白象似的群山写作手法分析.doc

从《白象似的群山》中看海明威的写作风格摘要欧内斯特·海明威是现代文学巨匠，他以“精通现代叙事艺术”荣获1954年诺贝尔文学奖他的写作技巧不仅使他闻名于世，还是区分他与其他作家的一大特征，他对美国乃至世界文学都有深远的影响白象似的群山”是海明威的一篇著名的短篇小说全文只有1469个字，讲述的是一对美国情侣在一个西班牙小站等火车的情景除了必不可少的背景描写之外，其余的都是这对情侣相互间的对话本文希望通过对小说写作手法的分析，使读者更加深刻的了解男女主人公之间的关系、冲突、心理活动及各自的人物特色同时更好的赏析这篇小说，并体会海明威独特的写作风格本文分为三个部分第一部分是引论对海明威及他的小说白象似的群山做了简短的介绍第二部分主要从语言、象征、冰山原则三个方面分析海明威的写作技巧首先，他的语言具有四个鲜明的特征：第一，他喜欢使用常见的单或双音节词第二他很少使用形容词和状语第三，在不同的情境下，他的句子的长短和节奏变换很巧妙他常用简单的连接词将单句改写成复句其次，他的文中总是充满了象征，这些象征的使得文章内容更加丰富在《白象似的群山》中它不仅预示着主人公的命运还使得人物形象更加生动，主题更加明确。

最后，介绍冰山原则的特点，及在《白象似的群山》中的应用在前面两部分的基础之上，第三部分对文章进行了总结，指出写作目的及研究意义关键词：写作手法，语言特色，象征，冰山原则 AbstractErnest Hemingway is a giant of modern literature. He was awarded the Nobel Prize for Literature in 1954 for “masters the modern narrative techniques”. His writing style not only makes him famous but also makes him different from many other greatest American writers. He has exerted a strong influence on the literature both of America and the world. “Hills Like White Elephants” is one of Hemingway’s excellent short stories, which provides us with a piece of wonderful picture with condensed ink. There are just 1469 words in this novel, of which the majority is dialogues between a girl and a man awaiting a train at a station in Spain. All the story features short sentences; and there are few modification words to describe the facial expression,the inner minds as well as the actions of the figures. The research into his writing style allows us to grasp the story thoroughly. Meanwhile we will profound the theme of the story and appreciate it well. This thesis is divided into three parts. Part one is a brief introduction to Hemingway and his novel “Hills Like White Elephants”. Part two analyses Hemingway’s writing techniques in the aspects of unique language, symbol technique and his Iceberg Theory. Firstly, his unique language can be summarized as the following three features: (a) one syllable or two syllables words are mostly used; (b) less adjectives and adverbials have been used; (c) the length and rhythm of his sentences are varied in different situations; (d) simple sentences outnumber complex sentences, and sentence connectors like "and", "but", "then" are used repeatedly in the novel to link most of the sentences. Secondly, his novels are always full of symbols, which greatly enrich the meaning of his story. In “Hills Like White Elephants” the symbols not only implies the fate of the young men but also make the character more vivid and the theme clearer. Finally, technique of his Iceberg Theory has been fully reflected by his "Hills Like White Elephants". For under the concise language, there exists rich information and deep feelings, it is just the highlight of the Iceberg Theory. Based on these analyses, the last part makes an conclusion and points out the purpose and significance of the research in this thesis. Key Words: writing style; features of language; symbolic; iceberg theoryii目录摘要 iAbstract ii1. Introduction to the writer and his “Hills Like White Elephants” 12Analysis of writing techniques of "Hills Like White Elephants" 22.1The unique Language 22.1.1 A lexical choice 32.1.2 Few adjectives and adverbs 32.1.3 Short and simple sentences 42.2 The use of Symbolism 52.2.1 The symbolic significance of the title and the heroine's name 52.2.2 The symbolic significance in the setting 62.2.3The symbolic significance between the dialogues 62.3 Technique of Iceberg Theory 72.3.1 The style of Iceberg Theory 72.3.2 Iceberg Theory in Hills Like White Elephants 83Conclusion 10Bibliography 11Acknowledgements 121. Introduction to the writer and his “Hills Like White Elephants”Ernest Hemingway is a giant of modern literature, well versed in modern narrative art, for which he was awarded Nobel Prize in 1954. His four major novels are The Sun Also Rises (1926), A Farewell to Arms (1929), For Whom the Bell Tolls (1940), and The Old Man and the Sea (1952). Since he is a wounded veteran of World War I, most of his works are connected to wars. Every role in his work reflects his own characteristics, that is, full of courage, perseverance, wisdom, and never giving in to fate, but none of them are perfect, which makes the role more real. His stories of courage in the face of tragedy encourage the new generation. The application of short, uncomplicated, active sentences, and only few adjectives becomes Hemingway's recognizable style that has been widely copied by other writers. Due to the concise language, his style is endowed with the title telegraph style. That makes the tempo of the story, the tone and the changing feelings of the figures clearer. We should be aware that Hemingway's language is concisely direct but never blunt or simply plain.His novels are always full of symbols, which can greatly enrich the meaning of the story. The subtle employment of symbolism is a sharp tool to help to delve 。