中考英语专题复习---副词.doc

2009年中考复习*专题复习 副词副词 一.概念: 副词是用来修饰形容词，副词，动词或句子的词二.副词的分类：1.时间副词：是确定时间句子的重要标志，要重点掌握一般现在时：often, always, usually, sometimes, occasionally, seldom, hardly ever, never, once/twice a week/month/year, every morning/afternoon/evening…eg: He often goes to school by bus.一般过去时：yesterday, last month/year, …ago, just now, in 1990…eg: I came to Kunming last month.一般将来时：tomorrow, next week/month/year/Monday, this afternoon, in a few minutes…eg: I will be back in a week.现在进行时：now, at the moment, these days…eg: We are learning English in Henderson these days.过去进行时：at this time yesterday, at that time（when，while做连词时引导的时间状语状语从句） eg: Xiao Qiang was having a shower at this time yesterday.现在完成时：recently, lately, already, yet, ever, just, so far, （for+时间段, since+时间点）eg: They haven’t finished their homework yet.过去完成时：already/yet/just/before/never/until与过去的时间连用， by+过去时间点eg: He had learn to play piano when he was twelve years old.2.地点副词：只需记住地点副词和动词连用前一定不能加介词back, inside, outside, here, there, home, anywhere, nowhere, somewhere, upstairs, downstairs, near, away, in, off, up, go to back × go back √ arrive to home × arrive home √3.方式副词：A:大部分是由”形容词加ly”构成：proudly, carefully, truly, terribly, busily, quickly, happily, loudly, suddenly, luckily, badly, easily,B:本身既充当形容词，又充当副词：high, fast, hard, late, early, near, again… （highly表示程度，“高度地，地位，评价或身份高”；hardly表示否定，“几乎不”，相当于rarely；lately表“最近”，多用于现在完成时；nearly表示“几乎，差不多”）4.程度副词：修饰形容词或副词原级: very, quite, rather, too, much, so 易考形式：…too+形容词或副词原级+to do sth=…not+形容词或副词原级+enough to do sth.eg: She is too young to go to school.=She isn’t old enough to go to school.He runs too slowly to catch the bus.=He doesn’t run quickly enough to catch the bus.so,易考形式：…so+形容词或副词原级(+a/an +单数可数名词)+that… (…such + a/an+单数可数名词+that+…)enough, 易考形式：…形容词或副词原级+enough to do sth修饰形容词或副词比较级：much, even, a little, a bit, a lot… eg: He runs much more quickly than me.5.疑问副词：when, where, how, why, who, whom, whose, what, 疑问副词常用来构成特殊疑问句。

对频度提问：How often… 答语: Once a day/week/month对一段时间提问：How long… 答语: For/About+一段时间，Since+时间点+ago对距离提问：How far… 答语: About+一段距离对将来的一段时间提问：How soon… 答语: In +一段时间6.关系（连接）副词: when，where，why，how，常用于引导从句三、副词的用法 副词是用来说明时间、地点、程度、方式等概念的词，主要用来修饰动词、形容词、其他副词或句子1. 作状语，用来修饰动词、形容词、其他副词或句子Please look at the blackboard carefully. 请仔细地看着黑板 The car is quite expensive. 这辆轿车相当昂贵 Unluckily, he missed the train. 很不幸得，他错过了火车2. 作表语，表示方位上的变化 He will be back soon.3. 作宾语补足语 I saw him out with his mother. 我看见他和他母亲一起出去了。

四、副词的位置1. 一般副词作状语时，放在谓语动词之后如果谓语动词后带有宾语，则放在宾语之后 They are laughing happily. 他们在高兴地大笑 I’m doing my homework carefully. 我在认真地做作业2. 频度副词作状语时放在be动词或助动词、情态动词之后，行为动词之前 She is never late for school. 她上学从不迟到We often go out for a walk after supper. 晚饭后我们常常去散步3. 某些副词为了强调上下句的衔接，放在句子之前 Suddenly she ran out of the house. 忽然她冲出房子4. enough修饰形容词和副词时，要放在所修饰词之后 He got up early enough to catch the bus. 他起得足够早，可以赶上汽车五、副词比较等级的用法(1)比较级和最高级变化形式规则变化：A类副词比较级是直接在前加more或mostproudlier × more proudly √ proudliest × most proudly √B类副词直接在其后加er或estHigh—higher—highestHarder---harder---hardestHigh---higher---highest不规则变化：原级比较级最高级wellbetterbestbadlyworseworstlittlelessleastmuchmoremostfarfartherfarthestfurtherfurthest（2）易考形式： ①肯定形式：…as+形容词或副词原级+as… eg: He is as good as Lei Feng. He runs as quickly as Liu Xiang. 否定形式：…not as（so）+形容词或副词原级+as…=…less+形容词或副词原级+than+…eg: He isn’t as(so) good as Lei Feng.=He is less better than Lei Feng. He doesn’t run as(so) quickly as Liu Xiang.=He runs less quickly than Liu Xiang.He doesn’t write as carefully as his sister. 他写字不如他妹妹细心。

②看见than就用比较级 ③in, of, among+比较范围，用最高级④副词最高级前一般不加定冠词the Which do you like best? 你最喜欢那一个？注：不是以ly结尾的就一定是副词，如friendly, lonely, lovely, motherly, early…易混点清单一、how long, how soon, how often, how far—How long have you been in China? — For three months. 你来中国有多久了？有三个多月了—How soon will he come back? —In five minutes. 他多快才能回来？五分钟后—How often do you visit your grandparents? — Once a week. 你多久去看望你的祖父母一次？一周一次—How far is it from your home to your school? —About two kilometers. 你家离学校有多远？大概二公里二、hard, hardly hard 意为“努力地，辛苦地”“剧烈地，猛烈地”，是程度副词；hardly意为“几乎不”，是否定副词。

It’s raining hard.雨下得很大 I can hardly understand his words. 我几乎听不懂他说的话三、too much和much tootoo much=much修饰不可数名词 too much beermuch too=too 修饰形容词或副词原级 much too tiredtoo much 修饰不可数名词，与too many 相对，too many修饰可数名词 There’s too much rain in summer. 夏天雨水实在太多了 The car is much too expensive. 这辆小轿车实在太贵了四、too, also, as well, either,too, also, as well用与肯定句中too, as well 放于肯定句句末also放于be动词助动词之后，实义动词之前either用于否定句句末He likes English, too. 他也喜欢英语I can also swim. 我也会游泳I don’t know French, either. 我也不懂法语。

五、too, enough, so too意为“太，很。