人教新课标考点辅导课件选修八-Unit(共57张PPT).pptx

Click to edit Master title style,Click to edit Master text styles,Second level,Third level,Fourth level,Fifth level,11/7/2009,,‹#›,,,,,,,,,,,,Unit 5 Meeting your,ancestors,,第1页，共57页考纲知识预览,熟记单词,1,．,,,(,adj,.),试探性的，犹豫的,2,．,,,(,n,.&,adj,.),可供选择的事物；两者择一的,3,．,,,(,n,.),精确,4,．,,,(,vt,.),打断,5,．,,,(,vt,.),假定，设想,6,．,,,(,vt,.),使锋利,7,．,,,(,adj,.),足够的,,tentative,alternative,accuracy,interrupt,assume,sharpen,ample,第2页，共57页考纲知识预览,8,．,,,(,adj,.),原始的，简陋的,9,．,,,(,vt,.),保存，保持,10,．,,,(,n,.),植物学,11,．,,,(,n,.),分析,12,．,,,(,adj,.),详尽的，具体的,13,．,,,(,n,.),种类，范畴,14,．,,,(,n,.),意义，重要性,15,．,,,(,adv,.),不知怎么地,16,．,,,(,vi,.&,vt,.),鼓掌欢迎；赞赏,,primitive,preserve,botany,analysis,specific,category,significance,somehow,applaud,第3页，共57页。

考纲知识预览,17,．,,,(,vt,.),加速，促进,18,．,,,(,vt,.),逮捕，吸引,19,．,,,(,adj,.),眩晕的,20,．,,,(,n,.),减轻，消除,21,．,,,(,n,.),划分，分界线,22,．,,,(,n,.),恋爱，喜爱,23,．,,,(,adj,.),耐心的,24,．,,,(,adj,.),熟练的,25,．,,,(,adj,.),系统的,,accelerate,arrest,dizzy,relief,division,affection,patient,skilful,systematic,第4页，共57页考纲知识预览,1.,不管；不顾,2,．切碎,3,．向前看，为将来打算,4,．吓跑,5,．与,……,不同,6,．为某人的抉择喝彩,翻译词组,regardless of,cut up,look ahead,scare...away,differ from,applaud one’s choice,第5页，共57页考纲知识预览,7,．成群的动物,8,．对,……,有耐心,9,．到达目的地,10,．欣慰地,11,．使人感到欣慰的是,12,．有技巧,13,．意识到，知道,,,herds of animals,be patient with,reach one’s destination,with relief,to one’s relief,be skilled at,be aware of,第6页，共57页。

考纲知识预览,Abruptly she sat down,，,only to be scooped up,by her laughing,，,shouting sister,，,Luna.,突然间她坐了下去，却被她那又笑又叫的妹妹卢娜一把搂了起来背诵句型,第7页，共57页考纲知识预览,[,例句仿写,],,(1)I rushed to Li Hua’s home,，,only to find he was out,.,我匆忙赶到李华家，结果却发现他不在2)Tom went to swim with his friend,，,only to be drowned,.,汤姆和朋友去游泳，结果被淹死了第8页，共57页巧学活用,,,,,,,点击进入,第9页，共57页名师一线讲坛,1. alternative adj.,供选择的；其他的,n,．　可能的选择；选择对象,alternative energy,替代能源,an alternative to...……,的替代品,have no alternative but to do sth.,别无选择只好做,……,There is no alternative...……,别无选择,,第10页，共57页。

名师一线讲坛,alternative,，,choice,，,selection,(1)alternative,一般强调在只有两种可能性或者行为方式之间进行的选择An unhappy alternative is before you.Your mother will never see you again if you do not marry Mr.Collins,，,and I will never see you again if you do.,摆在你面前的是个很不幸的难题，你得自己去选择如果你不嫁给柯林斯先生，你母亲就再也不想见你，而如果你要嫁给他，我就再也不愿见到你比较网站,第11页，共57页名师一线讲坛,(2)choice,泛指从一组人或物中进行的自由选择，指选择，挑选，抉择The store offers a wide choice of fruit and vegetables.,商店提供许多可供选择的水果和蔬菜3)selection,含有从许多可供选择的人或物中择优选拔的意思Parents should be careful in their selection of the movies their young children see.,家长们在为孩子们挑选电影时应小心谨慎。

第12页，共57页名师一线讲坛,1,．完成句子,(1)__________________ (,任你选择,) of marrying or remaining a bachelor.,(2)I offered the ___________________(,提供选择的建议,) of spending the vacation in the mountains or by the sea.,即境活用,第13页，共57页名师一线讲坛,(3)Do you ____________________ (,其他的解决方案,) to the problem?,答案：,(1)You have the alternative,,(2)alternative suggestions,,(3)have an alternative solution,,,第14页，共57页名师一线讲坛,2. assume v,．　假定；设想；假装；承担,(1)assume sb./sth. to be,假定,/,假设某人,/,某事为,It is assumed that...……,被认为,(2)assumption,n,．假定，假设,make an assumption,认为，假定,on the assumption that,假定,(3)assuming that...,假设,/,假定,……,,第15页，共57页。

