2021年高考英语二轮复习形容词和副词语法突破训练含解析.doc

形容词和副词一、概念形容词常用来修饰,描述名词或代词的特征或状态，主要作表语、定语、补语，也可以作状语 The baby is still asleep. Laura usually wears a friendly smile. Don’t make your parents disappointed. Hungry and tired, he had to stop working.副词常用来修饰动词、形容词、其它副词、介词短语或句子，主要作状语He speaks very fast.Paul is careful enough.Happy days pass too soon.Luckily, she had got another chance.二、等级变化 1. (1) 规则变化　 单音节词和少数双音节词，加词尾-er，-est来构成比较级和最高级构成法原级比较级最高级一般词尾加-er,-esttalltallertallest以不发音的e结尾的只加-r,-stnicenicernicest以一个辅音字母结尾的重读闭音节，双写结尾的辅音字母，再加-er,-estbigbiggerbiggest"以辅音字母+y"结尾的，变y为i，再加-er，-est　　　busybusierbusiest其他双音节词和多音节词，在前面加more，most来构成比较级和最高级important/ easilymore important/ more easilymost important/ most easily(2) 不规则变化原级比较级最高级goodbetterbestwell（健康的）worseworstbadill（有病的）oldolder/elderoldest/eldestmuch/manymoremostlittlelessleastfar farther/furtherfarthest/furthest2. 用法（1） 原级as + 形容词或副词原级 + as 否定形式：not as/so… as　　　He cannot run so/as fast as you. 他没你跑得快。

注意：as… as 中间有名词时采用以下格式：as +形容词+ a/an +单数名词; as + many/much+名词　　 This is as good an example as the other is. 这个例子和另外一个一样好　　 I can carry as much paper as you can. 你能搬多少纸，我也能2）比较级 The students study even harder than before. （标志词than） He feels better after the operation.（语境）可修饰比较级的词 a bit, a little, rather, much, far, by far, many, a lot, lots, a great deal, any, still, even等 含比较级的固定句型（注意the在比较级中的使用）：  the + 比较级 ..., the + 比较级 ... “越……，越……”The higher you stand, the further you will see. ‚ 比较级 + and + 比较级 “越来越……” I believe your English will become better and better. ƒ the + 比较级 + of the two + 名词 “两个中较……的” I like the bigger one of the two pandas.注意: (易错点)（1）比较级不可以重叠 less colder less cold（2）比较的对象要对等 The weather of China is more comfortable than Canada.The weather of China is more comfortable than the weather of Canada.The weather of China is more comfortable than that of Canada.补充：1）倍数表达法： … times as +原级+ as… times +比较级+ than… times + the +名词 +of(3) 最高级 the + 最高级 + 比较范围 下列词可修饰最高级，by far, far, much, mostly, almostEg. The bridge is by far the longest across the river.注意：1）形容词most前面没有the，不表示最高级的含义，只表示"非常"。

　　 It is a most important problem. 　　 2）序数词通常只修饰最高级例如：　　 Africa is the second largest continent.非洲是第二大洲3）最高级的意义有时可以用比较级表示出来例如：　　 Mike is the most intelligent in his class. 马克是班上最聪明的　　 Mike is more intelligent than any other students in his class.4）"否定词语+比较级"，也表示最高级含义　　 I have never spent a more exciting day.Nothing is easier than this.三、辨析问题(1) -ed, 感到…… -ing, 令人……(2) -ly结尾的形容词 friendly，deadly，lovely，lonely，likely，lively，ugly，brotherly　 Eg. He spoke to me in a very friendly (friend) way.(3) -ly 结尾既为形容词也为副词，如daily，weekly，monthly，yearly，early等。

　　 The Times is a weekly paper. 　　 The Times is published weekly. (4) 兼有两种形式的副词 1） close"近"、closely"仔细地，紧密地"　 He is sitting close to me. 　Watch him closely. 2） late "晚"、lately"最近"　　 　You have come too late. What have you been doing lately? 3） deep"深"，表示空间深度、deeply"深深地"，表示感情上的深度He pushed the stick deep into the mud.　　　Even father was deeply moved by the film.4） high表示空间高度、highly表示程度，相当于much　　 　The plane was flying high. 　 I think highly of your opinion. 5） wide表示空间宽度、widely"广泛地"　　 　　English is widely used in the world.6） free"免费"、freely"无限制地"　　 　You can eat free in my restaurant whenever you like.　　　 You may speak freely; say what you like.注意：“the+adj.”表示一类人，作主语时谓语动词用复数，如the blind，the hungry等。

四． 词性转换形容词变副词规则:1. 一般情况在词尾加ly; quick,polite,immediate→ quickly，politely，immediately2.一辅音字母加y结尾的，变y为i, 再加ly; happy, easy, hungry→ happily, easily, hungrily2. 以—le结尾的词去e加y; simple, probable →simply,probably3. 以—l结尾的词加ly; careful, real→carefully,really4. 以—ll结尾的词加y; full→fully5. 以—ic结尾的词加ally; basic, automatic, energetic→basically,automatically, energetically6. 以—ue结尾的词去e加y; true→truly I. 高考真题再现单句语法填空(形容词和副词)1. The girl used to be shy,but is  ________(gradual) getting active in group work and is more  willing to express herself.2.Basketball coaches waste no time in searching for________ (promise) young players for better performances in the coming season.3.  For most chefs,there is no ________(big) honor than having your restaurant awarded a Michelin star,let along three.4. Little children ask ________ (end) questions because they are curious about everything.5. Seeing the coach nodding ________ ( encouraging) to her, the little dancer was no more  nervous and went on with her performance.6. The Chinese are ________ (annoy) this morning as President Trump has indicated he is looking at imposing ________  (addition) tariffs(关税）on Chinese goods.7. Besides being helpful to smart-phone users,the app has emerged as a ________(hand) tool to solve the last-mile delivery challenge for e-commerce com。