用特殊疑问词就句中某一特殊部分提问的问句，答话者针对特殊疑问词回答特殊疑问词有who, whom, what, which, where, when ,why, how 等。

e.g. Who would like to play tennis with me? Whose garden is the best one in the street? Why are you so interested in my affairs? How did she do that? What time will the train start?,,反意疑问句是在句子后附加一简短的一般疑问句构成的问句，用以要求对方判断或证实所陈述的事，前、后两部分意思相反（前肯定，后否定 或者 前否定，后肯定） e.g. The foreigner can understand what you mean , can’t he? The woman never offers help to them, does she?,,感叹句： What a beautiful city（it is）, isn’t it? 第二人称祈使句： Please post the letter for me, won’t / can’t / will / can / you? 第一人称祈使句： Let’s give him some advice, shall we? 选择题练习： be quiet, everybody, you? The meeting is going to begin. A Do, do B Don’t, do C Don’t, will D Do, will “None of them need do any work today, they?” “Yes, all of them ” A needn’t, need B mustn’t, must C need, needn’t D need, must,,选择疑问句是问话者提供两个或两个以上答案供对方择一回答的问句。

1 一般疑问句+ or + 一般疑问句 Is it still raining or has it stopped ? Have you or your parents been there once ? 2 特殊疑问句 + 省略的选择疑问句 Who is reading there, Jack or tom ? 肯定的一般疑问句 + or not Have you sent the letter or not ?,,祈使句是表示命令、要求、请求等的句子，谓语动词用动词原形 第一人称祈使句： e.g. Let me take a breath. Let’s help you somehow. 第二人称祈使句： e.g. Put down your gun! Hand up! Don’t forget to bring your son next time! 第三人称祈使句： e.g. Let each man decide for himself ! Don’t let them leave the place at night !,,感叹句是表示赞叹、惊异、喜悦等感情的句子 What a fine day it is! What a great hurry he is in! How fast he is! How fast the time flies! 练习P169 综合检测试题,,句子按结构来分类可分成简单句、并列句和复合句。