名师一线讲坛,assume,，,guess,，,imagine,(1)assume,假设，设想，认为；指很少或完全无根据的心理推测，并非合乎逻辑的推理，或指为论证而提出有一定根据的假设2)guess,猜测，猜想，最常用词，指毫无根据仅凭个人主观臆断或碰运气的猜测3)imagine,想像，指毫无根据、随意想像，可在脑海中构成清晰的明确的图像比较网站,第16页，共57页1)I __________________(本以为他是教师)．,An unhappy alternative is before you.,(2)I’ve __________________ (浏览了所有文件) but I still can’t find the contract.,look after照料，照顾；,Animals in the wild or in natural working conditions had lifespans twice that or more of their relatives in zoos.,(1)assume sb.,It is a heartening move with two major benefits.,From my point of view.,Have you ever passed a border between two countries？If so，you were probably questioned by a customs inspector.,If only it could be just like last year!,herds of animals,For example/instance，.,What impresses me most is that.,名师一线讲坛,2,．完成句子,(1)I __________________(,本以为他是教师,),．,(2)I didn’t see your car,，,so I _________ _________ (,以为你出去了,),．,(3)__________________ (,普遍认为,) that stress is caused by too much work.,(4)The court __________________ (,承担责任,) for the girl’s welfare.,即境活用,第17页，共57页。

名师一线讲坛,(5)I’m sorry I __________________(,在上猜不出你是谁,),．,答案：,(1)had assumed him to be a teacher,,(2)assumed you’d gone out,,(3)It is generally assumed,,(4)assumed the responsibility,,(5)couldn’t guess who you were on the phone,,第18页，共57页名师一线讲坛,3. arrest n,．　逮捕；拘留,vt.,逮捕；吸引,(1)arrest sb.for,因,……,而逮捕某人,get arrested,遭逮捕,arrest one’s attention,引起注意,(2)under arrest,被捕,make an arrest,进行拘捕,,第19页，共57页名师一线讲坛,3,．完成句子,(1)Embry __________________ (,因为偷车而被捕了,),．,(2)The police expected to ___________ _______ (,进行拘捕,)soon.,(3)Her extreme beauty _____________ _____ (,引起了男孩的注意,),．,答案：,(1)was arrested for stealing cars,,(2)make an arrest (3)arrested the boy’s attention,,即境活用,第20页，共57页。

名师一线讲坛,4. look ahead,向前看；为将来打算,look around/round,仔细查看；寻找,look after,照料，照顾；关心；注意,look back,回顾，回想,look down upon/on,歧视，看不起,look forward to,希望，盼望,look on sb.as,把某人看做,(,或当做,),look out,当心；注意,look through,浏览，仔细看,look up,好转，有起色；向上看；查找,look up and down,上下打量,第21页，共57页名师一线讲坛,4,．完成句子,(1)__________________ (,向前看,),，,you all will have a brighter future.,(2)I’ve __________________ (,浏览了所有文件,) but I still can’t find the contract.,(3)He __________________ (,向前看去,) in order to find his mother.,即境活用,第22页，共57页名师一线讲坛,(4)__________________ (,小心,),！,The car is running too fast.,答案：,(1)Looking ahead,,(2)looked through all my papers (3)looked ahead,,(4)Look out,,,第23页，共57页。

名师一线讲坛,5.,If only,it could be just like last year!,要是能跟去年那样有多好呀！,“if only,＋句子”是一个固定句型，表示一种愿望“要是,……,就好了,/,但愿,……,！”,(1)if only...could/would,＋,do...,表示对将来事情的愿望,(,不用,should),If only the whole family could be united during the Spring Festival,！今年春节全家能团圆就好了！,,第24页，共57页名师一线讲坛,(2)if only...did...,表示对与目前或现在事实相反的愿望If only Marx were here by my side!,要是马克思能在我身边就好了3)if only...had done...,表示对与过去事实相反的愿望If only you had worked with greater care!,你工作要是再仔细一些该多好啊！,,第25页，共57页专题突破锦囊,阅读中的词义猜测,(5),根据常识猜测词语,Have you ever passed a border between two countries,？,If so,，,you were probably questioned by a,customs,inspector.,在两国界线上所设的关卡上检查的人员叫“海关人员”，文中生词,customs,自然就是“海关”了。

