高考英语一轮复习 unit 1 great scientists高考题（含解析）新人教版必修5.doc

为隆重中国共产党成立97周年，充分发挥基层党组织战斗堡垒和共产党员的先锋模范作用，在二轻系统营造奋勇争先、创造新业绩的浓厚氛围Unit 1 Great scientists高考试题一体裁题材词数难度建议时间说明文孩子玩耍与科学研究447★★★☆☆8＇(2016·浙江卷阅读理解C篇)A scientist working at her lab bench and a six-month-old baby playing with his food might seem to have little in common. After all, the scientist is engaged in serious research to uncover the very nature of the physical world, and the baby is, well, just playing…right? Perhaps, but some developmental psychologists(心理学家) have argued that this ＂play＂ is more like a scientific investigation than one might think.Take a closer look at the baby playing at the table. Each time the bowl of rice is pushed over the table edge, it falls to the ground — and, in the process, it brings out important evidence about how physical objects interact (相互作用): bowls of rice do not float in mid-air, but require support to remain stable. It is likely that babies are not born knowing this basic fact of the universe; nor are they ever clearly taught it. Instead, babies may form an understanding of object support through repeated experiments and then build on this knowledge to learn even more about how objects interact. Though their ranges and tools differ, the baby’s investigation and the scientist’s experiment appear to share the same aim(to learn about the natural world), overall approach (gathering direct evidence from the world), and logic (are my observations what I expected?).Some psychologists suggest that young children learn about more than just the physical world in this way—that they investigate human psychology and the rules of language using similar means. For example, it may only be through repeated experiments, evidence gathering, and finally overturning a theory, that a baby will come to accept the idea that other people can have different views and desires from what he or she has, for example, unlike the child, Mommy actually doesn’t like Dove chocolate. Viewing childhood development as a scientific investigation throws light on how children learn, but it also offers an inspiring look at science and scientists. Why do young children and scientists seem to be so much alike? Psychologists have suggested that science as an effort—the desire to explore, explain, and understand our world — is simply something that comes from our babyhood. Perhaps evolution (进化) provided human babies with curiosity and a natural drive to explain their worlds, and adult scientists simply make use of the same drive that served them as children. The same cognitive (认知的) systems that make young children feel good about figuring something out may have been adopted by adult scientists. As some psychologists put it,＂ It is not that children are little scientists but that scientists are big children.＂50. According to some developmental psychologists, .A. a baby’s play is nothing more than a gameB. scientific research into babies’ games is possibleC. the nature of babies’ play has been thoroughly investigatedD. a baby’s play is somehow similar to a scientist’s experiment51. We learn from Paragraph 2 that .A. scientists and babies seem to observe the world differentlyB. scientists and babies often interact with each otherC. babies are born with the knowledge of object supportD. babies seem to collect evidence just as scientists do52. Children may learn the rules of language by .A. exploring the physical worldB. investigating human psychologyC. repeating their own experimentsD. observing their parents’ behaviors53. What is the main idea of the last paragraph?A. The world may be more clearly explained through children’s play.B. Studying babies’ play may lead to a better understanding of science.C. Children may have greater ability to figure out things than scientists.D. One’s drive for scientific research may become stronger as he grows.54. What is the author’s tone when he discusses the connection between scientists’ research and babies’ play?A. Convincing. B. Confused. C. Confident. D. Cautious.【文章大意】本文是一篇说明文。

文章主要介绍了孩子的玩耍和科学家的研究有共同之处50.D 【解析】细节理解题根据文章第一段中的but some developmental psychologists (心理学家) have argued that this ＂play＂ is more like a scientific investigation than one might think可知，心理学家觉得孩子的玩耍和科学家的研究有些相似，故选D53.B 【解析】推理判断题根据最后一段中的＂Viewing childhood development as a scientific investigation throws light on how children learn, but it also offers an inspiring look at science and scientists.＂可知，研究孩子可以让人们更好地了解科学，故选B54. D 【解析】推理判断题根据作者在文中的用词appear to、用may来弱化绝对性的表达及通过引用其他人的观点Some psychologist suggest that可知，作者的语气是谨慎的。

故选D名师点睛】阅读理解有时理解文章中的长难句是关键，理解不了这些句子就很难理解文章的大意下面我们分析一下这篇文章中的长句For example, it may only be through repeated experiments, evidence gathering, and finally overturning a theory, that a baby will come to accept the idea that other people can have different views and desires from what he or she has, for example, unlike the child, Mommy actu。