定语从句讲解.ppt

定语从句讲解定语从句讲解定语从句复习定语从句复习定定语语从从句句限制性定语从句限制性定语从句非限制性定语从句非限制性定语从句限制性定语从句的构成限制性定语从句的构成The old lady who lives next to us sells books.You should do all that I said.I have found the teather whom I am looking for .I visited the factory where my father works.关系代词关系代词     关系副词关系副词先行词先行词 之后之后,用陈述式语序用陈述式语序“….的的”关系词关系词1.从句位置及语序从句位置及语序:2.翻译方法翻译方法:3.构成构成先行词和关系词的关系先行词和关系词的关系1.A plane is a machine that can fly.         2.The boy who broke the window is called Tom.3.The boy whose parents are dead was brought up by his grandfather.4.The school where I study is far from my home.the machine = thatthe boy =whothe boy’s =whosein the school = where关系代词实际上是先行词的复指关系代词实际上是先行词的复指关系词关系词whose实际上是先行词的所有格实际上是先行词的所有格关系副词实际上是介词＋先行词关系副词实际上是介词＋先行词Join the following sentences:A plane is a machine. The machine can fly.先行词和关系词的关系先行词和关系词的关系Join the following sentences:A plane is a machine. The machine can fly.A plane is can fly.关系代词的实质关系代词的实质the machinea machineJoin the following sentences:A plane is a machine. The machine can fly.A plane is can fly.关系代词的实质关系代词的实质a machine that /which关系代词的实质关系代词的实质Join the following sentences:The lady is Green. We saw her yesterday. herThe lady we saw         yesterday is Green                 Who/that指人指人指物指物主语主语宾语宾语that whichwhowhom关系代词的用法关系代词的用法√√√√√√√√√√√√××××关系代词在从句中可以：关系代词在从句中可以：何时可以省略？何时可以省略？做做宾语宾语时可以省略时可以省略关系代词的用法练习关系代词的用法练习1.The eggs were not fresh. I bought them yesterday.2.The friend was not hungry. He came to supper last night.3.He prefers the cheese. It comes from his parent’s farm. 4.The noodles were delicious. You cooked them. 5.I don’t like the people. They smoke a lot. The eggs (that/which) I bought  them were not fresh. The friend who/ that  he came to supper last night was not hungry. He prefers the cheese that / which it  comes from his parent’s farm.The noodles( which/ that )you cooked them were delicious.I don’t like the people that / who they smoke a lot.关系副词和先行词的关系关系副词和先行词的关系I still remember the day when I came here.                    This is the house where I lived last year.     There are many reasons why people like traveling.             I don’t like the way that you speak.             on the day =whenin the house= wherefor the reasons =whyin the way =that关系副词实际上是介词＋先行词关系副词实际上是介词＋先行词1.I’ll never forget the days______________ we worked together.                       2.I’ll never forget the days ___________ we spent together.                        3.I went to the place                                  I worked ten years ago.                  4.I went to the place _____________ I visited ten years ago.                  5.This is the reason _____________________ he was late.                  6.This is the reason _____________________ he gave.                  when /in whichwhichwhere/ in whichwhichwhy/ for whichthat/which几种易混的情况几种易混的情况及物动词及物动词及物动词及物动词及物动词及物动词难用的难用的 whoseThe teacher praised the student. His English is the best in our class.The teacher praised the student whose English is the best in our class.Join the following pair of sentences.whose =the student’s关系词关系词whose实际上是先行词的所有格实际上是先行词的所有格难用的难用的 whoseThe house is mine. The window of the house is broken.Join the following pair of sentences.The house whose window is broken is mine. whose=the house’s windowThe house is mine.the window of which is brokenof which the window is broken非限制性定语从句非限制性定语从句The town where I live is beautiful.Kenli, where I live, is beautiful.Teachers who are kind are popular with the students.Mr Wang, who is kind, is popular with the students.Please compare:形式形式作用作用能否省略能否省略 翻译翻译限制性定限制性定语从句语从句非限制性非限制性定语从句定语从句插入成分插入成分修饰限定修饰限定补充解释补充解释不能不能能能….的的Teachers who are kind are popular with the students.Mr Wang, who is kind, is popular with the students.分析两种定语从句省略后的结果分析两种定语从句省略后的结果The town where I live is beautiful.Kenli, where I live, is beautiful.