专题一,破阅读理解,第26页，共57页专题突破锦囊,Buildings that reach for skies may be seen in most of the world’s largest cities today.Ever since the first,skyscraper,was built in Chicago in 1883,，,more and more tall buildings have been built in more and more cities.,从后两句的对称结构可以看出，两主语的意义应是相同的再看首句，主语的定语更进一步说明了高耸入云所以，,skyscraper,应是“摩天大楼”第27页，共57页专题突破锦囊,完成下列阅读理解Zoo elephants don’t live as long as those in the wild,，,according to a study sure to cause debate about keeping the giant animals on display.Researchers compared the lifespans of elephants in European zoos with those living in Amboseli National Park in Kenya and others working on a timber (,木材,)enterprise in Burma.Animals in the wild or in natural working conditions had lifespans twice that or more of their relatives in zoos.,技巧演练,第28页，共57页。

专题突破锦囊,Animal care activists have urged in recent years to discourage keeping elephants in zoos,，,largely because of the lack of space and small numbers of animals that can be kept in a group.,,第29页，共57页专题突破锦囊,The researchers found that the,median,lifespan for African elephants in European zoos was 16.9 years,，,compared with 56 years for elephants who died of natural causes in Kenya’s Amboseli National Park.Adding in those elephants killed by people in Africa lowered the median lifespan there to 35.9 years.For the more endangered Asian elephants,，,the median lifespan in European zoos was 18.9 years,，,compared with 41.7,第30页，共57页。

专题突破锦囊,years for those working in the Burmese timber enterprise.Median means half died younger than that age and half lived longer.,There is some good news,，,though.The lifespans of zoo elephants have improved in recent years,，,suggesting an improvement in their care and raising,，,but protecting elephants in Africa and Asia is far more successful than protecting them in Western zoos.,,,第31页，共57页专题突破锦囊,There are about 1,200 elephants in zoos,，,half in Europe.Researchers concentrated on female elephants,，,which make up 80 percent of the zoo population.One amazing thing was that Asian elephants born in zoos had shorter lifespans than those brought to the zoos from the wild.,,第32页，共57页。

专题突破锦囊,Zoos usually lack large areas that elephants are used to in the wild,，,and that zoo animals often are alone or with one or two other unrelated animals,，,while in the wild they tend to live in related groups of 8 to 12 animals.In Asian elephants,，,baby death rates are two to three times higher in zoos than in the Burmese logging camps,，,and then,，,in adulthood,，,zooborn animals die young.People are not sure why.,,第33页，共57页专题突破锦囊,【,文章大意,】,文章通过将野生大象和动物园饲养的大象对比，告诉读者：不应该将大象放在动物园中饲养，因为这样会影响它们的健康，缩短它们的寿命。

第34页，共57页专题突破锦囊,1,．,What is argued in this passage?,A,．,Zoo elephants don’t live as long as those in the wild.,B,．,Elephants should not be on display.,C,．,Asian elephants are in danger.,D,．,Asia is far more successful protecting elephants in zoos.,第35页，共57页have no alternative but to do sth.,It is assumed that.,ancestors,2．文中不能出现真实姓名和学校名称议论中的说明常为议论的开展创造条件或是议论的补充；,指很少或完全无根据的心理推测，并非合乎逻辑的推理，或指为论证而提出有一定根据的假设Only when we/Only by.,on the assumption that假定,22． (n.,21． (n.,14． (n.,look after照料，照顾；,for因……而逮捕某人,Therefore，it is necessary for us to.,Animal care activists have urged in recent years to discourage keeping elephants in zoos，largely because of the lack of space and small numbers of animals that can be kept in a group.,专题突破锦囊,解析,：,选,B,。

根据文章内容及第一段的第一句话,(Zoo elephants don’t live as long as those in the wild,，,according to a study sure to cause debate about keeping the giant animals on display.),可知，人们对是否应该将大象关在动物园里展览产生了争论因此选,B,第36页，共57页专题突破锦囊,2,．,What does the underlined word “median” mean according to the passage?,A,．,Average.,,B,．,Longest.,C,．,Shortest D,．,Ordinary.,解析,：,选,A,根据画线单词所在这一段的内容，尤其是该段的最后一句可知答案第37页，共57页专题突破锦囊,3,．,Which of the following is NOT the disadvantage of keeping elephants in zoos?,A,．,Limited numbers of animals.,B,．,Lack of space.,C,．,Shorter lifespans.,D,．,Less attention.,解析,：,选,D,。

文章第二段提到了,A,、,B,两项内容；由第三段内容可得出,C,项内容故选,D,第38页，共57页专题突破锦囊,议论文的框架结构,英语议论文有其独特的框架结构，让读者迅速捕捉作者的观点和思路，值得考生模仿专题二,写作导与练,第39页，共57页专题突破锦囊,1,．开门见山引出论点在文章开头，通过主题句鲜明地提出观点或引出将要论述的内容，防止在论述的过程中跑题常用的句式有：,,第40页，共57页专题突破锦囊,过渡,/,引出话题,There is no doubt that...,It can not be denied that...,No one can ignore the fact that...,From what is mentioned above,，,we know...,提出观点,From my point of view...,As far as I am concerned...,I hold the view/belief that...,Personally,，,I believe that...,表达立场,Actually,，,I am in favour of the idea that...,In some way,，,I am against the thought that...,第41页，共57页。

