2016考研英语二考前终极预测题及答案解析.pdf

考生本卷须知1. 考生必需严格遵守各项考场规那么1) 考生在考试开考 15 分钟后不得入场2) 交卷出场时刻不得早于考试终止前30分钟3) 交卷终止后，不得再进考场续考，也不得在考场周围停留或交谈2. 答题前，应按准考证上的有关内容填写答题卡上的“考生姓名“报考单位“考生编号等信息3. 答案必需按要求填涂或写在指定的答题卡上1) 填涂部份应该依照答题卡上的要求用2B铅笔完成如要改动，必需用橡皮擦干净2) 书写部份必需用 ( 蓝)黑色笔迹钢笔、圆珠笔或签字笔在答题卡上作答笔迹要清楚4. 考试终止后，将答题卡装入原试卷袋中，试卷交给监考人员Section Use of EnglishDirections:Read the following text. Choose the best word(s) for each numbered blank and mark A, B, C or D on the ANSWER SHEET. (10 points)While western governments worry over the threat of Ebola, a more pervasive but far less harm-ful 1 is spreading through their populations like a winter sniffle: mobile personal technology.The similarity between disease organisms and personal devices is 2 . Viruses and other para- sites control larger organisms, 3 resources in order to multiply and spread. Smartphones and other gadgets do the same thing, 4 ever-increasing amounts of human attention and electricity sup- plied 5 wire umbilici.It is tempting to 6 a “strategy to both phages and phablets, neither of which is sentient. 7 , the process is evolutionary, consisting of many random evolutions, 8 experimented with by many product designers. This makes it all the more powerful.Tech 9 occurs through actively-learnt responses, or “operant conditioningas animal be haviourists call it. The scientific parallel here also involves a rodent, typically a rat, which occupies a 10 cage called a Skinner Box. The animal is 11 with a food pellet for solving puzzles and punished with an electric shock when it fails.“ Are we getting a positive boost of hormones when we 12 look at our phone, seeking re- wards? asks David Shuker, an animal behaviourist at St Andrews university, sounding a little like a man withholding serious scientific endorsement 13 an idea that a journalist had in the shower. Re- search is needed, he says. Tech tycoons would meanwhile 14 that the popularity of mobile devices is attributed to the brilliance of their designs. This is precisely what people whose thought processes have been 15 by an invasive pseudo-organism would believe.16 , mobile technology causes symptoms less severe than physiological diseases. There are even benefits to 17 sufferers for shortened attention spans and the caffeine overload triggered by visits to Starbucks for the free Wi-Fi. Most importantly, you can 18 the Financial Times in places as remote as Alaska or Sidcup. In this 19 , a mobile device is closer to a symbiotic organism than a parasite. This would make it 20 to an intestinal bacterium that helps a person to stay alive, rather than a virus that may kill you.1. A phenomenon B epidemic C issue D event2. A striking B obscure C interesting D mysterious3. A relying B choosing C grabbing D using4. A taking over B feeding on C catching up D allowing for5. A with B over C to D via6. A point B turn C attribute D prefer7. A Instead B Moreover C Therefore D Otherwise8. A which B as C that D where9. A progress B term C crisis D addiction10. A dangerous B special C large D funny 11. A rewarded B resisted C resumed D reversed 12. A anxiously B occasionally C happily D endlessly 13. A within B from C about D through 14. A support B approve C argue D insist 15. A formed B separated C classified D modified 16. A Surprisingly B Importantly C Fortunately D Regrettably17. A compensate B help C comfort D improve 18. A share B obtain C subscribe D observe 19. A part B sense C level D way 20. A adaptive B careful C similar D capt Section Reading Comprehension Part A Directions: Read the following four texts. Answer the questions below each text by choosing A, B, C or D. Mark your answers on the ANSWER SHEET. (40 points) Text 1 Rarely have the Christmas results for Britain s supermarkets been awaited with such anxiety. Most of them, especially the market leader, Tesco, struggled in 2021. The hard-discount stores, Aldi and Lidl, continued to undercut them, gobbling up market share, while falling food prices ate into their profits. Asdas boss, Andrew Clarke, has warned of more challenging times ahead. Yet the lesson from these results is clear. Grocers with a clearly defined position in the market will continue to prosper, but for those without one there is more pain to come. Thus Waitrose, for instance, has remained res- olutely and distinctly posh. It has refused to chase the upstart discounters by reducing prices, as mid-market rivals have done. Natalie Berg of Planet Retail, a research organization argues that the key to survival in a fero- ciously competitive groceries market is to offer the customer a brand that is “clear, targeted and con- sistent. Waitrose, at the top end of the market, does this well, as do Lidl and Aldi at the bottom. The rest are stranded in the middle, trying to be all things to all people. This week, for instance, As da, Sainsbury s and Tesco announced further price cuts. That might fend off the discounters for a bit. It will also muddy perceptions of who their target customers really are. But it is not all gloom for the s。