分析两种定语从句省略后的结果分析两种定语从句省略后的结果限制性定语从句省略后主语所指就不明确，限制性定语从句省略后主语所指就不明确，所以不能省略所以不能省略非限制性定语从句和单句的比较非限制性定语从句和单句的比较2.He failed in the exam._______ made his parents angry.3.He failed in the exam, _______made his parents angry.4.He has two sons. Both of ________ are teachers. 5.He has two sons, both of ________ are teachers.Thiswhichwhomthem× that1.I am reading Harry Porter, _____is an interesting book.whichas 引导的非限制性定语从句引导的非限制性定语从句The earth is round._____ is known to all.The earth is round,_____ is known to all._____ is known to all, the earth is round______ is known to all that the earth is round.Itwhich/ as AsItas 具有正如之意，与之搭配的动词一般是固定的，如：具有正如之意，与之搭配的动词一般是固定的，如：as you know/ as you see/as we planned/as we expected定语从句在句首时只能用定语从句在句首时只能用as,as 引导的非限制性定语从句引导的非限制性定语从句 (1)This is the same pen as I lost.This is the same pen that I lost.Please compare:这本书和我丢的那本一模一样。

这本书和我丢的那本一模一样这本书就是我丢的那本这本书就是我丢的那本as 引导的限制性定语从句引导的限制性定语从句 (2)This is such an interesting book ____ we all like.This is so interesting a book _____ we all like.This is such an interesting book ____we all like it.This is so interesting a book ____we all like it.asthatPlease complete the following sentences and compare:asthat这是大家都喜欢的如此有趣的一本书这是大家都喜欢的如此有趣的一本书定语从句定语从句)这本书如此有趣，大家都喜欢这本书如此有趣，大家都喜欢结果状语从句结果状语从句)介词介词+关系代词的情况关系代词的情况 1The man whom you spoke was a scientist.The city which she lives is far away.toin介词介词+关系代词的情况关系代词的情况 2The man     who/whom  you spoke     was a scientist.The city        that/which she lives     is far away.toinAre these two sentences right?介词介词+关系代词的情况关系代词的情况 3The man who/whom you spoke was a scientist.The city that/which she lives is far away.toin× × Are these two sentences right?可见可见,who、、that 不能用与介词之后不能用与介词之后 介词介词+关系代词的情况关系代词的情况 4Is this the watch that you are looking for?The old man whom I am looking after is better . 在固定短语中介词不能提前在固定短语中介词不能提前下面两句中的介词能提前吗下面两句中的介词能提前吗?§1.  Do you like the book                              she spent $10?     §2.  Do you like the book                                she paid $10?§3.  Do you like the book                               she learned a lot?    §4.  Do you like the book                                she often talks? §5.  He built a telescope                                he could study the skies.介词介词+关系代词的情况关系代词的情况 练习练习on whichfor whichfrom whichabout whichthrough which§6. There is a tall tree outside,                               stands our teacher.§7.  China has a lot of rivers, the second longest _______§   is the Yellow River.§8. The tower _______         people can have a good view §    is on the hill.§9. The man ________ I spoke on the phone last night §    is very good at wrestling.§10. He paid the boy $10 for washing ten windows, §     most ______        hadn’t been cleaned for at least a year.under whichof whichfrom whichto whomof which1.当先行词是不定代词时当先行词是不定代词时,如如:All ,few, little, much, every, something, anything, everything, 等等只能用只能用that 做关系代词的情况做关系代词的情况2.当先行词被当先行词被the only, the very, the same, little, few, no, any等修饰时等修饰时3.当人和物合做先行词时当人和物合做先行词时4.当先行词被序数词或形容词最高级修饰时当先行词被序数词或形容词最高级修饰时 5.在疑问词在疑问词who、、which、、what开头的句子中开头的句子中在非限制性定语从句中在非限制性定语从句中只能用只能用which 做关系代词的情况做关系代词的情况在介词后面在介词后面1.He did all / everything _______he could to help me.2.This is the very thing _______ I am after.3.We talked about the men and the things _______ we remembered at school.4.He is the only man _______ can do the work.5.This is the first thing _______ I want to say.6.He is the finest man _______ I have ever worked with.7.Who is the man _______ spoke to you at the gate.8.Which is the star _______ is nearest to the earth.          Exercise   that , which or who?thatthatthatthatthatthatthatthatthat , which ,whose, whom or who?9.Is there anything else _______ you want to say?10.Any person _______ has the money can join the group.11.He often speaks the role he played in the play, _______ made others upset.12.He opened the door, in front of _______ sat a boy.13.The man to _______ I spoke is a famous scientist.14.The boy _______ mother is dead was brought up       by his father.thatthatwhichwhich whomwhose。