北师大高一英语必修一知识点与练习.doc

北师大版高中英语知识概要与语法总结必修一第一单元：一般现在时，现在进展时，be going to 第二单元：一般过去时，过去进展时，现在完成时第三单元：被动语态，情态动词北师大版高一英语必修一第1单元一.重点句法词法 Lesson 11.rela*ing. Rela*ing 是由及物动词rela*+ing构成的形容词，意思是“轻松的，令人放松的〞Boring和rela*ing的构词法一样，意思是“令人厌烦的，单调乏味的〞Rela*ed“放松的〞和bored“无聊的〞常用来修饰人；而rela*ing和boring均表示“令人……〞，常修饰物Mary felt rela*ed to make a rela*ing conversation with a good friend, while Peter got bored with a lot of boring homework to do.和一个好朋友的轻松交谈让玛丽感到很放松，而要做很多无聊的作业使彼得感到很厌烦The teacher said something rela*ing to get him rela*ed, so Peter decided to do something satisfying to make the tacher satisfied.教师对他说了一些让人放松的事情使他放松，于是彼得决定做点儿令人满意的事情让教师满意。

2.suppose〔认为，猜测〕的用法1)suppose+that从句，表示“猜测，假定〞I suppose that you are right.. 我想你是对的2)supose+名词/代词+to be…表示“认为……是……〞Many people suppose him to be over 50.许多人认为他已经50多岁了3)suppose/supposing作“假定，设想〞讲，相当于连词if.Suppose you are wrong,what will you do then" 假设你错了，你将会怎样做呢.(4)be supposed to“被期望做……，应该做……〞表示劝告、建议、义务、责任等，相当于情态动词should.Am I supposed to clean all the rooms or just this one" 我是应该清扫所有房间呢还是只这一间.They were supposed to be here an hour ago.(5)用于简单答语中Do you think we’ll have good weather this weekend" 你认为周末天气会好吗.-I suppose so/not. 我想会吧/我想不会。

5.Imagine.(1)imaging sb. Doing sth. 想象*人做*事I just can imagine him saying that! 我确实能想象到他则说！(3)imagine sb./sth.(to be)认为*人/*事……Don’t imagine your husband to be always wrong.(4)imagine+that从句 想象，误认为Your can’t imagine he should make such a mistake.你不到他竟然犯了这样的错误6.forty-three-year-old是复合形容词，作定语，其中year不能用复数7.until到……〔时间、地点〕为止He stayed here until twelve o’clock. 他在这里一直待到十二点Until还可以作连词not…until…意思是“直到……才……〞He will not give you any answer until he has thought it over. 他对此事仔细考虑之后才会给你答复8.与“开、关〞有关的词(1)open/close/shut与door, window, bo*, book,eyes等连用(2)switch on/off多与radio, TV, light, puter等连用(3)turn on/off比switch on/off更通俗，多与radio, gas, water等连用。

9.while引导时间状语从句，意思是“当……的时候，与……同时〞，表示两个动作同时进展或两种状态同时存在He was still studying while the others were sleeping.While还可以表示“然而、却〞，连接两个并列句，含有比照的意味Many people try their best to help the homeless while some just stand by.很多人尽力于帮助那些无家可归的人，而有些人只是袖手旁观12.It takes sb. Some time to do sth. It takes some time for sb. To do sth.这两个句型是固定句型，意思是“*人花费多少时间做*事〞13.“get+过去分词〞构成系表构造，通常强调动作的发生，也可指状态的变化此类构造还有：get lost 迷路get dressed 穿衣get hurt 受伤get paid得到报酬get married结婚14.动词不定式作后置定语当被修饰的名词或代词有序数词、形容词最高级或ne*t, last only等限定词时，要使用动词不定式作定语。

I am alwaysthe first person to get to the office. 我总是第一个到办公室Miss Brown is the last person to rise to speak.布朗小姐是最后一个站起来发言的人15.be filled with充满着，相当于be full offill…up with用……装满，填满fill in填写；度过〔时光〕16.so+形容词或副词+that…引导结果状语从句，意思是“如此……以至于……〞(1)so that=in order thatHe works very hard so that he can buy his own apartment.他努力工作，为的是能买一套自己的公寓2)such…that作“如此……以至于〞讲，连接一个表示结果的状语从句He was such an honest man that he was praised by the teacher.他非常老实，因而受到了教师的表扬注意：如果后边的名词前由many, much,few, little等词修饰的话，则不用such而用so.18.plain to sb.about/of sth. 向*人抱怨/诉苦……plain about sth. to sb. 向*人抱怨*事 She is always plaining about something. 她总是满腹牢骚Lesson 22.stresslay/place/put stress on把重点放在……上3.take place与happen, occur的用法区别take place:指按方案、安排“发生〞；“举行，进展〞，相当于holdhappen：指偶然、意外的“发生〞；“碰巧〞，后面接动词不定式occur作“发生〞解，一般可与happen互换。

Occur还表示“想起、想到〞It happened that the driver was his cousin. 那位司机碰巧是他的表弟When will the basketball game take place" 篮球赛何时举行.The idea occurred to him in a dream.5.reduce…to 表示“减少到……〞；其中介词to表示“减少后的结果〞 reduce…by表示“减少了……〞；其中介词by表示“减少的程度或幅度〞7.prefer sth./doing sth.更喜欢……Prefer to do sth.. 宁愿做*事Prefer sth./doing sth. to sth./doing sth.宁愿……而不愿……Prefer sb. To do sth.. 宁愿*人做*事Prefer to do sth. rather than do 宁愿……而不愿…… Lesson 31.volunteer作动词，表“自愿去做〞常跟to do 不定式The young man volunteered to help the old man. 那个年轻人主动去帮助那位老年人。

2. pay attention to…注意，留心，重视，Draw/attract one’s attetion (to)引起*人的注意；使*人注意…… Lesson 42.有关make sure的短语(1) make sure that+宾语从句注意：make sure 后面常接that引导的宾语从句，后接名词时需加介词of/about一般不用不定式，没有make sure to do sth.的句型2) be sure to do sth.务必/一定会做*事(3) be sure of/about… be sure that+从句，表示肯定……，对……有把握3.especially, specialy, particularlyespecially:意为“尤其、特别地〞用来加强语气，常用在所强调的主语、介词短语、形容词、副词及状语从句前specially:意这“特意的，专门地〞强调不广泛，是专门为*一目的而进展的特地行为Particularly：=in particular“特别的，尤其〞；表过*事不寻常、过分或特别重要常用于修饰名词、介词短语。

6.as a result因此，结果As a result of +n./pron.由于……7.e up with 提出，想出〔方案、主意等〕e across偶然遇到e about发生，产生e out发行； e true成真，变成现实9. “主语+be+said/thought/believed/supposed等+动词不定式〞句型表示“据说，人们说……〞，相当于〞It is/was+said/thought/believed/supposed等+that从句〞It is said that Sydney is beautiful.10.make a difference：有关系，有影响二.语法1.一般现在时构成和句式：肯定式：主语+do/does或be(me/is/are)+其他否认式：主语+do/does+not或be(me/is/are)+not+其他疑问式：Do/Does或Be(am/is/are)+主语+其他用法：〔1〕表示现在发生的动作或存在的状态You look good in this new suit.〔2〕表示经常性，习惯性的动作或存在的状态常与usually, often, always, every day, sometimes, once a month, ne。