2021届高考英语-小题必练12-语法填空.docx

2021届高考英语 小题必练12 语法填空2021届高考英语 小题必练12 语法填空年级：姓名：9小题必练12：语法填空该题型旨在通过语篇测试考生的英语语言知识与技能，在完整、真实、综合的语境中多角度考查考生运用语法知识理解篇章的能力2020·山东卷】Many people have the hobby of collecting things, e.g. stamps, postcards or antiques. In the 18th and 19th centuries, 1． (wealth) people travelled and collected plants, historical objects and works of art. They kept their collection at home until it got too big 2． until they died, and then it was given to a museum. The 80,000 objects collected by Sir Hans Sloane, for example, 3． (form) the core collection of the British Museum 4． opened in 1759.The parts of a museum open to the public 5． (call) galleries or rooms. Often, only a small part of a museum’s collection 6． (be) on display. Most of it is stored away or used for research.Many museums are lively places and they attract a lot of visitors. As well as looking at exhibits, visitors can play with computer simulations (模拟) and imagine 7． (they) living at a different time in history or 8．(walk)through a rainforest. At the Jorvik Centre in York, the city’s Viking settlement is recreated, and people experience the sights, sounds and smells of the old town. Historical 9． (accurate) is important but so is entertainment. Museums must compete 10．people’s spare time and money with other amusements. Most museums also welcome school groups and arrange special activities for children.【答案】1．wealthy 2．or 3．formed 4．which/that 5．are called6．is 7．themselves 8．walking 9．accuracy 10．for【解析】1．考查词性转换。

句意:在18和19世纪，富人在旅途中收集植物、历史文物和艺术品此处修饰名词people，应使用形容词，做定语故填wealthy2．考查连词句意:他们把自己的藏品留在家里，直到藏品放不下了或者自己去世了，才会把这些藏品捐给博物馆根据语境可知，前后陈述的是两者可能性，应使用连词or故填or3．考查动词时态句意:例如，汉斯•斯隆爵士的8万件藏品成为了大英博物馆的核心藏品此处是谓语动词，根据时间状语in 1759可知，应使用一般过去时故填formed4．考查定语从句此处是限制性定语从句，先行词是the British Museum，关系词在从句中做主语，应使用关系代词which/that引导故填which/that5．考查动词时态及语态句意:博物馆对公众开放的部分被称为画廊或展厅此处描述的是客观使用，应使用一般现在时；主语与call是逻辑动宾关系，应使用被动语态，且主语是复数概念故填are called6．考查主谓一致句意:通常，博物馆只展出一小部分藏品此处描述的是客观事实，应使用一般现在时，主语a small part of a museum’s collection是单数概念，谓语动词应使用第三人称单数形式，且后面的Most of it is stored away or used for research.中的is也是提示。

故填is7．考查反身代词句意:除了观赏展品，游客还可以玩电脑模拟游戏，想象自己生活在一个不同的历史时期，或者漫步在热带雨林中此处指代visitors，意为“他们自己”，应使用反身代词故填themselves8．考查非谓语动词此处与living是并列成分，共同做imagine的宾补，imagine sb doing sth. “想象某人做某事”故填walking9．考查词性转换句意:历史的准确性很重要，但娱乐也很重要此处做主语，位于形容词historical之后，应使用名词，意为“历史的准确性”故填accuracy10．考查介词句意:博物馆必须和其他娱乐活动竞争人们的业余时间和金钱此处是固定短语:compete for，意为: “为了……竞争”故填for技法点拨】1. 利用体裁特点解题快速通读整篇文章, 了解其体裁特征, 理清其逻辑关系, 初步摸清文章的主题、大意、时态、语态等, 给分析句子和填空提供可靠的逻辑推理依据2. 利用句法分析解题语法填空主要是从语法角度入手, 对句子结构进行分析简单句要分析其成分是否完整; 每种成分由什么样的词性来充当; 复合句要弄清从句的作用以及主从句之间的逻辑关系; 特殊句式要分析是否符合其固定的格式。

3. 利用习惯搭配解题英语中有许多固定的词组、短语和句型, 在通读全文的基础上, 认真分析句子结构, 准确辨识句子中的这些固定搭配, 利用平时的积累, 基本上凭语感就可以解题4. 利用语篇标志解题语篇是一系列连续的语段或句子所构成的语言整体, 其中各成分之间, 在形式上是衔接的, 在语义上是连贯的起到语篇之间联系作用的词语就是语篇标志如: firstly, secondly, next等表次序和列举; again, moreover, what is more等表递进; similarly, equally, as with等表相似; so, altogether, thus, in short等表总结等利用这些语篇标志有助于准确把握句子之间的逻辑关系, 弄清文章的来龙去脉AOn the first day of Winter Solstice (冬至), the Northern Hemisphere experiences the shortest day and the longest night of the year. From then on, the days become longer and the nights become 1.______(short). The Winter Solstice also marks the 2.__________(arrive) of the coldest season in the year.As early as the Zhou Dynasty, people worshipped the gods on the first day of the Winter Solstice, 3.__________was also the first day of the new year. The Winter Solstice became a winter festival during the Han Dynasty. The celebratory activities were 4._________(official) organized. On this day, both officials and ordinary people would have 5.__________rest.During Winter Solstice in North China, eating 6._________(dumpling) is essential to the festival. People in the south are accustomed to 7.__________(eat) wontons in midwinter. According to legend, the King of Wu was disgusted with all kinds of costly foods and 8.__________(want) to eat something different. Then, the beauty Xishi came into the kitchen to make “wontons” to honor the king’s wish. He ate a lot 9.__________liked the food very much. To honour Xishi, the people of Suzhou made wontons the official food 10._________(celebrate) the festival.【答案】1.shorter 2. arrival 3. which 4.officially 5.a6.dumplings 7. eating 8.wanted 9.and 10.to celebrate【解析】本文为说明文。

介绍了中国传统节气——冬至1.考查形容词比较级句意：从那时起，白天变长，夜晚变短根据上文the days become longer可知，此处指晚上变得更短故填shorter2.考查词性转换句意：冬至也标志着一年中最冷的季节的到来根据空格前面的定冠词the可知，此处要用名词形式故填arrival3.考查定语从句句意：早在周朝，人们在冬至的第一天，也就是新年的第一天祭神此处为非限制性定语从句，关系词代替the Winter Solstice，在从句中作主语故填which4.考查词性转换句意：庆祝活动正式组织起来了空格位于were organized之间，应该用副词修饰动词organized，意为这些庆祝活动正式组织起来故填officially5.考查冠词句意：在这一天，无论是官员还是普通百姓都可以休息一下have a rest休息一下，为固定搭配6.考查名词复数句意：在中国北方的冬至，吃饺子是节日必不可少的dumpling是可数名词此处用复数泛指饺子故填dumplings7.考查动名词句意：南方人习惯在仲冬吃馄饨be accustomed to（习惯于）中的to为介词，后面要跟名词，动名词等。

故填eating8.考查。