
小班生活活动中的师幼对话.doc
51页目 录目录 I摘要 IIIAbstract IV一、问题提出 1(一)研究缘起和背景 1(二)研究问题 3二、文献综述 5(一)关于“师幼对话”行为事件的研究 5(二)关于“师幼对话”使用言语的研究 7(三)关于“师幼对话”存在问题的研究 9(四)关于“师幼对话”指导策略的研究 10(五)关于“师幼对话”研究方法的研究 12三、核心概念 13(一)对话 13(二)师幼对话 14(三)幼儿园生活活动 15(四)言语 15四、研究设计 16(一)研究对象 16(二)研究方法 16(三)研究资料的收集与编码 17(四)数据的统计与处理 20五、研究结果 20(一)三类生活活动中“师幼对话”行为事件总体分布情况 20(二)不同发起人“师幼对话”行为事件分布情况 21(三)教师在三类活动“师幼对话”中使用各类言语情况 23(四)幼儿在三类活动“师幼对话”中使用各类言语情况 27(五)三类活动中“师幼对话”发起与回应使用各类言语情况 31六、分析与讨论 36(一)三类活动类型中“师幼对话”的分析与讨论 36(二)不同发起人“师幼对话”的分析与讨论 39(三)“师幼对话”使用各类言语的分析与讨论 41(四)“师幼对话”影响因素的分析与讨论 43七、结论与建议 46(一)结论 46(二)指导建议 47结语 51附录 52参考文献 59致谢 61 摘 要当今人类正走向交往与对话的时代,“对话”成为人们自主表达、寻求理解和解决冲突的一种有效形式。
从某种意义上来说,人类生活的本质就是“对话”在我国,随着新一轮基础教育课程改革的启动和推进,“对话”、“对话教学”、“课堂对话”等新型教学形态不断引起人们的关注,并逐渐走进幼儿教育领域在幼儿园教育中,“师幼对话”是教师与幼儿以语言为中介,双方互为主体在口头表达与倾听的基础上围绕幼儿园学习、游戏、生活活动展开的“对话”过程不仅体现在言语的表达与交流上,更体现于情感的分享与互动可以说“师幼对话”对师幼关系的增进、对师幼互动的有效进行,尤其是对幼儿的言语、思维、认知、情感、社会性等方面的发展都具有不可估量的重要价值本研究是一项关于幼儿园生活活动中“师幼对话”的个案研究,以C幼儿园小(2)班为例笔者扎根于教育现场获得第一手观察记录并收集“对话”案例,仅仅针对小班教师与单个幼儿间的“对话”内容予以研究与分析从分类统计与案例分析的角度对幼儿园小班在入园接待,吃饭、盥洗、午睡等生活活动以及区角游戏三类活动中的“师幼对话”进行客观描述与主观分析,总结讨论在这三类教育情境中“师幼对话”的基本情况与特点,探讨相关影响因素,并结合教师的现实问题提出具体的指导建议研究表明,三类活动中“师幼对话”具有情境性与生成性,“师幼对话”的发生是在不同情境中随机发生、不可预设的,充分体现生活化的教育。
不同发起人“师幼对话”具有主体性与角色性,其中教师在主体中处于优势地位,师幼言语体现不同情境中师幼的角色各类不同言语的使用体现“对话”的目的性与情感性不同情境中不同的言语类型体现不同的“对话”目的和情感特征其次,“师幼对话”的影响因素是多角度的,主要是围绕教师与幼儿的角度和其他客观因素,其中最主要的影响因素是教师针对在“师幼对话”中教师的重要角色与地位以及现实中的问题,教师应该认真学习“对话”精神,转变角色与观念,增强技巧与能力并保持丰富积极的“对话”情感关键词: 师幼对话;生活活动;言语;幼儿园小班AbstractToday the modern age when human beings is to communication and dialogue, "dialogue" become independent expression, seek to understand people and an effective way to resolve the conflict. In a sense, the nature of human life is the "dialogue". In our country, with a new round of basic education curriculum reform started and propulsion, "dialogue", "dialogue teaching", "classroom dialogue" new mode of teaching to arouse people's attention, and gradually entered the field of early childhood education. In kindergarten education, dialogue and teacher is a teacher and children with language for mediation, the two sides are the main body in oral and listening around kindergarten, games, on the basis of life activity in the process of dialogue. Not only embodies in verbal expression and communication, but also in the sharing and interaction of emotion. Say "teacher young dialogue" to increase in young relationship, young interact effectively, especially for young children's language, thinking, cognitive, emotional and social development has important value immeasurable.This research is a case study about the kindergarten life activity classroom young dialogue, small (2) C kindergarten class, for example. The author rooted in education field to obtain first-hand observation record and collect dialogue cases, only for small class the teacher with a single conversation between children with research and analysis. From the perspective of classification statistics and case analysis on kindergarten class in the kindergarten, reception, have a meal, wash one's hands, taking a nap, and other life activities area and Angle of the game are three kinds of activity division dialogue objective description and subjective analysis, summarized the discussion on the three kinds of education situation for junior college students the basic situation and features of young dialogue, study the effects of related factors, and combined with the guidance of teachers problems put forward concrete Suggestions.Research shows that three types of activities for junior college students dialogue with situational and generative, teacher-children dialogue is random in different situation, not to default, fully embodies the life education. Different sponsor young dialogue has subjectivity and role, most teachers in a dominant position in the main body, teacher words reflect the role of the different situation for junior college students. The use of all kinds of different words of dialogue purpose and mood. Different words in different situation types reflect different purpose and emotional characteristics of dialogue. Second, the influence factors of young dialogue is a multi-angle, mainly around the perspective of teachers and children and other objective factors, one of the main influence factors is a teacher. For young teachers' important role in the dialogue in the division and status and the problems in the reality, teachers should seriously study the "dialogue" spirit, change roles and ideas, enhance skills and ability and keep the rich "dialogue" of positive emotion. Key Words: Teacher Young Dialogue; Life Activities; Words; Junior in Kindergarten 一、问题提出(一)研究缘起和背景 1.后现代主义倡导“对话”精神后现代主义是20世纪中叶出现的一种世界性的文化思潮。
相对于现代性主义的本质性、封闭性、统一性而言,后现代主义强调多元性、平等性、创造性、不确定性其中,“对话”成为后现代课程的重要主题词 “对话”一直是我们交流沟通和获取信息的重要手段弗莱雷说:“没有了‘对话’,就没有了交流;没有了‘交流’,也就没有真正的教育在新时代教育理论和实践中,后现代因素在日益增长,教育。












