英语国际音标复习 发音带单词示范.doc

1(1)前元音：前元音：[ [i i:]:] [ [i i] ] [ [e e] ] [ [ææ] ]前元音发音要领：前元音发音要领：舌尖抵下齿，舌前部向硬颚抬起，双唇不要收圆[ [i i:]:]唇形扁平,长元音 e- be, even; ee- tree, need, see; ea- sea, eat, meat, read; ie- piece, field; ei-, ey- seize, key; i- police, machine;[ [i i] ]唇形扁平 i- it, sit, little, him; y- city, pity; e- pretty, English; a- village, private;[ [e e] ]上下齿间可容纳一个食指 e- egg, send, bed, went; ea- head, dead; a- any, many;[ [ææ] ]两齿间可以容纳食指和中指 a- hand, pack, bag, pan;(2)中元音：中元音：[ [ʌ ʌ] ] [ [ǝ:ǝ:] ] [ [ǝ ǝ] ]中元音发音要领：中元音发音要领：舌尖抵住下齿，不要用力抵紧。

舌身的中部隆起，扁唇（双唇不要收圆） [ [ǝ ǝ:]:]双唇和发[i:]时相似不要发得太短 er, ear- her, earth, heard; ir- bird, first, girl; ur- turn, nurse, church; w+or- word, work, worse;[ [ǝ ǝ] ]这个音和汉语普通话轻声的“么（me） ”及 “了(le)”中的短促元音“e”相似，但英语的[ǝ]在词末时发音比普通话的“e”长or- doctor, effort; a- woman, about; our- colour, neighbour; er- father, better, mother;[ [ʌ ʌ] ]开口程度和[æ]相似，唇形扁u- up, sun, cut; o- done, color, monkey, Monday; ou-country, enough; oo- blood, 2flood;(3)后元音：后元音：[ [ɑ ɑ:]:] [ [ɔ ɔ] ] [ [ɔ ɔ:]:] [ [u u] ] [ [u u:]:]后元音发音要领：后元音发音要领：①舌尖不不触下齿，舌身后缩，舌后部向软颚抬起，除[ɑ:]外，双唇要收圆。

②发[ɑ:][ɔ:][u:]时要注意长度，不要发得太短[ [ɑ ɑ:]:] ar-car, are, star, dark; cl- calm, half; eart- heart[ [ɔ ɔ] ]双唇稍稍收圆 o-dog, sorry, holiday, on; a- was,what, want, watch;[ [ɔ ɔ:]:]双唇更圆更小，并用力向前突出a- all, talk, salt, water; ore,oor,our- before, more, door, floor, four;[ [u u] ]双唇收圆，稍向前突出u- put, full, push; oo- good, foot, wood; ou- could, should, would;[ [u u:]:] 双唇比发[u]时收得更圆更小，向前突出 oo- too, soon, food, moon; ou- you, group, soup; o- do, who, move;(4)双元音：双元音：[ei] [ai] [ɔi] [ǝu] [au] [iǝ] [uǝ] [Ɛǝ]双元音发音要领：双元音发音要领：前重后轻，第一个元音响亮清晰。

第二个元音轻弱模糊 前长后短，第一个元音较长第二个元音较短促[ [eiei] ] a- face, lady, late, waste; ei,ey- eight, they, survey; ea- great, break;[ [aiai] ] i, y- I, mine, write, try, cry; ie- die, lie; eye, buy, five;[ [ɔiɔi] ] oi- noise, voice; oy- boy, toy, enjoy;[ [ǝuǝu] ]双唇由扁到略为收圆 o-so, old, home; oa- coat, boat; ow- know, blow;[ [auau] ] ou- out, sound, loud; ow-town, allow, now,[ [iǝiǝ] ] ear- dear, ear, fear, near; ere- here; ea- idea;[ [ƐǝƐǝ] ] are- care, share; air- air, chair, fair; ear- bear, wear;[ [uǝuǝ] ] oor- poor; our- tour; ure- sure, pure, [1][1]爆破辅音：爆破辅音：[ [p p] ] [ [b b] ] [ [t t] ] [ [d d] ] [ [k k] ] [ [g g] ]爆破音发音要领：爆破音发音要领：[p] [t] [k]是清辅音，发音时声带不不振动，送气要强。

