
有趣的英语成对词的应用.doc
10页有趣的英语成对词的应用即把两个相关的词或同一个词用and或or连接起来的词组它们常出现再口语或非正式书面语中,是人们再长期的语言交际中约定俗成的看下面的实例: 1. We should serve the people heart and soul. 我们应该全心全意地为人民服务2. The missing child came back safe and sound. 那个失踪地孩子安然无恙地回来了3. They quarreled last night and this morning she left, bag and baggage. 昨夜他们吵架了,今天早晨她收拾起自己的东西就走了4. After the fight, he was black and blue all over. 搏斗结束后,他遍体鳞伤5. It is no wonder that counselors of battered women are inclined to advise a black-and- blue wife for divorce. 怪不得被打妇女的律师们一般都劝告被打得鼻青脸肿的妻子离婚。
6. The man threatened to beat the boy black and blue for stealing. 那人恐吓要把偷东西得孩子打得遍体鳞伤7. She black-and-blued my legs so badly, I told her I’d go tell the police. 她把我得腿打得青一块紫一块,我对她说我要去报警在句4中,black and blue 起形容词作用,作表语;在句中起形容词作用,充当定语;在句6中起副词作用,作状语;在句7中起动词作用,作谓词下面介绍是出对词的组成特点:1. 头韵:押头的成对词不仅起到加强形容的作用,而且读起来丁当悦耳,富有诗意成对词 释义twist and turn 迂回曲折might and main 尽全力part and parcel 重要部分safe and sound 安然无恙spick and span 崭新的,极干净的time and tide 岁月,时光go to rack and ruin 陷于毁灭slow and sure 慢而稳,稳妥hale and hearty 老当益壮chop and change 变幻莫测(尤指观点,计划等)fair and foul 在任何情况下weal and woe 福祸sum and subs tance 主要情况,要点(尤指讲话的主要部分) forgive and forget 不念旧恶wax and wane (月的)盈亏圆缺;盛衰【词汇】成双成对的英语短语字号: 小 中 大 | 打印 发布: 2010-8-09 15:32 作者: webmaster 来源: 本站原创 查看: 0次 back and forth 来来回回的 bed and breakfast 住宿加早餐cap and gown(coat) 衣帽fire and water 水火flesh and blood 血肉之躯;肉体heavy and light 轻重iron and steel 钢铁land and water 水陆night and day 夜以继日的north and south 南北off and on 断断续续的old and young 无论老少;人人old and new 新旧one and only 唯一rain or shine 不论阴晴rich and poor 穷富right and left 左右twos and threes 三三两两you and I 你我part and parcel 重要部分give and take 平等交换;交换意见mock and satire 冷嘲热讽rain and wind 风雨aches and pains 痛苦;不适bag and baggage 完全地brothers and sisters 兄妹fair and square 公正;正大光明的far and away 无疑地、肯定地far and near 远近;到处;四面八方first and foremost 首先first and last 总的说来;主要地fish and chips 炸鱼和薯条free and easy 轻松自在的;随便的wife and children 妻儿good or ill 好歹(善恶)hale and hearty 健壮;精神充沛twist and turn 迂回曲折might and main 尽全力part and parcel 重要部分safe and sound 安然无恙spick and span 崭新的,极干净的time and tide 岁月,时光go to rack and ruin 陷于毁灭slow and sure 慢而稳,稳妥hale and hearty 老当益壮chop and change 变幻莫测(尤指观点,计划等)fair and foul 在任何情况下weal and woe 福祸sum and subs tance 主要情况,要点(尤指讲话的主要部分) forgive and forget 不念旧恶wax and wane (月的)盈亏圆缺;盛衰 1. 同义词连用的成对词 同义词连用的成对词在英语中很普遍,如pure and simple,regard and esteem,stuff and nonsense,by leaps and bounds,aches and pains,fair and square,high and mighty等等。
还有一些成对词只是同一个词的简单重复,也属于这一类,如:again and again,over and over,on and on,neck and neck,through and through,round and round,等等它们要么是同一个词的简单重复,要么是相似意义的简单重叠,形式上似乎违反了语言“经济原则”(the principle of economy),但从心理认知角度看,恰恰体现了数量象似性原则 词语重复使用,就增加了语言符号的数量,其所表达的信息量也就会增加Lakoff & Johnson (1980:128) 认为:To our knowledge,all cases of reduplication in the languages of the world are instances where MORE OF FORM stands for MORE OF CONTENT. 就是说,语言中所有的重复现象都是“形式越多,内容越多”原则的例证以下面一组句子为例: (1)I’ll tell you again. (2)I have to tell you again and again 不难看出,句(1)中只有一个again,它所表示的意义也是单一的,“再、又”(once more),整句的意思是:我再告诉你一次(以前曾经告诉过);而句(2)中两个again的连用,意义就发生了改变,在单个词义的基础上有所增加,“一再、再三”(repeatedly,very often),句子翻译成英语就变为:我必须再三告诉你。
同样,“over and over”所表达的意义比“over”要多,“on and on”比单个的“on”意义要多,两个词总比一个词表达的意义要多语符形式越长,其所包含的意义也就越多,这是勿庸置疑的事实 两个同义词连用的成对词也是如此,看似意义重叠的两个词放在一起不是简单重复,而是被赋予了更多的意义同义互补,同义强调,开拓了词义的深度和广度,也使词义概念更加完整、确切、生动以句(3)为例: (3)By the time of twilight Mr Dombey,grievously afflicted with aches and pains(疼痛),was helped into the carriage.英语成对词成语的结构及翻译英语成对词是英语成语中的一种特殊形式,具有语义完整性和结构固定性(汪榕培,1997)它的结构一般由“W1+and+W2”构成,就像一对“连体双胞胎”一样,大多数不能分开使用,少数成对词偶尔可以分开使用,但意义与连体时不同英语成对词种类繁多,应用广泛,经过长期演变已成为英语成语的重要组成部分,使用起来表达力丰富,语义准确,富于节奏感一、英语成对词的构成方式:1.名词+名词:(单+单,复+复,单+复)vice and virtue(善恶),neck and neck(并驾齐驱,不分上下),man and wife(夫妻),aches and pains(浑身疼痛),bits and pieces(零碎杂物)。
2.动词+动词:push and shove(推搡),divide and rule(分而治之),crash and burn(彻底失败),pick and steal(小偷小摸),forgive and forget(不念旧恶)3.形容词+形容词:null and void(无效的),bright and early(清早),peak and pine(憔悴),black and blue(遍体鳞伤),near and dear(亲近的)4.副词+副词:out and away(极大地),through and through(彻头彻尾),here and there(到处),really and truly(真正地),back and forth(来回),by and by(不久)5.连词+连词:as and when(当……),if and when(如果……),unless and until(直到……)6.介词+介词:over and above(高于……),save and except(除……之外), in season and out of season(一年四季)7.代词+代词:one and all(全体),each and every(每个),first and last(总的来说),such and such(这样那样的)。
8.数词+数词:twos and threes(三三两两),five and ten(廉价商品店),sixes and sevens(乱七八糟),thousand and one(许多)9.少数成对词的构成不属同类词的重复,属例外:over and done with(彻底结束),enough and spare(绰绰有余),time and again(时常),by and large(总的来说),p’s and q’s(谨言慎行),one and the same(完全一样)二、英语成对词的语法功能英语成对词的语法功能指成对词在句子中担当的句子成分,比如,主、谓、宾语等成对词作为一个完整的成语,使用时必须注意其结构上的稳固性和完整性,即不能拆开使用,词序也不能随意颠倒举例说明如下:做主语:1). Their pots and pans have been used f。
