海工产品检验员手册.doc

CONTENTS目录备注S．No.TITLES标题1Welder Position Qualification and Range 焊工位置评定及范围2Welding Positions 焊接位置3AWS specifications for electrodes AWS焊条规范4Electrode deposition efficiency and stub loss factors焊条熔敷效率和损耗系数 5Typical shielded metal arc electrode orientation and welding technique for carbon steel electrodes 炭钢手工电弧焊条操作的典型方位及技能6Suggested amperage ranges for carbon steel and low-alloy steel electrodes 碳钢和低合金钢焊条的推荐电流范围7Troubleshooting mechanical problems encounterd in GMAW and FCAW-G GMAW 和 FCAW-G 焊接中存在的机械问题与修复8Weld discontinuity causes and remedies-cracks 裂纹导致的焊缝不连续的返修9Weld discontinuity causes and remedies-inclusion 夹渣导致的焊缝不连续的返修10Weld discontinuity causes and remedies-incomplete fusion 未熔合导致的焊缝的不连续的返修11Weld discontinuity causes and remedies-incomplete joint penetration 未焊透导致的焊缝不连续的返修12Weld discontinuity causes and remedies-overlap焊瘤导致的焊缝不连续的返修13Weld discontinuity causes and remedies-porosity 密集气孔导致的焊缝不连续的翻修14Weld discontinuity causes and remedies-undercut咬边导致的焊缝不连续的返修15Weld profiles焊缝外形16Fillet weld measurement 角焊缝的测量17Dimensional considerations 尺寸检查18Proper care and handing of SMAW electrodes SMAW焊条的正确管理与发放19Special precautions for low-hydrogen electrodes 低氢焊条管理的特殊要求20Drying condition for welding consumable焊接耗材的干燥条件一、Welder position qualification and range 焊工位置评定及范围Qualification评定Range qualified评定范围1F2F3F4F5F1G2G3G4G5G6G6GR3F＊＊＊4F＊＊＊3G＊＊＊＊＊＊4G＊＊＊＊＊5G＊＊＊＊＊＊＊＊＊6G＊＊＊＊＊＊＊＊＊＊＊6GR＊＊＊＊＊＊＊＊＊＊＊＊Welding positions—groove(plate)焊接位置—坡口（板）1G 2G3G4GWelding positions—fillet(plate)焊接位置—角焊缝（板）1F(FLAT平焊) 2F(HORIZONTAL横焊) 3F(VERTICAL立焊) 4F(OVERHEAD仰焊)Welding positions –pipe焊接位置—管1G ROTATED旋转 2GWelding positions –pipe (continued)焊接位置—管5G 6G 6GR; T.K.Y 连接二、AWS Specifications for electrodes AWS焊条规范Type of electrode焊条类型AWS specifications AWS规范SMAWFCAWSAWGTAW,GMAWCarbon steel 碳钢5.15.205.175.18Low alloy steel 低合金钢5.55.295.235.28Stainless steel 不锈钢5.45.225.95.9 , 5.22Aluminium and its alloy 铝和铝合金5.35.10Copper and its alloy 铜和铜合金5.65.7Nickel and its alloy 镍和镍合金5.115.145.14三、Electrode deposition efficiency and stub loss factors焊条的熔敷效率和损耗系数CLASS AVERAGE EFFICIENCY * STUB LOSS **等级 平均熔敷效率 端头损耗E6010 63.8% STUB（残余长度） 5/32E6010 14in E6011 68.5% LENGTH %DEPOSIT（沉淀物） %LOSSE6012 66.9% 2in 63.8 36.2E6013 66.8% 3in 58.5 41.5E7014 64.6% 4in 53.2 46.8E7016 62.8% 5in 47.9 52.1E7018 69.5% 6in 42.6 57.4E6020 65.2% WEIGHT OF WELD METAL(焊接金属重量)E7024 66.8% EFFICIENCY熔敷效率＝WEIGHT OF ELECTRODE USED INCLUDING STUB（使用焊条的重量，包括残余部分）E7027 68.3% * INCLUDES 2 in STUB LOSS包括残余部分的2in** E6010 IS 71.57% EFFICIENCY ,LOSS DUE TO SLAG , SPATTER AND SMOKE E6010熔敷效率只有71。

57% ，由于焊渣、飞溅和烟的损失四、Typical shielded metal arc electrode orientation and welding technique for carbon steel electrodes 碳钢手工电弧焊条操作的典型方位与技能Type of joint (接头类型)Position of welding焊接位置Work angle degrees操作角度 Travel angle degrees*运条角度Technique of welding焊接技能Groove坡口Flat平焊905-10*Backhand 反手Groove坡口Horizontal横焊80-1005-10Backhand反手Groove坡口Vertical-up立向上905-10Backhand反手Groove坡口Overhead仰脸905-10Backhand反手Fillet 角焊Horizontal横焊455-10*Backhand反手Fillet 角焊Vertical-up立向上35-555-10Forehand正手Fillet 角焊Overhead 仰脸30-455-10Backhand反手* Travel angle may be 10to30for electrodes with heavy iron powder coatings. 对于重铁粉药皮的焊条运条角度可以成10-30度的角五、Suggested amperage range for carbon steel and low-alloy steel electrodes碳钢和低合金钢焊条的推荐电流范围Electrode 焊条Diameter(in)尺寸（英寸）Amperage (A)电流E6010 and …E60113/321/85/323/167/3250-70100-130140-170160-190190-230E60121/85/323/167/321/4100-130165-200220-240275-320320-380E60133/321/85/323/167/3260-75100-135140-180180-220250-290E70183/321/85/323/167/3270-110120-160150-200200-275250-340E70241/85/323/167/321/4140-180180-240245-290320-360400-450六、Troubleshooting mechanical problems encountered GMAW and FCAW-GGMAW 和 FCAW-G 焊接中存在的机械问题与修复Problem 问题Possible cause可能存在的原因Remedy 修复Irregular wire feed and burnback送丝不均及烧穿Insufficient d。