公共管理导论重点梳理.docx

公共管理导论重点梳理 一、传统公共行政的基本原理 1)The first of these was that of bureaucracy, that government should organize themselves according to the hierarchical. 2)Secondly, there was one-best-way of working and procedures were set out in comprehensive manuals for administrators to follow. 3)The third principle was bureaucratic delivery. 4)Fourthly, there was general belief among administrators in the politics/administration dichotomy. 5)Fifthly, the motivation of the individual public servant was assumed to be that of the public interest, in that service to the public was provided selflessly. 6)Sixthly, require a professional bureaucracy, neutral, anonymous, employed for life, with the ability to serve any political master equally. 7)Seventhly, the tasks involved in public service were indeed administrative. （ 二、行政与管理的区别 行政从本质上是指执行指令和服务；而管理则指： （1）实现结果；（2）管理者实现结果的个人责任。

Administration essentially involves following instructions and service, while management involves: first, the achievement of results, and secondly, personal responsibility by the manager for results being achieved. 三、变革的紧迫问题 ①对公共部门的抨击（表现在规模、范围和方法三个方面） The attack on the public sector. ②经济理论的变革：公共选择理论；委托—代理理论；交易成本理论 Changes in economic theory. ['prins?p?l] ③私营部门的变革 The impact of changes in the private sector. ④技术变革 Changes in technology. 第二章传统的公共行政模式 2. 在1883年，通过了《文官法》（《彭德尔顿法》），该法成立了一个由两党成员组成的文官委员会，其内容主要包括四点： The holding of competitive examinations for all applicants to the classified service. The making of appointments to the classified service from those graded highest in the examinations. The interposition of an effective probationary period before absolute appointment. The apportionment of appointments at Washington according to the population of the several states and other major areas. 3．威尔逊提出的观点认为，政治官员应当负责制定政策，行政部门则应负责执行政策。

Wilson put forth the view that politicians should be responsible for making policy, while the administration would be responsibility for carrying it out. 本文来源：网络收集与整理，如有侵权，请联系作者删除，谢谢！第3页 共3页第 3 页 共 3 页第 3 页 共 3 页第 3 页 共 3 页第 3 页 共 3 页第 3 页 共 3 页第 3 页 共 3 页第 3 页 共 3 页第 3 页 共 3 页第 3 页 共 3 页第 3 页 共 3 页。