3[b] [d] [g]是浊辅音，发音时声带必须必须振动，送气要强[ [p p] ] [ [b b] ]双唇紧闭，然后突然分开，气流冲出口腔 Pan, pet, open, boy, box, bag, bus;[ [t t] ] [ [d d] ]舌尖紧贴上齿龈，形成阻碍，然后突然下降，气流冲出口腔Ten, tip, teach, dead, did, do;[ [k k] ] [ [g g] ]舌后部隆起，紧贴软颚，形成阻碍，然后突然离开，气流冲出口腔Keep, key, cake, book, good, game, get, go, gift;[2][2]摩擦辅音：摩擦辅音：[ [f f] ] [ [v v] ] [ [s s] ] [ [z z] ] [ [ʃ ʃ] ] [ [Ʒ Ʒ] ] [ [Ɵ Ɵ] ] [ [ð ð] ]摩擦音发音要领：摩擦音发音要领： [f] [s] [ʃ] [Ɵ]是清辅音，发音时声带不不振动[v] [z] [Ʒ] [ð]是浊辅音，发音时声带必须必须振动[ [f f] ] [ [v v] ]下唇轻触上齿，气流由唇齿间的缝隙中通过。

Funny, fish，food; vet, very, ever;[ [s s] ] said, sit, is, save, [ [z z] ] his, rise, outdoors, example;[ [ʃ ʃ] ] fresh, wish, nation; [ [Ʒ Ʒ] ] pleasure, leisure, measure, angel, [ [Ɵ Ɵ] ] [ [ð ð] ] 舌尖轻触上齿背，气流由舌齿间的窄小缝隙逸出，摩擦成音[ [Ɵ Ɵ] ] Month, health, truth, think, [ [ð ð] ] this, they, those, mother, father, then, [3][3]摩擦音摩擦音[ [h h] ] [ [r r] ] [ [j j] ] [ [w w] ]及舌侧音及舌侧音 [ [l l] ]摩擦音发音要领：摩擦音发音要领：[h]是清辅音，发音时声带不不振动[r] [j] [w]是浊辅音，发音时声带必须必须振动[ [h h] ] 这个音也叫喉音Hand, high, how, hello;[ [r r] ] 这个音也叫卷舌音。

Read, road, room, run;[ [j j] ] 这个音也叫半元音舌身和双唇呈发[i]的姿势 Yet, young, yellow, you, year, yesterday;[ [w w] ] 这个音也叫半元音舌身和双唇呈发[u:]的姿势 What, when, why, where, while, way,舌侧音舌侧音[l][l]两种发音，发清晰[l]时，舌前向硬颚抬起，舌尖抵上齿龈Late, lend, leave, low, sleep, long, live4发含糊[l]时，舌尖抵上齿龈，舌面形成凹槽，舌后上抬Settle, little, hill, ill, well;[4][4]鼻（辅）音：鼻（辅）音：[m] [n] [ŋ]鼻音发音要领：鼻音发音要领： ①气流从鼻腔逸出②三个鼻辅音都是浊辅音，发音时声带必须必须振动 ③鼻辅音在词末时，发音略为延长[ [mm] ]双唇紧闭 Many, much, mood, Monday, arm, [ [n n] ]舌尖紧贴上齿龈，双唇不闭Number, need, knife, learning, neighbour;[ [ŋ ŋ] ]舌尖和发[k]/[g]时相同，但软颚下垂，堵住口腔通道，气流从鼻腔逸出。

Young, sing, thing, tongue[5][5]破擦音：破擦音：[tr] [dr] [ʧ] [ʤ] [ʦ] [ʣ]破擦音发音要领：破擦音发音要领：[tr] [ʧ] [ʦ]是清辅音，发音时声带不不振动[dr] [ʤ] [ʣ]是浊辅音，发音时声带必须必须振动[ [ʧ ʧ] ] cheap, chance, rich, much, watch, china [ [ʤʤ] ] jeep, joke, just,age, danger, Japan, German[ [tr tr] ] tree, trust, try, street, strange [ [drdr] ] drug, drive, drink, children, drop, join, danger;[ [ʦ ʦ] ] [ [ʣʣ] ] 舌端贴住上齿龈，堵住气流，然后略为下降，气流随之泄出口腔. 一般出现在单词的复数词尾，清辅音后发[ [ʦ ʦ] ]， 浊辅音后发[ [ʣʣ] ][ [ʦ ʦ] ] its, let’s, gets, what’s, [ [ʣʣ] ] birds, needs, goods,。