专题突破锦囊,2.,多种形式展示论据议论文在写作手法上以议论为主，如通过对比观点、阐述原因、列举例子等，但有时也要运用说明、叙述、描写等手法议论中的说明常为议论的开展创造条件或是议论的补充；叙述和描写应是为论点提供依据的，因此，叙述应该是概括的，描写应该是简要的常用的句式有：,,第42页，共57页专题突破锦囊,总述原因,There are several reasons that contribute to...,My views are based on the following reasons.,分层论述,To begin with/First of all,，,... Besides/,Furthermore/,，,...Finally/Last but not least...,On the one hand,，,...On the other,，,...,For one thing,，,...For another...,列举例子,Take...for example.,For example/instance,，,...,第43页，共57页专题突破锦囊,引出经历,It reminds me of the time when...,What impresses me most is that...,分析因果,Thanks to/Owing to/Because of...,，,Consequently/Therefore/Thus/As a result,，,...,讨论后果,Just imagine what would be like if there were no...,第44页，共57页。

专题突破锦囊,3.,总结升华，重申观点在段或文章的结尾，考生可以用不同的语言表达，重申主题或提出解决问题的建议，从而使文章结构严谨、主题鲜明常用的句式有：,,第45页，共57页专题突破锦囊,To sum up/In short/In conclusion/On the whole/All in all,，,...,Taking all the factors into account,，,we can draw a conclusion that...,From the discussion above,，,it can be safely concluded that...,Therefore,，,it is necessary for us to...,To be brief,，,we should be aware of the importance of...,Only when we/Only by...,，,can we...,,第46页，共57页专题突破锦囊,阅读下面的短文，然后按照要求写一篇,150,个词左右的英语短文The Ministry of Education said on Monday that starting this spring,，,a system of recycling textbooks will be established in rural (,乡村的,)primary and secondary schools,，,which means some textbooks will be given to students by the schools free of charge at the start of a term and be returned at the end of the school term so that they can be used by other students.,即时训练,第47页，共57页。

专题突破锦囊,The central government will set up a fund for the purchase of these textbooks,，,and the students will be required to keep the books in good order for their reuse by others.,It is a heartening move with two major benefits.,,第48页，共57页专题突破锦囊,First,，,it will lighten the financial burden on government and families. Textbook costs account for 53 percent of all the fees primary school students must pay and about 65 percent of those facing middle school students.,第49页，共57页专题突破锦囊,Second,，,using secondhand books is environmentally friendly because of the resources such as trees and energy that are saved.According to industry figures,，,producing one ton of textbook paper requires 20 trees aged between 20 to 40 years,100 tons of water,1.2 tons of coal and other materials and churns out 300 tons of polluted water.,,第50页，共57页。

专题突破锦囊,【,写作内容,】,你刚阅读了上面有关教育部新举措的报道，请就此写篇短文向,China,,Daily,投稿：,1,．先以约,30,个词概括阅读文章的报导要求；,2,．然后以约,120,个词表达你的观点：,(1),谈谈你对此措施的看法；,(2),阐述你认为要顺利落实这项措施必须考虑的因素第51页，共57页专题突破锦囊,【,写作要求,】,1.,你可以使用实例或其他论述方法支持你的论点，也可以参照阅读材料的内容但不得直接引用原文中的句子；,2,．文中不能出现真实姓名和学校名称第52页，共57页专题突破锦囊,【,评分标准,】,概括准确，语言规范，内容合适，篇章连贯第53页，共57页专题突破锦囊,One possible version,：,A program of recycling textbooks is to be introduced to some primary and middle schools this new semester.The policy is supposed to bring about both economic and environmental benefits.,I am in favor of the program,，,which will develop our sense of environmental protection and economy.,第54页，共57页。

专题突破锦囊,However,，,to carry out it successfully,，,we must take the following factors into consideration. First,，,parents and students may have concerns over the cleanliness of the used textbooks,，,worrying that they may become a source of diseases. Though it is not a difficult problem to solve,，,it deserves necessary attention from the school authority .Second,，,students may have a hard time adapting to this change.It will take some time,第55页，共57页专题突破锦囊,for them to learn to keep books in good condition.In addition,，,companies which publish textbooks may suffer losses.So the government should find other ways to help them survive.,In a word,，,schools,，,students and the government should all be involved in order to make this good policy effective.,,,,第56页，共57页。

40,,min,限时闯关,,,,,,,点击进入,第57页，共57页。