被动式采暖技术在关中地区民居中的应用研究.pdf

西安建筑科技大学硕士学位论文 被动式采暖技术在关中地区民居中的应用研究 专 业：建筑技术科学 硕 士 生：马江波 指导教师：闫增峰 教授 摘 要 当前，全球性的环境恶化和能源资源危机已经引起全人类的普遍重视建筑作为人类利用自然、改造自然的一项重要社会活动，在建造和使用的过程中都会消耗大量的常规能源如何减少建筑能耗，尤其是减少建筑使用阶段的能耗已经成为目前建筑从业者的迫切任务在经历了自然变迁的洗涤与漫长岁月的磨砺后，关中传统民居以其特有的空间形式、丰富的文化内涵以及“冬暖夏凉”的热环境成为了健康生态建筑的典范本文试图从关中民居所具备的“自然采暖与空调效应”特点入手，以陕西关中地区典型四合院在冬季室内外热环境状况为例，对关中传统民居冬季热过程作以分析研究，全面解析被动式采暖技术在关中民居中的应用问题 本研究通过对关中地区 14 家典型传统民居的全面调研，从适应地域气候角度，定性分析关中民居的整体布局、建筑特征等依据前人对关中民居热工特性的研究成果，系统地分析了陕西关中典型传统民居“南北窄长四合庭院”冬季建筑热环境特性与调节手段，并在此理论基础上，建立庭院热过程数学模型。

选取关中典型庭院式民居——窄长型四合院进行实测研究，得到一组具体反映关中地区四合院冬季热环境的测试数据将测试数据值与数学模型计算值作对比，验证庭院冬季热过程数学模型的正确性；通过对测试数据的分析比较以及民居的太阳辐射模拟，得出更加完整直观的民居建筑冬季热环境状况 结合关中民居实地调研成果，总结完善关中民居被动式采暖技术策略利用这些被动式采暖技术策略对关中典型民居提出适宜改造方案，以期为新农村建设设计人员提供参考和帮助 关键词：关键词：关中传统民居 热环境 测试 被动式采暖技术 西安建筑科技大学硕士学位论文 ※本研究得到了“十二五”国家科技支撑计划课题《夏热冬冷地区采暖模式研究》（2011BAJ03B06）和 2011 年陕西省科技统筹创新工程计划项目《城市建筑节能技术和新产品集成与示范》项目（2011KTCQ03-07）的资助 西安建筑科技大学硕士学位论文 Research on Passive Heating Technology's Application to vernacular dwellings in Guan Zhong Areas Major Subject: Building technique science Name: Ma Jiang Bo Instructor: Prof. Zengfeng Yan ABSTRACT Currently, global environmental degradation as well as crisis of energy and resource have increasingly attracted attention of all mankind. Construction, as an important social activity which people utilizes and transforms the nature, may consume a great deal conventional energy in the process of establishment and utilization. How to reduce energy consumption of construction, especially how to reduce energy consumption during building utilization, has presently become the urgent task for construction practitioners. Experienced natural change and long years, Guanzhong vernacular dwellings has become the model of healthy and ecological construction for its special structure of space and resourceful cultural significance as well as the thermal environment--warm in winter and cool in summer. From the characteristics of “natural heating and air conditioning effect”of Guanzhong vernacular dwellings.This article attempts to make an analysis and research on heating process of Guanzhong vernacular dwellings in winter. The indoor and outdoor thermal environment of typical courtyards in Guanzhong area of Shaanxi Province during winter will be taken as examples. The article is expected to conduct a comprehensive analysis on passive heating technology for Guanzhong vernacular dwellings. From the perspective of adaptable regional climate, the study makes a qualitative analysis on overall layout and architectural features of Guanzhong vernacular dwellings. 14 typical and traditional vernacular dwellings in Guanzhong area have been comprehensively investigated. On the basis of previous research on thermal features of Guanzhong vernacular dwellings, the article systematically analyzes thermal environmental characteristics and adjustment methods in winter for Shaanxi Guanzhong 西安建筑科技大学硕士学位论文 typical and traditional vernacular dwellings--courtyards which are narrow and lengthy in south-north direction. Based on above theory, narrow and lengthy courtyards, which are typical vernacular dwellings in Xi'an, are selected for measurement and research. Mathematical models for the heating process are established.Besides, a group of test data specifically reflecting thermal environment of courtyards in Guanzhong area during winter is obtained. The test data are compared with the calculated data of mathematical models. Therefore, the correctness of the mathematical models for heating process of courtyards during winter can be validated. Through the field research and test as well as the simulation for solar radiation of vernacular dwellings, analysis on thermal environment of vernacular dwellings during winter will be made more completely and directly. Combined with the field survey results of Guanzhong vernacular dwellings, passive heating technology and strategy are summarized and improved. Above mentioned passive heating technology and strategy can be applied to offer appropriate reform scheme for Guanzhong vernacular dwellings. They may also provide reference and assistance for designers in the construction of new countryside. Key words: Guanzhong vernacular dwellings, thermal environment, test, passive heating technology. ※This research was financially supported by“Twelfth Five-Year National Technology Program”(2011BAJ03B06)and the Science and Technology Resource Coordinate Project of Shaanxi Province(2011KTCQ03-07). 西安建筑科技大学硕士学位论文 I目 录 1.绪 论 ..............................................................1 1.1 课题研究的背景..................................................1 1.2 相关国内外研究..................................................2 1.2.1 国内研究现状................................................3 1.2.2 国外研究现状................................................5 1.2.3 国内外工程实践..............................................6 1.3 研究的内容及方法................................................6 1.4 研究方案和措施..................................................7 1.5 本文的工作重点........。